Python Dictionary popitem()用法及代码示例

字典 popitem() 方法

popitem() 方法用于从字典中删除随机/最后插入的项目。

在 Python 3.7 版之前，它删除随机项目，从 3.7 版开始，它删除最后插入的项目。

用法:

    dictionary_name.popitem()

参数：

• 它不接受任何参数。

返回值：

这个方法的返回类型是<class 'tuple'>，它将删除的项目作为元组(键，值)返回。

范例1：

# Python Dictionary popitem() Method with Example

# dictionary declaration
student = {
  "roll_no":101,
  "name":"Shivang",
  "course":"B.Tech",
  "perc":98.5
}

# printing dictionary
print("data of student dictionary...")
print(student)

# removing item
x = student.popitem()
print(x, ' is removed.')

# removing item
x = student.popitem()
print(x, ' is removed.')

输出(在 Python 版本 3 上)

data of student dictionary...
{'name':'Shivang', 'course':'B.Tech', 'perc':98.5, 'roll_no':101}
('name', 'Shivang')  is removed.
('course', 'B.Tech')  is removed.

输出(在 Python 3.7.4 版上)

data of student dictionary...
{'roll_no':101, 'name':'Shivang', 'course':'B.Tech', 'perc':98.5}
('perc', 98.5)  is removed.
('course', 'B.Tech')  is removed.

演示示例，如果不存在更多项目，则返回错误。

范例2：

# Python Dictionary popitem() Method with Example

# dictionary declaration
temp = {
  "key1":1,
  "key2":2
}

# printing dictionary
print("data of temp dictionary...")
print(temp)

# popping item
x = temp.popitem()
print(x, 'is removed.')

# popping item
x = temp.popitem()
print(x, 'is removed.')

# popping item
x = temp.popitem()
print(x, 'is removed.')

输出

data of temp dictionary...
{'key2':2, 'key1':1}
('key2', 2) is removed.
('key1', 1) is removed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 22, in <module>
    x = temp.popitem()
KeyError:'popitem():dictionary is empty'