multiset::upper_bound()是C++ STL中的内置函数,该函数返回一个迭代器,该迭代器指向刚好大于k的下一个元素。如果参数中传递的键超过了容器中的最大键,则返回的迭代器将指向一个元素,该元素指向容器中最后一个元素之后的位置。
用法:
multiset_name.upper_bound(key)
参数:该函数接受单个强制性参数键,该键指定要返回其upper_bound的元素。
返回值:该函数返回一个迭代器。
以下示例程序旨在说明上述函数:
程序1:
// CPP program to demonstrate the
// multiset::lower_bound() function
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
multiset<int> s;
// Function to insert elements
// in the multiset container
s.insert(1);
s.insert(3);
s.insert(3);
s.insert(5);
s.insert(4);
cout << "The multiset elements are:";
for (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++)
cout << *it << " ";
// when 3 is present
auto it = s.upper_bound(3);
cout << "\nThe upper bound of key 3 is ";
cout << (*it) << endl;
// when 2 is not present
// points to next greater after 2
it = s.upper_bound(2);
cout << "The upper bound of key 2 is ";
cout << (*it) << endl;
// when 10 exceeds the max element in multiset
it = s.upper_bound(10);
cout << "The upper bound of key 10 is ";
cout << (*it) << endl;
return 0;
}
输出:
The multiset elements are:1 3 3 4 5 The upper bound of key 3 is 4 The upper bound of key 2 is 3 The upper bound of key 10 is 5
程序2:
// CPP program to demonstrate the
// multiset::lower_bound() function
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
multiset<int> s;
// Function to insert elements
// in the multiset container
s.insert(10);
s.insert(13);
s.insert(13);
s.insert(25);
s.insert(24);
cout << "The multiset elements are:";
for (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++)
cout << *it << " ";
// when 10 is present
auto it = s.upper_bound(10);
cout << "\nThe upper bound of key 10 is ";
cout << (*it) << endl;
// when 2 is not present
// points to next greater after 2
it = s.upper_bound(11);
cout << "The upper bound of key 2 is ";
cout << (*it) << endl;
// when 24 exceeds is the max element
it = s.upper_bound(24);
cout << "The upper bound of key 24 is ";
cout << (*it) << endl;
return 0;
}
输出:
The multiset elements are:10 13 13 24 25 The upper bound of key 10 is 13 The upper bound of key 2 is 13 The upper bound of key 24 is 25
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注:本文由纯净天空筛选整理自gopaldave大神的英文原创作品 multiset upper_bound() in C++ STL with Examples。非经特殊声明,原始代码版权归原作者所有,本译文未经允许或授权,请勿转载或复制。