PHP PHPUnit assertEquals()用法及代码示例

assertEquals()函数是PHPUnit中的内置函数，用于断言实际获得的值是否等于预期值。如果期望值与实际值相同，则此断言将返回true，否则返回false。如果为真，则通过断言的测试用例，否则测试用例失败。

用法:

assertEquals( mixed $expected, mixed $actual, string $message = '' )

参数：该函数接受三个参数，如上面的语法所示。参数说明如下：

• $expected:该参数可以是代表期望数据的任何类型。
• $actual:此参数可以是代表实际数据的任何类型。
• $message:此参数采用字符串值。当测试用例失败时，此字符串消息将显示为错误消息。

以下程序说明了PHPUnit中的assertEquals()函数：

程序1:

<?php 
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; 
  
class GeeksPhpunitTestCase extends TestCase 
{ 
    public function testNegativeTestcaseForAssertEquals() 
    { 
        $expected = "geeks"; 
        $actual = "Geeks"; 
  
        // Assert function to test whether expected 
        // value is equal to actual or not 
        $this->assertEquals( 
            $expected, 
            $actual, 
            "actual value is not equals to expected"
        ); 
    } 
} 
  
?>

输出：

PHPUnit 8.2.5 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

F                                                                   1 / 1 (100%)

Time:64 ms, Memory:10.00 MB

There was 1 failure:

1) GeeksPhpunitTestCase::testNegativeTestcaseForAssertEquals
actual value is not equals to expected
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'geeks'
+'Geeks'

/home/shivam/Documents/geeks/phpunit/abc.php:15

FAILURES!
Tests:1, Assertions:1, Failures:1.

程序2:

<?php 
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; 
  
class GeeksPhpunitTestCase extends TestCase 
{ 
    public function testPositiveTestcaseForAssertEquals() 
    { 
        $expected = "geeks"; 
        $actual = "geeks"; 
  
        // Assert function to test whether expected 
        // value is equal to actual or not 
        $this->assertEquals( 
            $expected, 
            $actual, 
            "actual value is not equals to expected"
        ); 
    } 
} 
  
?>

输出：

PHPUnit 8.2.5 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

.                                                                   1 / 1 (100%)

Time:67 ms, Memory:10.00 MB

OK (1 test, 1 assertion)

注意：要使用phpunit运行测试用例，请遵循此处的步骤。另外，phpunit 7及更高版本支持assertEquals()。