C++ LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9::Present方法代码示例

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: render_1()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void render_1( void )
{
    D3DXMATRIX matView;
    D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
    D3DXMATRIX matRotation;
    D3DXMATRIX matTranslation;

    // Now we can clear just view-port's portion of the buffer to green...
    g_pd3dDevice_1->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ), 1.0f, 0 );

    g_pd3dDevice_1->BeginScene();

    // For the left view-port, leave the view at the origin...
    D3DXMatrixIdentity( &matView );
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, &matView );

    // ... and use the world matrix to spin and translate the teapot
    // out where we can see it...
    D3DXMatrixRotationYawPitchRoll( &matRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinX), D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinY), 0.0f );
    D3DXMatrixTranslation( &matTranslation, 0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f );
    matWorld = matRotation * matTranslation;
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );


    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetMaterial( &g_teapotMtrl );
    g_pTeapotMesh_1->DrawSubset(0);

    g_pd3dDevice_1->EndScene();

    // We're done! Now, we just call Present()
    g_pd3dDevice_1->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

/*
 * Game update function
 */
void Game_Run(HWND hwnd)
{
    //make sure the Direct3D device is valid
    if (!d3ddev) return;

    //create pointer to the back buffer
    d3ddev->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &backbuffer);

    //start rendering
    if (d3ddev->BeginScene())
    {
		RECT rect; 
		rect.top = NULL;
		rect.left = NULL;
		rect.right = 950;
		rect.bottom = 768;

		RECT rect2;
		rect2.top = 270;
		rect2.left = 110;
		rect2.right = 900;
		rect2.bottom = 768;

        d3ddev->StretchRect(surface, &rect2
			, backbuffer, &rect, D3DTEXF_NONE);
     
        //stop rendering
        d3ddev->EndScene();
        d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    }

    //check for escape key (to exit program)
    if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
        PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 渲染图形
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Render()
{
    //设置是否启用图形反锯齿
    if(antiAlisa)
        g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_MULTISAMPLEANTIALIAS,TRUE);
    else
        g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_MULTISAMPLEANTIALIAS,FALSE);

    //清空后台缓冲区
    g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(45, 50, 170)
                         , 1.0f, 0 );

    //开始在后台缓冲区绘制图形
    if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
    {
        //在后台缓冲区绘制图形
        g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
        g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1 );

        //结束在后台缓冲区渲染图形
        g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
    }

    //将在后台缓冲区绘制的图形提交到前台缓冲区显示
    g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

//랜더
void Render(int timeDelta)
{
	//화면 청소
	if (SUCCEEDED(g_pDevice->Clear( 
		0,			//청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 갯수		( 전체 클리어 0 )
		NULL,		//청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 포인터		( 전체 클리어 NULL )
		D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL,	//청소될 버퍼 플레그 ( D3DCLEAR_TARGET 컬러버퍼, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER 깊이버퍼, D3DCLEAR_STENCIL 스텐실버퍼
		D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255),			//컬러버퍼를 청소하고 채워질 색상( 0xAARRGGBB )
		1.0f,				//깊이버퍼를 청소할값 ( 0 ~ 1 0 이 카메라에서 제일가까운 1 이 카메라에서 제일 먼 )
		0					//스텐실 버퍼를 채울값
		)))
	{
		//화면 청소가 성공적으로 이루어 졌다면... 랜더링 시작
		g_pDevice->BeginScene();

		static float y = 0;
		y += timeDelta / 1000.f;
		// 각도가 2*PI 에 이르면 0으로 초기화한다.
		if (y >= 6.28f)
			y = 0;

		Matrix44 rx, ry, r;
		rx.SetRotationX(MATH_PI/4.f); 	// x축으로 45도 회전시킨다.
		ry.SetRotationY(y); // y축으로 회전
		r = rx*ry;
		g_pDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DXMATRIX*)&r);

		g_pMesh->DrawSubset(0) ;

		//랜더링 끝
		g_pDevice->EndScene();
		//랜더링이 끝났으면 랜더링된 내용 화면으로 전송
		g_pDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
	}
}

// Draw one frame of the scene
void RenderScene( float updateTime )
{
    // Begin the scene
    if (SUCCEEDED(g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene()))
    {
		// Clear the z buffer & stencil buffer - no need to clear back-buffer 
		// as the skybox will always fill the background
		g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL,
		                     0, 1.0f, 0 );

		// Prepare camera
		MainCamera->CalculateMatrices();

		// Render all entities
		EntityManager.RenderAllEntities( MainCamera );

		// Draw on-screen text
		RenderSceneText( updateTime );

		// End the scene
        g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
    }

    // Present the backbuffer contents to the display
    g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

// 使用DirectX 9來繪圖
void RenderFrameDX9(void)
{
	LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
	// 消除畫面
	device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0, 0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
	// 開始下繪圖指令
	device->BeginScene(); 
	// 設定轉換矩陣
	Matrix4x4 view_matrix = g_Control.GetViewMatrix();
	Matrix4x4 world_matrix = g_Control.GetObjectMatrix();
	device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, (D3DMATRIX *) &view_matrix);
	device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &world_matrix);
	// 在只傳入2維貼圖座標時, Direct3D使用3x3矩陣來轉換貼圖座標.
	Matrix4x4 converted_matrix3x3 = g_texture_matrix;
	converted_matrix3x3[2] = g_texture_matrix[3];
	device->SetTransform(D3DTS_TEXTURE0, (D3DMATRIX *) &converted_matrix3x3);
	//device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXTURETRANSFORMFLAGS, D3DTTFF_COUNT2);
	//device->SetTexture(0, g_pTexture);
	// 畫出矩形
	device->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 2, g_Quad, sizeof(Vertex_VT));
	// 宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了
	device->EndScene(); 
	// 把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來
	device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

// Advances GFx animation and draws the scene.
void FxPlayerTiny::AdvanceAndDisplay()
{
    // Clear the back buffer to a black color.
    pDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(200,200,200), 1.0f, 0);

    // *** GFx Rendering    
    if (pMovie)
    {
        // GRendererD3D9 does not modify D3DRS_FILLMODE, so we can set it here.
        pDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_FILLMODE,
            Wireframe ? D3DFILL_WIREFRAME : D3DFILL_SOLID);

        UInt32  time    = timeGetTime();
        Float   delta   = ((Float)(time - MovieLastTime)) / 1000.0f;

        // Advance time and display the movie.
        if (!Paused)
            pMovie->Advance(delta);
        pMovie->Display();

        MovieLastTime = time;
    }

    // Present the back buffer contents to the display.
    pDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

//
//  함수: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  목적: 주 창의 메시지를 처리합니다.
//
//  WM_COMMAND	- 응용 프로그램 메뉴를 처리합니다.
//  WM_PAINT	- 주 창을 그립니다.
//  WM_DESTROY	- 종료 메시지를 게시하고 반환합니다.
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	int wmId, wmEvent;

	switch (message)
	{
	case WM_COMMAND:
		wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);
		wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
		// 메뉴 선택을 구문 분석합니다.
		switch (wmId)
		{
		case IDM_ABOUT:
			DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
			break;
		case IDM_EXIT:
			DestroyWindow(hWnd);
			break;
		default:
			return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
		}
		break;
	case WM_PAINT:
		{
			//화면 청소
			if( SUCCEEDED( g_pDevice->Clear( 
				0,			//청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 갯수		( 전체 클리어 0 )
				NULL,		//청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 포인터		( 전체 클리어 NULL )
				D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL,	//청소될 버퍼 플레그 ( D3DCLEAR_TARGET 컬러버퍼, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER 깊이버퍼, D3DCLEAR_STENCIL 스텐실버퍼
				0xffffff00,			//컬러버퍼를 청소하고 채워질 색상( 0xAARRGGBB )
				1.0f,				//깊이버퍼를 청소할값 ( 0 ~ 1 0 이 카메라에서 제일가까운 1 이 카메라에서 제일 먼 )
				0					//스텐실 버퍼를 채울값
				) ) )
			{
				//화면 청소가 성공적으로 이루어 졌다면... 랜더링 시작
				g_pDevice->BeginScene();

				//여기서부터 랜더링 명령이 실행된다..




				//랜더링 끝
				g_pDevice->EndScene();


				//랜더링이 끝났으면 랜더링된 내용 화면으로 전송
				g_pDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
			}

		}
		break;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	default:
		return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
	}
	return 0;
}

//渲染函数
//
//
bool Display(float timeDelta)
{
	timedelta=timeDelta;
	if( Device ) 
	{ 
		
		//*************绘制区域*********************
		Device->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0);
		Device->BeginScene ();
		
		if(g_currentGUI == GUI_MAIN_SCREEN)
			ProcessGUI(g_MainGUI, g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
		else if(g_currentGUI == GUI_START_SCREEN)
			ProcessGUI(g_StartGUI, g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
		else if(g_currentGUI == GUI_LOAD_SCREEN)
			ProcessGUI(g_ControlGUI , g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
		else if(g_currentGUI == GUI_OPTION_SCREEN)
			ProcessGUI(g_StoreGUI , g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
		else
			ProcessGUI(g_MainGUI, g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);

		Device->EndScene ();
		Device->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);//提交后台缓存示翻转）

	}
	return true;
}

void Render()
{
    g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255), 1.0f, 0);
    g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();

    D3DXMATRIXA16 matWorld;
    D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matWorld, timeGetTime() / 1000.0f);
    g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld);

    D3DXVECTOR3 vEyePt(0.0f, 3.0f,-5.0f);
    D3DXVECTOR3 vLookatPt(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
    D3DXVECTOR3 vUpVec(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
    D3DXMATRIXA16 matView;
    D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView, &vEyePt, &vLookatPt, &vUpVec);
    g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView);

    D3DXMATRIXA16 matProj;
    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj, D3DX_PI / 4, 1.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f);
    g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj);

    for (DWORD i = 0; i < g_dwNumMaterials; i++)
    {
        g_pd3dDevice->SetMaterial(&g_pMeshMaterials[i]);
        g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture(0, g_pMeshTextures[i]);
        g_pMesh->DrawSubset(i);
    }

    g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
    g_pd3dDevice->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 渲染场景
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Render()
{
	// 清除缓冲区
	g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 
		D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 );

	//开始渲染场景
	if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
	{
		SetWorldMatrix();  //设置世界矩阵

		//逐块渲染网格模型
		for( DWORD i=0; i<g_dwNumMaterials; i++ )
		{
			//设置材料和纹理
			g_pd3dDevice->SetMaterial( &g_pMeshMaterials[i] );
			g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture( 0, g_pMeshTextures[i] );

			//渲染模型
			g_pMesh->DrawSubset( i );
		}

		//场景渲染结束
		g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
	}

	//在屏幕上显示场景
	g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

// 使用DirectX 9來繪圖
void RenderFrameDX9(void)
{
	LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
	// 消除畫面
	device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 0x00000000, 1.0f, 0);
	// 開始下繪圖指令
	device->BeginScene(); 
	// 設定座標轉換矩陣
	Matrix4x4 view_matrix = GutMatrixLookAtRH(g_eye, g_lookat, g_up);
	device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, (D3DMATRIX *) &view_matrix);
	device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &g_world_matrix);
	// 套用貼圖
	device->SetTexture(0, g_pTexture);
	// trilinear filter
	device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
	device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
	device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
	// 自動產生貼圖座標
	device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, D3DTSS_TCI_CAMERASPACEREFLECTIONVECTOR);
	//device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXTURETRANSFORMFLAGS, D3DTTFF_COUNT3);
	// 使用自動normalize功能
	device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_NORMALIZENORMALS, TRUE);
	// 畫模型
	// 傳入0代表不套用模型中的材質, 經由外部來設定.
	g_Model_DX9.Render(0);
	// 宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了
	device->EndScene(); 
	// 把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來
	device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

//ループ処理
bool Application::Loop()
{
	MSG msg;

	//前のフレームの描画を終了する
	d3dDevice->EndScene();

	//前のフレームの描画を反映する
	d3dDevice->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);

	//Windowsメッセージを処理する
	while (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
	{
		TranslateMessage(&msg);
		DispatchMessage(&msg);

		//ウィンドウを閉じる
		if (WM_QUIT == msg.message)
			return false;
	}

	//画面のクリア
	if (FAILED(d3dDevice->Clear(0, nullptr, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 60, 160), 1.0f, 0)))
		return false;

	//今のフレームの描画を開始する
	d3dDevice->BeginScene();

	return true;
}

VOID Render()
{
	SetupMatrix() ;

	OnFrameMove() ;

	g_pCamera->Update(0.1f, 1.0f) ;

	// Clear the back-buffer to a RED color
	g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255), 1.0f, 0 );

	// Begin the scene
	if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
	{
		RenderTerrain() ;

		RenderTree() ;

		RenderTeapot() ;

		// End the scene
		g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
	}

	// Present the back-buffer contents to the display
	g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: Render()
// Desc: Draws the scene
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID CDlg::Render()
{
	if (! SUCCEEDED( InitVB() )) {
		return;
	}
    // Clear the backbuffer to a blue color
    g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 );

    // Begin the scene
    if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
    {
        // Draw the triangles in the vertex buffer. This is broken into a few
        // steps. We are passing the vertices down a "stream", so first we need
        // to specify the source of that stream, which is our vertex buffer. Then
        // we need to let D3D know what vertex shader to use. Full, custom vertex
        // shaders are an advanced topic, but in most cases the vertex shader is
        // just the FVF, so that D3D knows what type of vertices we are dealing
        // with. Finally, we call DrawPrimitive() which does the actual rendering
        // of our geometry (in this case, just one triangle).
        g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
        //g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1 );
        g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_POINTLIST, 0, 3 );

        // End the scene
        g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
    }

    // Present the backbuffer contents to the display
    g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}