C++ multiset upper_bound()用法及代碼示例

multiset::upper_bound()是C++ STL中的內置函數，該函數返回一個迭代器，該迭代器指向剛好大於k的下一個元素。如果參數中傳遞的鍵超過了容器中的最大鍵，則返回的迭代器將指向一個元素，該元素指向容器中最後一個元素之後的位置。

用法:

multiset_name.upper_bound(key)

參數：該函數接受單個強製性參數鍵，該鍵指定要返回其upper_bound的元素。

返回值：該函數返回一個迭代器。

以下示例程序旨在說明上述函數：

程序1:

// CPP program to demonstrate the 
// multiset::lower_bound() function 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
int main() 
{ 
  
    multiset<int> s; 
  
    // Function to insert elements 
    // in the multiset container 
    s.insert(1); 
    s.insert(3); 
    s.insert(3); 
    s.insert(5); 
    s.insert(4); 
  
    cout << "The multiset elements are:"; 
    for (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) 
        cout << *it << " "; 
  
    // when 3 is present 
    auto it = s.upper_bound(3); 
    cout << "\nThe upper bound of key 3 is "; 
    cout << (*it) << endl; 
  
    // when 2 is not present 
    // points to next greater after 2 
    it = s.upper_bound(2); 
    cout << "The upper bound of key 2 is "; 
    cout << (*it) << endl; 
  
    // when 10 exceeds the max element in multiset 
    it = s.upper_bound(10); 
    cout << "The upper bound of key 10 is "; 
    cout << (*it) << endl; 
  
    return 0; 
}

輸出：

The multiset elements are:1 3 3 4 5 
The upper bound of key 3 is 4
The upper bound of key 2 is 3
The upper bound of key 10 is 5

程序2:

// CPP program to demonstrate the 
// multiset::lower_bound() function 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
int main() 
{ 
  
    multiset<int> s; 
  
    // Function to insert elements 
    // in the multiset container 
    s.insert(10); 
    s.insert(13); 
    s.insert(13); 
    s.insert(25); 
    s.insert(24); 
  
    cout << "The multiset elements are:"; 
    for (auto it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) 
        cout << *it << " "; 
  
    // when 10 is present 
    auto it = s.upper_bound(10); 
    cout << "\nThe upper bound of key 10 is "; 
    cout << (*it) << endl; 
  
    // when 2 is not present 
    // points to next greater after 2 
    it = s.upper_bound(11); 
    cout << "The upper bound of key 2 is "; 
    cout << (*it) << endl; 
  
    // when 24 exceeds is the max element 
    it = s.upper_bound(24); 
    cout << "The upper bound of key 24 is "; 
    cout << (*it) << endl; 
  
    return 0; 
}

輸出：

The multiset elements are:10 13 13 24 25 
The upper bound of key 10 is 13
The upper bound of key 2 is 13
The upper bound of key 24 is 25

多重設定的所有函數

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注：本文由純淨天空篩選整理自gopaldave大神的英文原創作品 multiset upper_bound() in C++ STL with Examples。非經特殊聲明，原始代碼版權歸原作者所有，本譯文未經允許或授權，請勿轉載或複製。