Golang PHYPayload.UnmarshalBinary方法代码示例

func msgFromPayload(payload []byte) (*pb_protocol.Message, error) {
	var phy lorawan.PHYPayload
	if err := phy.UnmarshalBinary(payload); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	msg := pb_lorawan.MessageFromPHYPayload(phy)
	return &pb_protocol.Message{Protocol: &pb_protocol.Message_Lorawan{Lorawan: &msg}}, nil
}

// UnmarshalPayload unmarshals the Payload into Message if Message is nil
func (m *DeviceActivationResponse) UnmarshalPayload() error {
	if m.GetMessage() == nil && m.GetDownlinkOption() != nil && m.DownlinkOption.GetProtocolConfig() != nil && m.DownlinkOption.ProtocolConfig.GetLorawan() != nil {
		var phy lorawan.PHYPayload
		if err := phy.UnmarshalBinary(m.Payload); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		msg := pb_lorawan.MessageFromPHYPayload(phy)
		m.Message = &pb_protocol.Message{Protocol: &pb_protocol.Message_Lorawan{Lorawan: &msg}}
	}
	return nil
}

func (n *networkServer) HandleDownlink(message *pb_broker.DownlinkMessage) (*pb_broker.DownlinkMessage, error) {
	// Get Device
	dev, err := n.devices.Get(*message.AppEui, *message.DevEui)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	n.status.downlink.Mark(1)

	dev.StartUpdate()

	if dev.AppID != message.AppId || dev.DevID != message.DevId {
		return nil, errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Downlink", "AppID and DevID do not match AppEUI and DevEUI")
	}

	// Unmarshal LoRaWAN Payload
	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	err = phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(message.Payload)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	macPayload, ok := phyPayload.MACPayload.(*lorawan.MACPayload)
	if !ok {
		return nil, errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Downlink", "does not contain a MAC payload")
	}

	// Set DevAddr
	macPayload.FHDR.DevAddr = lorawan.DevAddr(dev.DevAddr)

	// FIRST set and THEN increment FCntDown
	// TODO: For confirmed downlink, FCntDown should be incremented AFTER ACK
	macPayload.FHDR.FCnt = dev.FCntDown
	dev.FCntDown++
	err = n.devices.Set(dev)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Sign MIC
	phyPayload.SetMIC(lorawan.AES128Key(dev.NwkSKey))

	// Update message
	bytes, err := phyPayload.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	message.Payload = bytes

	return message, nil
}

func TestHandleDownlink(t *testing.T) {
	a := New(t)
	ns := &networkServer{
		devices: device.NewRedisDeviceStore(GetRedisClient(), "test-handle-downlink"),
	}
	ns.InitStatus()

	appEUI := types.AppEUI(getEUI(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8))
	devEUI := types.DevEUI(getEUI(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8))
	devAddr := getDevAddr(1, 2, 3, 4)

	// Device Not Found
	message := &pb_broker.DownlinkMessage{
		AppEui:  &appEUI,
		DevEui:  &devEUI,
		Payload: []byte{},
	}
	_, err := ns.HandleDownlink(message)
	a.So(err, ShouldNotBeNil)

	ns.devices.Set(&device.Device{
		DevAddr: devAddr,
		AppEUI:  appEUI,
		DevEUI:  devEUI,
	})
	defer func() {
		ns.devices.Delete(appEUI, devEUI)
	}()

	// Invalid Payload
	message = &pb_broker.DownlinkMessage{
		AppEui:  &appEUI,
		DevEui:  &devEUI,
		Payload: []byte{},
	}
	_, err = ns.HandleDownlink(message)
	a.So(err, ShouldNotBeNil)

	fPort := uint8(3)
	phy := lorawan.PHYPayload{
		MHDR: lorawan.MHDR{
			MType: lorawan.UnconfirmedDataDown,
			Major: lorawan.LoRaWANR1,
		},
		MACPayload: &lorawan.MACPayload{
			FPort: &fPort,
			FHDR: lorawan.FHDR{
				FCtrl: lorawan.FCtrl{
					ACK: true,
				},
			},
		},
	}
	bytes, _ := phy.MarshalBinary()

	message = &pb_broker.DownlinkMessage{
		AppEui:  &appEUI,
		DevEui:  &devEUI,
		Payload: bytes,
	}
	res, err := ns.HandleDownlink(message)
	a.So(err, ShouldBeNil)

	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(res.Payload)
	macPayload, _ := phyPayload.MACPayload.(*lorawan.MACPayload)
	a.So(*macPayload.FPort, ShouldEqual, 3)
	a.So(macPayload.FHDR.DevAddr, ShouldEqual, lorawan.DevAddr{1, 2, 3, 4})
	a.So(macPayload.FHDR.FCnt, ShouldEqual, 0)                // The first Frame counter is zero
	a.So(phyPayload.MIC, ShouldNotEqual, [4]byte{0, 0, 0, 0}) // MIC should be set, we'll check it with actual examples in the integration test

	dev, _ := ns.devices.Get(appEUI, devEUI)
	a.So(dev.FCntDown, ShouldEqual, 1)

}

func TestHandlePrepareActivation(t *testing.T) {
	a := New(t)
	ns := &networkServer{
		netID: [3]byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x13},
		prefixes: map[types.DevAddrPrefix][]string{
			types.DevAddrPrefix{DevAddr: [4]byte{0x26, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, Length: 7}: []string{
				"otaa",
				"local",
			},
		},
		devices: device.NewRedisDeviceStore(GetRedisClient(), "test-handle-prepare-activation"),
	}

	appEUI := types.AppEUI(getEUI(2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8))
	devEUI := types.DevEUI(getEUI(2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8))

	// Device not registered
	resp, err := ns.HandlePrepareActivation(&pb_broker.DeduplicatedDeviceActivationRequest{
		ActivationMetadata: &pb_protocol.ActivationMetadata{Protocol: &pb_protocol.ActivationMetadata_Lorawan{
			Lorawan: &pb_lorawan.ActivationMetadata{
				CfList: &pb_lorawan.CFList{Freq: []uint32{867100000, 867300000, 867500000, 867700000, 867900000}},
			},
		}},
		ResponseTemplate: &pb_broker.DeviceActivationResponse{},
	})
	a.So(err, ShouldNotBeNil)

	dev := &device.Device{AppEUI: appEUI, DevEUI: devEUI, Options: device.Options{
		ActivationConstraints: "private",
	}}
	a.So(ns.devices.Set(dev), ShouldBeNil)

	defer func() {
		ns.devices.Delete(appEUI, devEUI)
	}()

	// Constrained Device
	resp, err = ns.HandlePrepareActivation(&pb_broker.DeduplicatedDeviceActivationRequest{
		DevEui: &devEUI,
		AppEui: &appEUI,
		ActivationMetadata: &pb_protocol.ActivationMetadata{Protocol: &pb_protocol.ActivationMetadata_Lorawan{
			Lorawan: &pb_lorawan.ActivationMetadata{
				CfList: &pb_lorawan.CFList{Freq: []uint32{867100000, 867300000, 867500000, 867700000, 867900000}},
			},
		}},
		ResponseTemplate: &pb_broker.DeviceActivationResponse{},
	})
	a.So(err, ShouldNotBeNil)

	dev.StartUpdate()
	dev.Options = device.Options{}
	a.So(ns.devices.Set(dev), ShouldBeNil)

	// Device registered
	resp, err = ns.HandlePrepareActivation(&pb_broker.DeduplicatedDeviceActivationRequest{
		DevEui: &devEUI,
		AppEui: &appEUI,
		ActivationMetadata: &pb_protocol.ActivationMetadata{Protocol: &pb_protocol.ActivationMetadata_Lorawan{
			Lorawan: &pb_lorawan.ActivationMetadata{
				CfList: &pb_lorawan.CFList{Freq: []uint32{867100000, 867300000, 867500000, 867700000, 867900000}},
			},
		}},
		ResponseTemplate: &pb_broker.DeviceActivationResponse{},
	})
	a.So(err, ShouldBeNil)
	devAddr := resp.ActivationMetadata.GetLorawan().DevAddr
	a.So(devAddr.IsEmpty(), ShouldBeFalse)
	a.So(devAddr[0]&254, ShouldEqual, 19<<1) // 7 MSB should be NetID

	var resPHY lorawan.PHYPayload
	resPHY.UnmarshalBinary(resp.ResponseTemplate.Payload)
	resMAC, _ := resPHY.MACPayload.(*lorawan.DataPayload)
	joinAccept := &lorawan.JoinAcceptPayload{}
	joinAccept.UnmarshalBinary(false, resMAC.Bytes)

	a.So(joinAccept.DevAddr[0]&254, ShouldEqual, 19<<1)
	a.So(*joinAccept.CFList, ShouldEqual, lorawan.CFList{867100000, 867300000, 867500000, 867700000, 867900000})
}

func TestHandleUplink(t *testing.T) {
	a := New(t)
	ns := &networkServer{
		devices: device.NewRedisDeviceStore(GetRedisClient(), "ns-test-handle-uplink"),
	}
	ns.InitStatus()

	appEUI := types.AppEUI(getEUI(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8))
	devEUI := types.DevEUI(getEUI(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8))
	devAddr := getDevAddr(1, 2, 3, 4)

	// Device Not Found
	message := &pb_broker.DeduplicatedUplinkMessage{
		AppEui:  &appEUI,
		DevEui:  &devEUI,
		Payload: []byte{},
	}
	_, err := ns.HandleUplink(message)
	a.So(err, ShouldNotBeNil)

	ns.devices.Set(&device.Device{
		DevAddr: devAddr,
		AppEUI:  appEUI,
		DevEUI:  devEUI,
	})
	defer func() {
		ns.devices.Delete(appEUI, devEUI)
	}()

	// Invalid Payload
	message = &pb_broker.DeduplicatedUplinkMessage{
		AppEui:  &appEUI,
		DevEui:  &devEUI,
		Payload: []byte{},
	}
	_, err = ns.HandleUplink(message)
	a.So(err, ShouldNotBeNil)

	phy := lorawan.PHYPayload{
		MHDR: lorawan.MHDR{
			MType: lorawan.UnconfirmedDataUp,
			Major: lorawan.LoRaWANR1,
		},
		MACPayload: &lorawan.MACPayload{
			FHDR: lorawan.FHDR{
				DevAddr: lorawan.DevAddr([4]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}),
				FCnt:    1,
				FCtrl: lorawan.FCtrl{
					ADR:       true,
					ADRACKReq: true,
				},
				FOpts: []lorawan.MACCommand{
					lorawan.MACCommand{CID: lorawan.LinkCheckReq},
				},
			},
		},
	}
	bytes, _ := phy.MarshalBinary()

	// Valid Uplink
	message = &pb_broker.DeduplicatedUplinkMessage{
		AppEui:           &appEUI,
		DevEui:           &devEUI,
		Payload:          bytes,
		ResponseTemplate: &pb_broker.DownlinkMessage{},
		GatewayMetadata: []*pb_gateway.RxMetadata{
			&pb_gateway.RxMetadata{},
		},
		ProtocolMetadata: &pb_protocol.RxMetadata{Protocol: &pb_protocol.RxMetadata_Lorawan{
			Lorawan: &pb_lorawan.Metadata{
				DataRate: "SF7BW125",
			},
		}},
	}
	res, err := ns.HandleUplink(message)
	a.So(err, ShouldBeNil)
	a.So(res.ResponseTemplate, ShouldNotBeNil)

	// LoRaWAN: Unmarshal
	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(res.ResponseTemplate.Payload)
	macPayload, _ := phyPayload.MACPayload.(*lorawan.MACPayload)

	// ResponseTemplate DevAddr should match
	a.So([4]byte(macPayload.FHDR.DevAddr), ShouldEqual, [4]byte(devAddr))

	// ResponseTemplate should ACK the ADRACKReq
	a.So(macPayload.FHDR.FCtrl.ACK, ShouldBeTrue)
	a.So(macPayload.FHDR.FOpts, ShouldHaveLength, 1)
	a.So(macPayload.FHDR.FOpts[0].Payload, ShouldResemble, &lorawan.LinkCheckAnsPayload{GwCnt: 1, Margin: 7})

	// Frame Counter should have been updated
	dev, _ := ns.devices.Get(appEUI, devEUI)
	a.So(dev.FCntUp, ShouldEqual, 1)
	a.So(time.Now().Sub(dev.LastSeen), ShouldBeLessThan, 1*time.Second)
}

func (b *broker) HandleActivation(activation *pb.DeviceActivationRequest) (res *pb.DeviceActivationResponse, err error) {
	ctx := b.Ctx.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"GatewayID": activation.GatewayMetadata.GatewayId,
		"AppEUI":    *activation.AppEui,
		"DevEUI":    *activation.DevEui,
	})
	start := time.Now()
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			ctx.WithError(err).Warn("Could not handle activation")
		} else {
			ctx.WithField("Duration", time.Now().Sub(start)).Info("Handled activation")
		}
	}()

	time := time.Now()

	b.status.activations.Mark(1)

	// De-duplicate uplink messages
	duplicates := b.deduplicateActivation(activation)
	if len(duplicates) == 0 {
		return nil, errDuplicateActivation
	}

	b.status.activationsUnique.Mark(1)

	base := duplicates[0]

	// Collect GatewayMetadata and DownlinkOptions
	var gatewayMetadata []*gateway.RxMetadata
	var downlinkOptions []*pb.DownlinkOption
	var deviceActivationResponse *pb.DeviceActivationResponse
	for _, duplicate := range duplicates {
		gatewayMetadata = append(gatewayMetadata, duplicate.GatewayMetadata)
		downlinkOptions = append(downlinkOptions, duplicate.DownlinkOptions...)
	}

	// Select best DownlinkOption
	if len(downlinkOptions) > 0 {
		deviceActivationResponse = &pb.DeviceActivationResponse{
			DownlinkOption: selectBestDownlink(downlinkOptions),
		}
	}

	// Build Uplink
	deduplicatedActivationRequest := &pb.DeduplicatedDeviceActivationRequest{
		Payload:            base.Payload,
		DevEui:             base.DevEui,
		AppEui:             base.AppEui,
		ProtocolMetadata:   base.ProtocolMetadata,
		GatewayMetadata:    gatewayMetadata,
		ActivationMetadata: base.ActivationMetadata,
		ServerTime:         time.UnixNano(),
		ResponseTemplate:   deviceActivationResponse,
	}

	// Send Activate to NS
	deduplicatedActivationRequest, err = b.ns.PrepareActivation(b.Component.GetContext(b.nsToken), deduplicatedActivationRequest)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, errors.Wrap(errors.FromGRPCError(err), "NetworkServer refused to prepare activation")
	}

	ctx = ctx.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"AppID": deduplicatedActivationRequest.AppId,
		"DevID": deduplicatedActivationRequest.DevId,
	})

	// Find Handler (based on AppEUI)
	var announcements []*pb_discovery.Announcement
	announcements, err = b.Discovery.GetAllHandlersForAppID(deduplicatedActivationRequest.AppId)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(announcements) == 0 {
		return nil, errors.NewErrNotFound(fmt.Sprintf("Handler for AppID %s", deduplicatedActivationRequest.AppId))
	}

	ctx = ctx.WithField("NumHandlers", len(announcements))

	// LoRaWAN: Unmarshal and prepare version without MIC
	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	err = phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(deduplicatedActivationRequest.Payload)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	correctMIC := phyPayload.MIC
	phyPayload.MIC = [4]byte{0, 0, 0, 0}
	phyPayloadWithoutMIC, err := phyPayload.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Build Challenge
	challenge := &pb.ActivationChallengeRequest{
		Payload: phyPayloadWithoutMIC,
		AppId:   deduplicatedActivationRequest.AppId,
		DevId:   deduplicatedActivationRequest.DevId,
		AppEui:  deduplicatedActivationRequest.AppEui,
		DevEui:  deduplicatedActivationRequest.DevEui,
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

func (b *broker) HandleUplink(uplink *pb.UplinkMessage) (err error) {
	ctx := b.Ctx.WithField("GatewayID", uplink.GatewayMetadata.GatewayId)
	start := time.Now()
	defer func() {
		if err != nil {
			ctx.WithError(err).Warn("Could not handle uplink")
		} else {
			ctx.WithField("Duration", time.Now().Sub(start)).Info("Handled uplink")
		}
	}()

	time := time.Now()

	b.status.uplink.Mark(1)

	// De-duplicate uplink messages
	duplicates := b.deduplicateUplink(uplink)
	if len(duplicates) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	b.status.uplinkUnique.Mark(1)

	ctx = ctx.WithField("Duplicates", len(duplicates))

	base := duplicates[0]

	if base.ProtocolMetadata.GetLorawan() == nil {
		return errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Uplink", "does not contain LoRaWAN metadata")
	}

	// LoRaWAN: Unmarshal
	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	err = phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(base.Payload)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	macPayload, ok := phyPayload.MACPayload.(*lorawan.MACPayload)
	if !ok {
		return errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Uplink", "does not contain a MAC payload")
	}

	// Request devices from NS
	devAddr := types.DevAddr(macPayload.FHDR.DevAddr)
	ctx = ctx.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"DevAddr": devAddr,
		"FCnt":    macPayload.FHDR.FCnt,
	})
	var getDevicesResp *networkserver.DevicesResponse
	getDevicesResp, err = b.ns.GetDevices(b.Component.GetContext(b.nsToken), &networkserver.DevicesRequest{
		DevAddr: &devAddr,
		FCnt:    macPayload.FHDR.FCnt,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(errors.FromGRPCError(err), "NetworkServer did not return devices")
	}
	b.status.deduplication.Update(int64(len(getDevicesResp.Results)))
	if len(getDevicesResp.Results) == 0 {
		return errors.NewErrNotFound(fmt.Sprintf("Device with DevAddr %s and FCnt <= %d", devAddr, macPayload.FHDR.FCnt))
	}
	ctx = ctx.WithField("DevAddrResults", len(getDevicesResp.Results))

	// Sort by FCntUp to optimize the number of MIC checks
	sort.Sort(ByFCntUp(getDevicesResp.Results))

	// Find AppEUI/DevEUI through MIC check
	var device *pb_lorawan.Device
	var micChecks int
	var originalFCnt uint32
	for _, candidate := range getDevicesResp.Results {
		nwkSKey := lorawan.AES128Key(*candidate.NwkSKey)

		// First check with the 16 bit counter
		micChecks++
		ok, err = phyPayload.ValidateMIC(nwkSKey)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if ok {
			device = candidate
			break
		}

		originalFCnt = macPayload.FHDR.FCnt
		if candidate.Uses32BitFCnt {
			macPayload.FHDR.FCnt = fcnt.GetFull(candidate.FCntUp, uint16(originalFCnt))

			// If 32 bit counter has different value, perform another MIC check
			if macPayload.FHDR.FCnt != originalFCnt {
				micChecks++
				ok, err = phyPayload.ValidateMIC(nwkSKey)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				if ok {
					device = candidate
					break
				}
			}
		}
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

func (h *handler) ConvertToLoRaWAN(ctx log.Interface, appDown *types.DownlinkMessage, ttnDown *pb_broker.DownlinkMessage) error {
	// Find Device
	dev, err := h.devices.Get(appDown.AppID, appDown.DevID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// LoRaWAN: Unmarshal Downlink
	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	err = phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(ttnDown.Payload)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	macPayload, ok := phyPayload.MACPayload.(*lorawan.MACPayload)
	if !ok {
		return errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Downlink", "does not contain a MAC payload")
	}
	if ttnDown.DownlinkOption != nil && ttnDown.DownlinkOption.ProtocolConfig.GetLorawan() != nil {
		macPayload.FHDR.FCnt = ttnDown.DownlinkOption.ProtocolConfig.GetLorawan().FCnt
	}

	// Abort when downlink not needed
	if len(appDown.PayloadRaw) == 0 && !macPayload.FHDR.FCtrl.ACK && len(macPayload.FHDR.FOpts) == 0 {
		return ErrNotNeeded
	}

	// Set FPort
	if appDown.FPort != 0 {
		macPayload.FPort = &appDown.FPort
	}

	// Set Payload
	if len(appDown.PayloadRaw) > 0 {
		macPayload.FRMPayload = []lorawan.Payload{&lorawan.DataPayload{Bytes: appDown.PayloadRaw}}
		if macPayload.FPort == nil || *macPayload.FPort == 0 {
			macPayload.FPort = pointer.Uint8(1)
		}
	} else {
		macPayload.FRMPayload = []lorawan.Payload{}
	}

	// Encrypt
	err = phyPayload.EncryptFRMPayload(lorawan.AES128Key(dev.AppSKey))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Set MIC
	err = phyPayload.SetMIC(lorawan.AES128Key(dev.NwkSKey))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Marshal
	phyPayloadBytes, err := phyPayload.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	ttnDown.Payload = phyPayloadBytes

	return nil
}

func (h *handler) ConvertFromLoRaWAN(ctx log.Interface, ttnUp *pb_broker.DeduplicatedUplinkMessage, appUp *types.UplinkMessage) error {
	// Find Device
	dev, err := h.devices.Get(ttnUp.AppId, ttnUp.DevId)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Check for LoRaWAN
	if lorawan := ttnUp.ProtocolMetadata.GetLorawan(); lorawan == nil {
		return errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Activation", "does not contain LoRaWAN metadata")
	}

	// LoRaWAN: Unmarshal Uplink
	var phyPayload lorawan.PHYPayload
	err = phyPayload.UnmarshalBinary(ttnUp.Payload)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	macPayload, ok := phyPayload.MACPayload.(*lorawan.MACPayload)
	if !ok {
		return errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Uplink", "does not contain a MAC payload")
	}
	macPayload.FHDR.FCnt = ttnUp.ProtocolMetadata.GetLorawan().FCnt
	appUp.FCnt = macPayload.FHDR.FCnt

	ctx = ctx.WithField("FCnt", appUp.FCnt)

	// LoRaWAN: Validate MIC
	ok, err = phyPayload.ValidateMIC(lorawan.AES128Key(dev.NwkSKey))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !ok {
		return errors.NewErrNotFound("device that validates MIC")
	}

	// LoRaWAN: Decrypt
	if macPayload.FPort != nil && *macPayload.FPort != 0 && len(macPayload.FRMPayload) == 1 {
		appUp.FPort = *macPayload.FPort
		ctx = ctx.WithField("FCnt", appUp.FPort)
		if err := phyPayload.DecryptFRMPayload(lorawan.AES128Key(dev.AppSKey)); err != nil {
			return errors.NewErrInternal("Could not decrypt payload")
		}
		if len(macPayload.FRMPayload) == 1 {
			payload, ok := macPayload.FRMPayload[0].(*lorawan.DataPayload)
			if !ok {
				return errors.NewErrInvalidArgument("Uplink FRMPayload", "must be of type *lorawan.DataPayload")
			}
			appUp.PayloadRaw = payload.Bytes
		}
	}

	// LoRaWAN: Publish ACKs as events
	if macPayload.FHDR.FCtrl.ACK {
		h.mqttEvent <- &types.DeviceEvent{
			AppID: appUp.AppID,
			DevID: appUp.DevID,
			Event: types.DownlinkAckEvent,
		}
	}

	return nil
}