Python shutil.copytree()用法及代码示例

Shutil模块Python提供了许多对文件和文件集合进行高级操作的函数。它属于Python的标准实用程序模块。此模块有助于自动执行文件和目录的复制和删除过程。
shutil.copytree()方法以递归方式将以源(src)为根的整个目录树复制到目标目录。由(dst)命名的目标目录必须不存在。它将在复制期间创建。使用copystat()复制目录的权限和时间，并使用shutil.copy2()复制单个文件。

用法： shutil.copytree(src, dst, symlinks = False, ignore = None, copy_function = copy2, igonre_dangling_symlinks = False)

参数：

src: A string representing the path of the source directory.

dest: A string representing the path of the destination.

symlinks (optional):This parameter accepts True or False, depending on which the metadata of the original links or linked links will be copied to the new tree.

ignore (optional):If ignore is given, it must be a callable that will receive as its arguments the directory being visited by copytree(), and a list of its contents, as returned by os.listdir().

copy_function (optional):The default value of this parameter is copy2. We can use other copy function like copy() for this parameter.

igonre_dangling_symlinks (optional):This parameter value when set to True is used to put a silence on the exception raised if the file pointed by the symlink doesn’t exist.

返回值： This method returns a string which represents the path of newly created directory.

范例1：
使用shutil.copytree()将文件从源复制到目标的方法

# Python program to explain shutil.copytree() method  
       
# importing os module  
import os  
   
# importing shutil module  
import shutil  
   
# path  
path = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'
   
# List files and directories  
# in 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'  
print("Before copying file:")  
print(os.listdir(path))  
   
   
# Source path  
src = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / source'
   
# Destination path  
dest = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / destination'
   
# Copy the content of  
# source to destination  
destination = shutil.copytree(src, dest)  
   
# List files and directories  
# in "C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks"  
print("After copying file:")  
print(os.listdir(path))  
   
# Print path of newly  
# created file  
print("Destination path:", destination)

输出：

Before copying file:
['source']
After copying file:
['destination', 'source']
Destination path:C:/Users/Rajnish/Desktop/GeeksforGeeks/destination

范例2：
使用shutil.copytree()使用复制文件的方法shutil.copy()方法。

# Python program to explain shutil.copytree() method  
        
# importing os module  
import os  
    
# importing shutil module  
import shutil  
    
# path  
path = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'
    
# List files and directories  
# in 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks'  
print("Before copying file:")  
print(os.listdir(path))  
    
    
# Source path  
src = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / source'
    
# Destination path  
dest = 'C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks / destination'
    
# Copy the content of  
# source to destination  
# using shutil.copy() as parameter 
destination = shutil.copytree(src, dest, copy_function = shutil.copy)  
    
# List files and directories  
# in "C:/Users / Rajnish / Desktop / GeeksforGeeks"  
print("After copying file:")  
print(os.listdir(path))  
    
# Print path of newly  
# created file  
print("Destination path:", destination)

输出：

Before copying file:
['source']
After copying file:
['destination', 'source']
Destination path:C:/Users/Rajnish/Desktop/GeeksforGeeks/destination

相关用法

注：本文由纯净天空筛选整理自Rajnis09大神的英文原创作品 Python | shutil.copytree() method。非经特殊声明，原始代码版权归原作者所有，本译文未经允许或授权，请勿转载或复制。