C++ vector::erase()用法及代码示例

C++ vector::erase() 函数

vector::erase() 是 "vector" 头文件的库函数，用于从向量中擦除/删除元素，它可以从指定的迭代器位置删除一个元素或删除一系列元素。

注意：要使用矢量，请包括<vector>标题。

vector::erase() 函数的语法

    //remove one element
    vector::erase(iterator position);

    //remove a range of elements
    vector::erase(iterator start_position, iterator end_position);

参数：

如果删除一个元素：position– 是一个迭代器位置，需要从中删除元素。

在删除一系列元素的情况下：start_position, end_position– 是需要删除元素的开始和结束迭代器位置。

返回值： iterator– 它返回一个迭代器，指向由 vector::erase() 函数擦除的最后一个元素后跟的元素。

例：

    Input:
    vector<int> v1{10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
    
    //removing one element
    v1.erase(v1.begin() + 2); //removes 2nd index element

    //removing a range of  elements
    v1.erase(v1.begin() + 1, v1.begin() + 3); //removes 1,2 index elements

    Output:
    //if we print the values
    v1:10 50

C++程序演示vector::erase()函数的例子

//C++ STL program to demonstrate example of
//vector::erase() function

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    //vector declaration
    vector<int> v1{ 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };

    //printing elements
    cout << "v1:";
    for (int x:v1)
        cout << x << " ";
    cout << endl;

    //removing one element
    v1.erase(v1.begin() + 2); //removes 2nd index element

    //printing elements after remove one element
    cout << "After removing one element..." << endl;
    cout << "v1:";
    for (int x:v1)
        cout << x << " ";
    cout << endl;

    //removing a range of  elements
    v1.erase(v1.begin() + 1, v1.begin() + 3); //removes 1,2 index elements

    //printing elements after remove one element
    cout << "After removing a range of elements..." << endl;
    cout << "v1:";
    for (int x:v1)
        cout << x << " ";
    cout << endl;

    return 0;
}

输出

v1:10 20 30 40 50
After removing one element...
v1:10 20 40 50
After removing a range of elements...
v1:10 50

参考：C++ vector::erase()