Python Set symmetric_difference()用法及代码示例

Python Set的此内置函数可帮助我们获取两个集合之间的对称差，该差等于两个集合中任一集合中存在的元素，但并非这两个集合共有。让我们看一下两组之间的symmetric_difference的维恩图。

对称差异标记为绿色

如果存在set_A和set_B，则它们之间的对称差将等于set_A和set_B的并集，而两者之间没有交集。

// Takes a single parameter that has to be 
// a set and returns a new set which is the 
// symmetric difference between the two sets.
set_A.symmetric_difference(set_B)

例子：

Input:set_A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
       set_B = {6, 7, 3, 9, 4}
Output: {1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9}
Explanation:The common elements {3, 4} 
are discarded from the output.

Input:
set_A = {"ram", "rahim", "ajay", "rishav", "aakash"}
set_B = {"aakash", "ajay", "shyam", "ram", "ravi"}
Output:{"rahim", "rishav", "shyam", "ravi"}

Explanation:The common elements {"ram", "ajay", 
"aakash"} are discarded from the final set

在此程序中，我们将尝试找出两组之间的对称差：

# Python code to find the symmetric_difference 
# Use of symmetric_difference() method 
  
set_A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} 
set_B = {6, 7, 3, 9, 4} 
print(set_A.symmetric_difference(set_B))

输出：

{1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9}

还有另一种方法，通过使用运算符“ ^”来获得两组之间的对称差。例：

# Python code to find the Symmetric difference 
# using ^ operator. 
  
# Driver Code 
set_A = {"ram", "rahim", "ajay", "rishav", "aakash"} 
set_B = {"aakash", "ajay", "shyam", "ram", "ravi"} 
print(set_A ^ set_B)

输出：

{'shyam', 'ravi', 'rahim', 'rishav'}

# One more example Python code to find  
# the symmetric_difference use of  
# symmetric_difference() method 
  
A = {'p', 'a', 'w', 'a', 'n'} 
B = {'r', 'a', 'o', 'n', 'e'} 
C = {} 
  
print(A.symmetric_difference(B)) 
print(B.symmetric_difference(A)) 
  
print(A.symmetric_difference(C)) 
print(B.symmetric_difference(C)) 
  
# this example is contributed by sunny6041

输出：

set(['e', 'o', 'p', 'r', 'w'])
set(['e', 'o', 'p', 'r', 'w'])
set(['a', 'p', 'w', 'n'])
set(['a', 'r', 'e', 'o', 'n'])