PHP String::trimPunctuation方法代码示例

 /**
  * @covers String::trimPunctuation
  */
 public function testTrimPunctuation()
 {
     $trimmedChars = array(' ', ',', '.', ';', ':', '!', '?', '(', ')', '[', ']', '\\', '/');
     foreach ($trimmedChars as $trimmedChar) {
         self::assertEquals('trim.med', String::trimPunctuation($trimmedChar . 'trim.med' . $trimmedChar));
     }
 }

 /**
  * @see Filter::process()
  * @param $isbn string
  * @return MetadataDescription a looked up citation description
  *  or null if the filter fails
  */
 function &process($isbn)
 {
     $nullVar = null;
     // Instantiate the web service request
     $lookupParams = array('access_key' => $this->getApiKey(), 'index1' => 'isbn', 'results' => 'details,authors', 'value1' => $isbn);
     // Call the web service
     if (is_null($resultDOM =& $this->callWebService(ISBNDB_WEBSERVICE_URL, $lookupParams))) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     // Transform and pre-process the web service result
     if (is_null($metadata =& $this->transformWebServiceResults($resultDOM, dirname(__FILE__) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'isbndb.xsl'))) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     // Extract place and publisher from the combined entry.
     $metadata['publisher-loc'] = String::trimPunctuation(String::regexp_replace('/^(.+):.*/', '\\1', $metadata['place-publisher']));
     $metadata['publisher-name'] = String::trimPunctuation(String::regexp_replace('/.*:([^,]+),?.*/', '\\1', $metadata['place-publisher']));
     unset($metadata['place-publisher']);
     // Reformat the publication date
     $metadata['date'] = String::regexp_replace('/^[^\\d{4}]+(\\d{4}).*/', '\\1', $metadata['date']);
     // Clean non-numerics from ISBN
     $metadata['isbn'] = String::regexp_replace('/[^\\dX]*/', '', $isbn);
     // Set the publicationType
     $metadata['[@publication-type]'] = NLM_PUBLICATION_TYPE_BOOK;
     return $this->getNlmCitationDescriptionFromMetadataArray($metadata);
 }

 /**
  * Converts a string with a single person
  * to an NLM name description.
  *
  * TODO: add initials from all given names to initials
  *       element
  *
  * @param $personString string
  * @param $title boolean true to parse for title
  * @param $degrees boolean true to parse for degrees
  * @return MetadataDescription an NLM name description or null
  *  if the string could not be converted
  */
 function &_parsePersonString($personString, $title, $degrees)
 {
     // Expressions to parse person strings, ported from CiteULike person
     // plugin, see http://svn.citeulike.org/svn/plugins/person.tcl
     static $personRegex = array('title' => '(?:His (?:Excellency|Honou?r)\\s+|Her (?:Excellency|Honou?r)\\s+|The Right Honou?rable\\s+|The Honou?rable\\s+|Right Honou?rable\\s+|The Rt\\.? Hon\\.?\\s+|The Hon\\.?\\s+|Rt\\.? Hon\\.?\\s+|Mr\\.?\\s+|Ms\\.?\\s+|M\\/s\\.?\\s+|Mrs\\.?\\s+|Miss\\.?\\s+|Dr\\.?\\s+|Sir\\s+|Dame\\s+|Prof\\.?\\s+|Professor\\s+|Doctor\\s+|Mister\\s+|Mme\\.?\\s+|Mast(?:\\.|er)?\\s+|Lord\\s+|Lady\\s+|Madam(?:e)?\\s+|Priv\\.-Doz\\.\\s+)+', 'degrees' => '(,\\s+(?:[A-Z\\.]+))+', 'initials' => '(?:(?:[A-Z]\\.){1,3}[A-Z]\\.?)|(?:(?:[A-Z]\\.\\s){1,3}[A-Z]\\.?)|(?:[A-Z]{1,4})|(?:(?:[A-Z]\\.-?){1,4})|(?:(?:[A-Z]\\.-?){1,3}[A-Z]\\.?)|(?:(?:[A-Z]-){1,3}[A-Z])|(?:(?:[A-Z]\\s){1,3}[A-Z]\\.?)|(?:(?:[A-Z]-){1,3}[A-Z]\\.?)', 'prefix' => 'Dell(?:[a|e])?(?:\\s|$)|Dalle(?:\\s|$)|D[a|e]ll\'(?:\\s|$)|Dela(?:\\s|$)|Del(?:\\s|$)|[Dd]e(?:\\s|$)(?:La(?:\\s|$)|Los(?:\\s|$))?|[Dd]e(?:\\s|$)|[Dd][a|i|u](?:\\s|$)|L[a|e|o](?:\\s|$)|[D|L|O]\'|St\\.?(?:\\s|$)|San(?:\\s|$)|[Dd]en(?:\\s|$)|[Vv]on(?:\\s|$)(?:[Dd]er(?:\\s|$))?|(?:[Ll][ea](?:\\s|$))?[Vv]an(?:\\s|$)(?:[Dd]e(?:n|r)?(?:\\s|$))?', 'givenName' => '(?:[^ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v,.;()]{2,}|[^ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v,.;()]{2,}\\-[^ \\t\\n\\r\\f\\v,.;()]{2,})');
     // The expressions for given name, suffix and surname are the same
     $personRegex['surname'] = $personRegex['suffix'] = $personRegex['givenName'];
     $personRegex['double-surname'] = "(?:" . $personRegex['surname'] . "\\s)*" . $personRegex['surname'];
     // Shortcut for prefixed surname
     $personRegexPrefixedSurname = "(?P<prefix>(?:" . $personRegex['prefix'] . ")?)(?P<surname>" . $personRegex['surname'] . ")";
     $personRegexPrefixedDoubleSurname = "(?P<prefix>(?:" . $personRegex['prefix'] . ")?)(?P<surname>" . $personRegex['double-surname'] . ")";
     // Instantiate the target person description
     $personDescription = new MetadataDescription('lib.pkp.plugins.metadata.nlm30.schema.Nlm30NameSchema', $this->_assocType);
     // Clean the person string
     $personString = trim($personString);
     // 1. Extract title and degree from the person string and use this as suffix
     $suffixString = '';
     $results = array();
     if ($title && String::regexp_match_get('/^(' . $personRegex['title'] . ')/i', $personString, $results)) {
         $suffixString = trim($results[1], ',:; ');
         $personString = String::regexp_replace('/^(' . $personRegex['title'] . ')/i', '', $personString);
     }
     if ($degrees && String::regexp_match_get('/(' . $personRegex['degrees'] . ')$/i', $personString, $results)) {
         $degreesArray = explode(',', trim($results[1], ','));
         foreach ($degreesArray as $key => $degree) {
             $degreesArray[$key] = String::trimPunctuation($degree);
         }
         $suffixString .= ' - ' . implode('; ', $degreesArray);
         $personString = String::regexp_replace('/(' . $personRegex['degrees'] . ')$/i', '', $personString);
     }
     if (!empty($suffixString)) {
         $personDescription->addStatement('suffix', $suffixString);
     }
     // Space initials when followed by a given name or last name.
     $personString = String::regexp_replace('/([A-Z])\\.([A-Z][a-z])/', '\\1. \\2', $personString);
     // 2. Extract names and initials from the person string
     // The parser expressions are ordered by specificity. The most specific expressions
     // come first. Only if these specific expressions don't work will we turn to less
     // specific ones. This avoids parsing errors. It also explains why we don't use the
     // ?-quantifier for optional elements like initials or middle name where they could
     // be misinterpreted.
     $personExpressions = array('/^' . $personRegexPrefixedSurname . '$/i', '/^(?P<initials>' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')\\s' . $personRegexPrefixedSurname . '$/', '/^' . $personRegexPrefixedSurname . ',?\\s(?P<initials>' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')$/', '/^' . $personRegexPrefixedDoubleSurname . ',\\s(?P<givenName>' . $personRegex['givenName'] . ')\\s(?P<initials>' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')$/', '/^(?P<givenName>' . $personRegex['givenName'] . ')\\s(?P<initials>' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')\\s' . $personRegexPrefixedSurname . '$/', '/^' . $personRegexPrefixedDoubleSurname . ',\\s(?P<givenName>(?:' . $personRegex['givenName'] . '\\s)+)(?P<initials>' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')$/', '/^(?P<givenName>(?:' . $personRegex['givenName'] . '\\s)+)(?P<initials>' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')\\s' . $personRegexPrefixedSurname . '$/', '/^' . $personRegexPrefixedDoubleSurname . ',(?P<givenName>(?:\\s' . $personRegex['givenName'] . ')+)$/', '/^(?P<givenName>(?:' . $personRegex['givenName'] . '\\s)+)' . $personRegexPrefixedSurname . '$/', '/^\\s*(?P<surname>' . $personRegex['surname'] . ')(?P<suffix>(?:\\s+' . $personRegex['suffix'] . ')?)\\s*,\\s*(?P<initials>(?:' . $personRegex['initials'] . ')?)\\s*\\((?P<givenName>(?:\\s*' . $personRegex['givenName'] . ')+)\\s*\\)\\s*(?P<prefix>(?:' . $personRegex['prefix'] . ')?)$/', '/^(?P<givenName>' . $personRegex['givenName'] . ')\\.(?P<surname>' . $personRegex['double-surname'] . ')$/', '/^(?P<surname>.*)$/');
     $results = array();
     foreach ($personExpressions as $expressionId => $personExpression) {
         if ($nameFound = String::regexp_match_get($personExpression, $personString, $results)) {
             // Given names
             if (!empty($results['givenName'])) {
                 // Split given names
                 $givenNames = explode(' ', trim($results['givenName']));
                 foreach ($givenNames as $givenName) {
                     $personDescription->addStatement('given-names', $givenName);
                     unset($givenName);
                 }
             }
             // Initials (will also be saved as given names)
             if (!empty($results['initials'])) {
                 $results['initials'] = str_replace(array('.', '-', ' '), array('', '', ''), $results['initials']);
                 for ($initialNum = 0; $initialNum < String::strlen($results['initials']); $initialNum++) {
                     $initial = $results['initials'][$initialNum];
                     $personDescription->addStatement('given-names', $initial);
                     unset($initial);
                 }
             }
             // Surname
             if (!empty($results['surname'])) {
                 // Correct all-upper surname
                 if (strtoupper($results['surname']) == $results['surname']) {
                     $results['surname'] = ucwords(strtolower($results['surname']));
                 }
                 $personDescription->addStatement('surname', $results['surname']);
             }
             // Prefix/Suffix
             foreach (array('prefix', 'suffix') as $propertyName) {
                 if (!empty($results[$propertyName])) {
                     $results[$propertyName] = trim($results[$propertyName]);
                     $personDescription->addStatement($propertyName, $results[$propertyName]);
                 }
             }
             break;
         }
     }
     return $personDescription;
 }

 /**
  * @see Filter::process()
  * @param $citationString string
  * @return MetadataDescription
  */
 function &process($citationString)
 {
     $nullVar = null;
     // Check the availability of perl
     $perlCommand = Config::getVar('cli', 'perl');
     if (empty($perlCommand) || !file_exists($perlCommand)) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     // Convert to ASCII - Paracite doesn't handle UTF-8 well
     $citationString = String::utf8_to_ascii($citationString);
     // Call the paracite parser
     $wrapperScript = dirname(__FILE__) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'paracite.pl';
     $paraciteCommand = $perlCommand . ' ' . escapeshellarg($wrapperScript) . ' ' . $this->getCitationModule() . ' ' . escapeshellarg($citationString);
     $xmlResult = shell_exec($paraciteCommand);
     if (empty($xmlResult)) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     if (Config::getVar('i18n', 'charset_normalization') == 'On' && !String::utf8_compliant($xmlResult)) {
         $xmlResult = String::utf8_normalize($xmlResult);
     }
     // Create a temporary DOM document
     $resultDOM = new DOMDocument();
     $resultDOM->recover = true;
     $resultDOM->loadXML($xmlResult);
     // Extract the parser results as an array
     $xmlHelper = new XMLHelper();
     $metadata = $xmlHelper->xmlToArray($resultDOM->documentElement);
     // We have to merge subtitle and title as neither OpenURL
     // nor NLM can handle subtitles.
     if (isset($metadata['subtitle'])) {
         $metadata['title'] .= '. ' . $metadata['subtitle'];
         unset($metadata['subtitle']);
     }
     // Break up the authors field
     if (isset($metadata['authors'])) {
         $metadata['authors'] = String::trimPunctuation($metadata['authors']);
         $metadata['authors'] = String::iterativeExplode(array(':', ';'), $metadata['authors']);
     }
     // Convert pages to integers
     foreach (array('spage', 'epage') as $pageProperty) {
         if (isset($metadata[$pageProperty])) {
             $metadata[$pageProperty] = (int) $metadata[$pageProperty];
         }
     }
     // Convert titles to title case
     foreach (array('title', 'chapter', 'publication') as $titleProperty) {
         if (isset($metadata[$titleProperty])) {
             $metadata[$titleProperty] = String::titleCase($metadata[$titleProperty]);
         }
     }
     // Map ParaCite results to OpenURL - null means
     // throw the value away.
     $metadataMapping = array('genre' => 'genre', '_class' => null, 'any' => null, 'authors' => 'au', 'aufirst' => 'aufirst', 'aufull' => null, 'auinit' => 'auinit', 'aulast' => 'aulast', 'atitle' => 'atitle', 'cappublication' => null, 'captitle' => null, 'date' => 'date', 'epage' => 'epage', 'featureID' => null, 'id' => null, 'issue' => 'issue', 'jnl_epos' => null, 'jnl_spos' => null, 'match' => null, 'marked' => null, 'num_of_fig' => null, 'pages' => 'pages', 'publisher' => 'pub', 'publoc' => 'place', 'ref' => null, 'rest_text' => null, 'spage' => 'spage', 'targetURL' => 'url', 'text' => null, 'ucpublication' => null, 'uctitle' => null, 'volume' => 'volume', 'year' => 'date');
     // Ignore 'year' if 'date' is set
     if (isset($metadata['date'])) {
         $metadataMapping['year'] = null;
     }
     // Set default genre
     if (empty($metadata['genre'])) {
         $metadata['genre'] = OPENURL_GENRE_ARTICLE;
     }
     // Handle title, chapter and publication depending on
     // the (inferred) genre. Also instantiate the target schema.
     switch ($metadata['genre']) {
         case OPENURL_GENRE_BOOK:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_BOOKITEM:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_REPORT:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_DOCUMENT:
             $metadataMapping += array('publication' => 'btitle', 'chapter' => 'atitle');
             if (isset($metadata['title'])) {
                 if (!isset($metadata['publication'])) {
                     $metadata['publication'] = $metadata['title'];
                 } elseif (!isset($metadata['chapter'])) {
                     $metadata['chapter'] = $metadata['title'];
                 }
                 unset($metadata['title']);
             }
             $openUrlSchemaName = 'lib.pkp.classes.metadata.openurl.OpenUrlBookSchema';
             $openUrlSchemaClass = 'OpenUrlBookSchema';
             break;
         case OPENURL_GENRE_ARTICLE:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_JOURNAL:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_ISSUE:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_CONFERENCE:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_PROCEEDING:
         case OPENURL_GENRE_PREPRINT:
         default:
             $metadataMapping += array('publication' => 'jtitle');
             if (isset($metadata['title'])) {
                 if (!isset($metadata['publication'])) {
                     $metadata['publication'] = $metadata['title'];
                 } elseif (!isset($metadata['atitle'])) {
                     $metadata['atitle'] = $metadata['title'];
                 }
                 unset($metadata['title']);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

 /**
  * Fills the given citation object with
  * meta-data retrieved from PubMed.
  * @param $pmid string
  * @param $citationDescription MetadataDescription
  * @return MetadataDescription
  */
 function &_lookup($pmid, &$citationDescription)
 {
     $nullVar = null;
     // Use eFetch to get XML metadata for the given PMID
     $lookupParams = array('db' => 'pubmed', 'mode' => 'xml', 'tool' => 'pkp-wal', 'id' => $pmid);
     if (!is_null($this->getEmail())) {
         $lookupParams['email'] = $this->getEmail();
     }
     // Call the eFetch URL and get an XML result
     if (is_null($resultDOM = $this->callWebService(PUBMED_WEBSERVICE_EFETCH, $lookupParams))) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     $metadata = array('pub-id[@pub-id-type="pmid"]' => $pmid, 'article-title' => $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleTitle")->item(0)->textContent, 'source' => $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("MedlineTA")->item(0)->textContent);
     if ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Volume")->length > 0) {
         $metadata['volume'] = $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Volume")->item(0)->textContent;
     }
     if ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Issue")->length > 0) {
         $metadata['issue'] = $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Issue")->item(0)->textContent;
     }
     // get list of author full names
     $nlmNameSchema = new NlmNameSchema();
     foreach ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Author") as $authorNode) {
         if (!isset($metadata['person-group[@person-group-type="author"]'])) {
             $metadata['person-group[@person-group-type="author"]'] = array();
         }
         // Instantiate an NLM name description
         $authorDescription = new MetadataDescription($nlmNameSchema, ASSOC_TYPE_AUTHOR);
         // Surname
         $authorDescription->addStatement('surname', $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("LastName")->item(0)->textContent);
         // Given names
         $givenNamesString = '';
         if ($authorNode->getElementsByTagName("FirstName")->length > 0) {
             $givenNamesString = $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("FirstName")->item(0)->textContent;
         } elseif ($authorNode->getElementsByTagName("ForeName")->length > 0) {
             $givenNamesString = $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("ForeName")->item(0)->textContent;
         }
         if (!empty($givenNamesString)) {
             foreach (explode(' ', $givenNamesString) as $givenName) {
                 $authorDescription->addStatement('given-names', String::trimPunctuation($givenName));
             }
         }
         // Suffix
         if ($authorNode->getElementsByTagName("Suffix")->length > 0) {
             $authorDescription->addStatement('suffix', $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("Suffix")->item(0)->textContent);
         }
         // Include collective names
         /*if ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("CollectiveName")->length > 0 && $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("CollectiveName")->item(0)->textContent != '') {
         			// FIXME: This corresponds to an NLM-citation <collab> tag and should be part of the Metadata implementation
         		}*/
         $metadata['person-group[@person-group-type="author"]'][] =& $authorDescription;
         unset($authorDescription);
     }
     // Extract pagination
     if (String::regexp_match_get("/^[:p\\.\\s]*(?P<fpage>[Ee]?\\d+)(-(?P<lpage>\\d+))?/", $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("MedlinePgn")->item(0)->textContent, $pages)) {
         $fPage = (int) $pages['fpage'];
         $metadata['fpage'] = $fPage;
         if (!empty($pages['lpage'])) {
             $lPage = (int) $pages['lpage'];
             // Deal with shortcuts like '382-7'
             if ($lPage < $fPage) {
                 $lPage = (int) (String::substr($pages['fpage'], 0, -String::strlen($pages['lpage'])) . $pages['lpage']);
             }
             $metadata['lpage'] = $lPage;
         }
     }
     // Get publication date
     // TODO: The publication date could be in multiple places
     if ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleDate")->length > 0) {
         $publicationDate = $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleDate")->item(0)->getElementsByTagName("Year")->item(0)->textContent . '-' . $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleDate")->item(0)->getElementsByTagName("Month")->item(0)->textContent . '-' . $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleDate")->item(0)->getElementsByTagName("Day")->item(0)->textContent;
         $metadata['date'] = $publicationDate;
     }
     // Get publication type
     if ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("PublicationType")->length > 0) {
         foreach ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("PublicationType") as $publicationType) {
             // The vast majority of items on PubMed are articles so catch these...
             if (String::strpos(String::strtolower($publicationType->textContent), 'article') !== false) {
                 $metadata['[@publication-type]'] = NLM_PUBLICATION_TYPE_JOURNAL;
                 break;
             }
         }
     }
     // Get DOI if it exists
     foreach ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleId") as $idNode) {
         if ($idNode->getAttribute('IdType') == 'doi') {
             $metadata['pub-id[@pub-id-type="doi"]'] = $idNode->textContent;
         }
     }
     // Use eLink utility to find fulltext links
     $lookupParams = array('dbfrom' => 'pubmed', 'cmd' => 'llinks', 'tool' => 'pkp-wal', 'id' => $pmid);
     if (!is_null($resultDOM = $this->callWebService(PUBMED_WEBSERVICE_ELINK, $lookupParams))) {
         // Get a list of possible links
         foreach ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ObjUrl") as $linkOut) {
             $attributes = '';
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
             if (String::regexp_match_get($pmIdExpression, $matches[1], $pmIdMatches)) {
                 $metadata['pub-id[@pub-id-type="pmid"]'] = $pmIdMatches['pmId'];
                 break;
             }
         }
     }
     // Parse out an embedded PMID and remove from the citation string
     $pmidPattern = '/pmid:?\\s*(\\d+)/i';
     if (String::regexp_match_get($pmidPattern, $citationString, $matches)) {
         $metadata['pub-id[@pub-id-type="pmid"]'] = $matches[1];
         $citationString = String::regexp_replace($pmidPattern, '', $citationString);
     }
     // Parse out an embedded DOI and remove it from the citation string
     $doiPattern = '/doi:?\\s*(\\S+)/i';
     if (String::regexp_match_get($doiPattern, $citationString, $matches)) {
         $metadata['pub-id[@pub-id-type="doi"]'] = $matches[1];
         $citationString = String::regexp_replace($doiPattern, '', $citationString);
     }
     // Parse out the access date if we have one and remove it from the citation string
     $accessDatePattern = '/accessed:?\\s*([\\s\\w]+)/i';
     if (String::regexp_match_get($accessDatePattern, $citationString, $matches)) {
         $metadata['access-date'] = $matches[1];
         $citationString = String::regexp_replace($accessDatePattern, '', $citationString);
     }
     // Clean out square brackets
     $citationString = String::regexp_replace('/\\[(\\s*(pubmed|medline|full text)\\s*)*]/i', '', $citationString);
     // Book citation
     $unparsedTail = '';
     if (String::regexp_match_get("/\\s*(?P<authors>[^\\.]+)\\.\\s*(?P<source>.*?)\\s*(?P<publisherLoc>[^\\.]*):\\s*(?P<publisherName>[^:]*?);\\s*(?P<date>\\d\\d\\d\\d.*?)(?P<tail>.*)/", $citationString, $matches)) {
         $metadata['[@publication-type]'] = NLM30_PUBLICATION_TYPE_BOOK;
         $metadata['author'] = $matches['authors'];
         $metadata['source'] = $matches['source'];
         $metadata['publisher-loc'] = $matches['publisherLoc'];
         $metadata['publisher-name'] = $matches['publisherName'];
         $metadata['date'] = $matches['date'];
         $unparsedTail = $matches['tail'];
         // Journal citation
     } elseif (String::regexp_match_get("/\\s*(?P<authors>[^\\.]+)\\.\\s*(?P<titleSource>.*)\\s*(?P<date>\\d\\d\\d\\d.*?);(?P<volumeAndIssue>[^:]+):(?P<tail>.*)/", $citationString, $matches)) {
         $metadata['[@publication-type]'] = NLM30_PUBLICATION_TYPE_JOURNAL;
         $metadata['author'] = $matches['authors'];
         $titleSource = array();
         if (String::regexp_match_get("/(.*[\\.!\\?])(.*)/", trim($matches['titleSource'], " ."), $titleSource)) {
             $metadata['article-title'] = $titleSource[1];
             $metadata['source'] = $titleSource[2];
         }
         $metadata['date'] = $matches['date'];
         $volumeAndIssue = array();
         if (String::regexp_match_get("/([^\\(]+)(\\(([^\\)]+)\\))?/", $matches['volumeAndIssue'], $volumeAndIssue)) {
             $metadata['volume'] = $volumeAndIssue[1];
             if (isset($volumeAndIssue[3])) {
                 $metadata['issue'] = $volumeAndIssue[3];
             }
         }
         $unparsedTail = $matches['tail'];
         // Web citation with or without authors
     } elseif (String::regexp_match_get("/\\s*(?P<citationSource>.*?)\\s*URL:\\s*(?P<tail>.*)/", $citationString, $matches)) {
         $unparsedTail = $matches['tail'];
         $citationParts = explode(".", trim($matches['citationSource'], '. '));
         switch (count($citationParts)) {
             case 0:
                 // This case should never occur...
                 assert(false);
                 break;
             case 1:
                 // Assume this to be a title for the web site.
                 $metadata['article-title'] = $citationParts[0];
                 break;
             case 2:
                 // Assume the format: Authors. Title.
                 $metadata['author'] = $citationParts[0];
                 $metadata['article-title'] = $citationParts[1];
                 break;
             default:
                 // Assume the format: Authors. Article Title. Journal Title.
                 $metadata['author'] = array_shift($citationParts);
                 // The last part is assumed to be the journal title
                 $metadata['source'] = array_pop($citationParts);
                 // Everything in between is assumed to belong to the article title
                 $metadata['article-title'] = implode('.', $citationParts);
         }
     }
     // TODO: Handle in-ref titles, eg. with editor lists
     // Extract page numbers if possible
     $pagesPattern = "/^[:p\\.\\s]*(?P<fpage>[Ee]?\\d+)(-(?P<lpage>\\d+))?/";
     if (!empty($unparsedTail) && String::regexp_match_get($pagesPattern, $unparsedTail, $matches)) {
         $metadata['fpage'] = $matches['fpage'];
         if (isset($matches['lpage'])) {
             $metadata['lpage'] = $matches['lpage'];
         }
         // Add the unparsed part of the citation string as a comment so it doesn't get lost.
         $comment = String::trimPunctuation(String::regexp_replace($pagesPattern, '', $unparsedTail));
         if (!empty($comment)) {
             $metadata['comment'] = $comment;
         }
     }
     // Make the meta-data fully NLM citation compliant
     $metadata =& $this->postProcessMetadataArray($metadata);
     // Create the NLM citation description
     return $this->getNlm30CitationDescriptionFromMetadataArray($metadata);
 }

 /**
  * Recursively trim punctuation from a metadata array.
  * @param $metadataArray array
  */
 function &_recursivelyTrimPunctuation(&$metadataArray)
 {
     assert(is_array($metadataArray));
     foreach ($metadataArray as $metadataKey => $metadataValue) {
         // If we find an array then we'll recurse
         if (is_array($metadataValue)) {
             $metadataArray[$metadataKey] = $this->_recursivelyTrimPunctuation($metadataValue);
         }
         // String scalars will be trimmed
         if (is_string($metadataValue)) {
             $metadataArray[$metadataKey] = String::trimPunctuation($metadataValue);
         }
         // All other value types (i.e. integers, composite values, etc.)
         // will be ignored.
     }
     return $metadataArray;
 }

 /**
  * Fills the given citation object with
  * meta-data retrieved from PubMed.
  * @param $pmid string
  * @return MetadataDescription
  */
 function &_lookup($pmid)
 {
     $nullVar = null;
     // Use eFetch to get XML metadata for the given PMID
     $lookupParams = array('db' => 'pubmed', 'mode' => 'xml', 'tool' => 'pkp-wal', 'id' => $pmid);
     if (!is_null($this->getEmail())) {
         $lookupParams['email'] = $this->getEmail();
     }
     // Call the eFetch URL and get an XML result
     if (is_null($resultDOM = $this->callWebService(PUBMED_WEBSERVICE_EFETCH, $lookupParams))) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     $articleTitleNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleTitle");
     $articleTitleFirstNode =& $articleTitleNodes->item(0);
     $medlineTaNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("MedlineTA");
     $medlineTaFirstNode =& $medlineTaNodes->item(0);
     $metadata = array('pub-id[@pub-id-type="pmid"]' => $pmid, 'article-title' => $articleTitleFirstNode->textContent, 'source' => $medlineTaFirstNode->textContent);
     $volumeNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Volume");
     $issueNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Issue");
     if ($volumeNodes->length > 0) {
         $volumeFirstNode =& $volumeNodes->item(0);
     }
     $metadata['volume'] = $volumeFirstNode->textContent;
     if ($issueNodes->length > 0) {
         $issueFirstNode =& $issueNodes->item(0);
     }
     $metadata['issue'] = $issueFirstNode->textContent;
     // Get list of author full names
     foreach ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("Author") as $authorNode) {
         if (!isset($metadata['person-group[@person-group-type="author"]'])) {
             $metadata['person-group[@person-group-type="author"]'] = array();
         }
         // Instantiate an NLM name description
         $authorDescription = new MetadataDescription('lib.pkp.plugins.metadata.nlm30.schema.Nlm30NameSchema', ASSOC_TYPE_AUTHOR);
         // Surname
         $lastNameNodes =& $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("LastName");
         $lastNameFirstNode =& $lastNameNodes->item(0);
         $authorDescription->addStatement('surname', $lastNameFirstNode->textContent);
         // Given names
         $givenNamesString = '';
         $firstNameNodes =& $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("FirstName");
         if ($firstNameNodes->length > 0) {
             $firstNameFirstNode =& $firstNameNodes->item(0);
             $givenNamesString = $firstNameFirstNode->textContent;
         } else {
             $foreNameNodes =& $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("ForeName");
             if ($foreNameNodes->length > 0) {
                 $foreNameFirstNode =& $foreNameNodes->item(0);
                 $givenNamesString = $foreNameFirstNode->textContent;
             }
         }
         if (!empty($givenNamesString)) {
             foreach (explode(' ', $givenNamesString) as $givenName) {
                 $authorDescription->addStatement('given-names', String::trimPunctuation($givenName));
             }
         }
         // Suffix
         $suffixNodes =& $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("Suffix");
         if ($suffixNodes->length > 0) {
             $suffixFirstNode =& $suffixNodes->item(0);
             $authorDescription->addStatement('suffix', $suffixFirstNode->textContent);
         }
         // Include collective names
         // FIXME: This corresponds to an NLM-citation <collab> tag and should be part of the Metadata implementation
         /*if ($resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("CollectiveName")->length > 0 && $authorNode->getElementsByTagName("CollectiveName")->item(0)->textContent != '') {
         		}*/
         $metadata['person-group[@person-group-type="author"]'][] =& $authorDescription;
         unset($authorDescription);
     }
     // Extract pagination
     $medlinePgnNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("MedlinePgn");
     $medlinePgnFirstNode =& $medlinePgnNodes->item(0);
     if (String::regexp_match_get("/^[:p\\.\\s]*(?P<fpage>[Ee]?\\d+)(-(?P<lpage>\\d+))?/", $medlinePgnFirstNode->textContent, $pages)) {
         $fPage = (int) $pages['fpage'];
         $metadata['fpage'] = $fPage;
         if (!empty($pages['lpage'])) {
             $lPage = (int) $pages['lpage'];
             // Deal with shortcuts like '382-7'
             if ($lPage < $fPage) {
                 $lPage = (int) (String::substr($pages['fpage'], 0, -String::strlen($pages['lpage'])) . $pages['lpage']);
             }
             $metadata['lpage'] = $lPage;
         }
     }
     // Get publication date (can be in several places in PubMed).
     $dateNode = null;
     $articleDateNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("ArticleDate");
     if ($articleDateNodes->length > 0) {
         $dateNode =& $articleDateNodes->item(0);
     } else {
         $pubDateNodes =& $resultDOM->getElementsByTagName("PubDate");
         if ($pubDateNodes->length > 0) {
             $dateNode =& $pubDateNodes->item(0);
         }
//.........这里部分代码省略.........