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Python spwd用法及代码示例


spwd module在Python中提供了对Unix 影子密码数据库。数据库中存储的条目是类似元组的对象，其属性类似于元组的成员结构式定义于<shadow.h>头文件.

以下是类元组对象的属性，它表示存储在 Unix 影子密码数据库中的条目：

index 属性 意义
0 sp_namp 登录名
1 sp_pwdp 加密密码
2 sp_lstchg 最后更改日期
3 sp_min 更改之间的最短天数
4 sp_max 更改之间的最大天数
5 sp_warn 密码过期前警告用户的天数
6 sp_inact 密码过期后到帐户被禁用的天数
7 sp_expire 自 1970-01-01 帐户到期以来的天数
8 sp_flag Reserved

Python中的spwd module定义了以下两个方法：

  • spwd.getspnam() method
  • spwd.getspall() method

注意： spwd模块是 UNIX 特定的服务。因此，该模块的所有方法仅在 UNIX 版本上可用。

spwd.getspnam()方法-

spwd.getspnam()Python 中的方法用于获取存储在 Unix 影子密码数据库中的指定用户名的条目。
此方法要求用户有足够的权限来访问影子密码数据库。PermissionError如果用户没有足够的权限，则会引发异常。

用法： spwd.getspnam(name)

参数：
name:表示需要影子密码数据库条目的用户名的字符串值。

返回类型：此方法返回“spwd.struct_spwd”类的类似元组的对象，它表示与指定用户名关联的影子密码数据库条目。

代码:用于 spwd.getspnam()方法


# Python program to explain spwd.getspnam() method 
    
# importing spwd module  
import spwd 
  
# User name 
name = "ihritik"
  
# Get the shadow password 
# database entry for the 
# specified user name 
# using spwd.getspnam() method 
entry = spwd.getspnam(name) 
  
# Print the retrieved entry 
print("Shadow password database entry for the user name '%s':" %name) 
print(entry) 
  
# User name 
name = "root"
  
# Get the shadow password 
# database entry for the 
# specified user name 
# using spwd.getspnam() method 
entry = spwd.getspnam(name) 
  
# Print the retrieved entry 
print("\nShadow password database entry for the user name '%s':" %name) 
print(entry)

输出：
os.getspnam() method output

spwd.getspall()方法-

Python 中的 spwd.getspall() 方法用于获取影子密码数据库中存储的所有可用条目。此方法还要求用户有足够的权限来访问影子密码数据库。

用法： spwd.getspall()

参数：不需要参数。

返回类型：此方法返回“spwd.struct_spwd”类的类元组对象列表，其元素表示影子密码数据库条目。

代码:用于spwd.getspall()方法


# Python program to explain spwd.getspall() method 
    
# importing spwd module  
import spwd 
  
# Get the all available  
# shadow password database entries 
# using spwd.getspall() method 
entries = spwd.getspall() 
  
  
# Print the retrieved entries 
print("Shadow password database entries:") 
for row in entries: 
    print(row)
输出：

Shadow password database entries:
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’root’, sp_pwdp=’!’, sp_lstchg=17677, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’daemon’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’bin’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’sys’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’sync’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’games’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’man’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’lp’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’mail’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’news’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’uucp’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’proxy’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’www-data’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’backup’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’list’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’irc’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’gnats’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’nobody’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’systemd-timesync’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’systemd-network’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’systemd-resolve’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’systemd-bus-proxy’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’syslog’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’messagebus’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’_apt’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’uuidd’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’rtkit’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’avahi-autoipd’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’usbmux’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’dnsmasq’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’whoopsie’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’kernoops’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’speech-dispatcher’, sp_pwdp=’!’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’avahi’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’saned’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’pulse’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’colord’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’hplip’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’geoclue’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’gdm’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17536, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’ihritik’, sp_pwdp=’$6$xOnnKlQr$yiKkE4XS1zT9mUj9NARHUTLZ8ibWurTx4pjQYOC58YHGGGBWTI3GIFKU4RUWC99JmPZIsfSlSvtm1GAyJL1G41′, sp_lstchg=17677, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’sshd’, sp_pwdp=’*’, sp_lstchg=17692, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)
spwd.struct_spwd(sp_namp=’master’, sp_pwdp=’$6$oMUtyit0$zCrJ3K5XEWEhqclJW.rsL9SP3zWHkLhT8rQ75fhJ4P6zZlhF3aOfymQT8A/VRqkJrutWCuWXvaekMUP/IIgFG1′, sp_lstchg=17972, sp_min=0, sp_max=99999, sp_warn=7, sp_inact=-1, sp_expire=-1, sp_flag=-1)



相关用法


注：本文由纯净天空筛选整理自ihritik大神的英文原创作品 spwd module in Python。非经特殊声明，原始代码版权归原作者所有，本译文未经允许或授权，请勿转载或复制。