Python中的OS模块提供了与操作系统进行交互的函数。操作系统属于Python的标准实用程序模块。该模块提供了使用依赖于操作系统的函数的便携式方法。
os.ttyname()
Python中的方法用于获取与指定文件描述符关联的终端设备。
文件描述符是小整数值,与文件或其他输入/输出资源(例如管道或网络套接字)相对应。它是资源的抽象指示器,并充当执行各种较低级别I /O操作(如读取,写入,发送等)的句柄。
例如:标准输入通常是值为0的文件描述符,标准输出通常是值为1的文件描述符,标准错误通常是值为2的文件描述符。这些文件描述符即0(stdin),1(stdout)和2(stderr)为我们的程序使用的标准文件描述符。当前进程打开的其他文件将获得值3、4、5,依此类推。
注意:此方法仅在UNIX平台上可用,并且如果指定的文件描述符未与任何终端设备关联,则会引发异常。
用法: os.ttyname(fd)
参数:
fd:文件描述符
返回类型:此方法返回一个字符串值,该值表示与指定文件描述符fd相关联的终端设备。
代码1:使用os.ttyname()方法来获取与文件描述符关联的终端设备。
# Python program to explain os.ttyname() method
# importing os module
import os
# Standard file descriptors
# i.e 0 (stdin), 1 (stdout), and 2 (stderr)
# are used by our program
# Get the terminal device
# associated with these file descriptor
print("Terminal device associated with:")
print("Standard input:", os.ttyname(0))
print("Standard output:", os.ttyname(1))
print("standard error", os.ttyname(2))
# Open a new pseudo-terminal pair
# using os.openpty() method
# It will return master and slave
# file descriptor for
# pty ( pseudo terminal device) and
# tty ( native terminal device) respectively
master, slave = os.openpty()
# Get the terminal device
# associated with these file descriptor
print("Master:", os.ttyname(master))
print("Slave:", os.ttyname(slave))
输出:
Terminal device associated with: Standard input: /dev/pts/0 Standard output: /dev/pts/0 standard error /dev/pts/0 Master: /dev/ptmx Slave: /dev/pts/1
代码2:如果指定的文件描述符未与任何终端设备关联
# Python program to explain os.ttyname() method
# importing os module
import os
# If the specified file descriptor
# is not associated with any
# terminal device, then an exception
# will be raised. For example:
# Create a pipe using os.pipe() method
# It will return a pair of
# file descriptors (r, w) usable for
# reading and writing, respectively.
r, w = os.pipe()
# Get the terminal device associated
# with the file descriptor r or w
print(os.ttyname(r))
输出:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "getTerminalDevice.py", line 20, in print(os.ttyname(r)) OSError: [Errno 25] Inappropriate ioctl for device
代码3:处理上述引发的异常的方法
# Python program to explain os.ttyname() method
# importing os module
import os
# Create a pipe using os.pipe() method
# It will return a pair of
# file descriptors (r, w) usable for
# reading and writing, respectively.
r, w = os.pipe()
# Method 1
# (using exception handling technique)
# Try to get the terminal device associated
# with the file descriptor r or w
try :
print(os.ttyname(r))
except OSError as error :
print(error)
print("File descriptor is not associated with any terminal device")
# Method 2
# using os.isatty() method
# check first if the file descriptor w
# is associated with a tty(-like) device or not
# if it is then only get the terminal
# device associated with it
if os.isatty(w) :
print(os.ttyname(w))
else :
print("File descriptor is not associated with any terminal device")
输出:
[Errno 25] Inappropriate ioctl for device File descriptor is not associated with any terminal device File descriptor is not associated with any terminal device
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注:本文由纯净天空筛选整理自ihritik大神的英文原创作品 Python | os.ttyname() method。非经特殊声明,原始代码版权归原作者所有,本译文未经允许或授权,请勿转载或复制。