C++ TPaveLabel::Draw方法代码示例

void help()
{
   new TCanvas("chelp","Help on gldemos",200,10,700,600);

   TPaveLabel *title = new TPaveLabel(0.04, 0.86, 0.96, 0.98, "These demos show different gl painters.");
   title->SetFillColor(32);
   title->Draw();

   TPaveText *hdemo = new TPaveText(0.04, 0.04, 0.96, 0.8);
   hdemo->SetTextAlign(12);
   hdemo->SetTextFont(52);
   hdemo->SetTextColor(kBlue);
   hdemo->AddText("1. Glsurfaces demo shows glsurf4, glsurf1, glsurf3, glsurf1cyl, glsurfpol, gltf3 options.");
   hdemo->AddText("2. Glrose demontrates \"glsurf2pol\" drawing option and user-defined palette.");
   hdemo->AddText("3. Gltf3 demo shows \"gltf3\" option.");
   hdemo->AddText("4. Glbox demo shows \"glbox\" and \"glbox1\" options for TH3.");
   hdemo->AddText("5. Glparametric demo shows how to define and display parametric surfaces.");
   hdemo->AddText("You can zoom any plot: press 'J', 'K', 'j', 'k' keys, or use mouse wheel.");
   hdemo->AddText("Rotate any plot:");
   hdemo->AddText("  ---select plot with mouse cursor,");
   hdemo->AddText("  ---move mouse cursor, pressing and holding left mouse button ");
   hdemo->AddText("Pan plot:");
   hdemo->AddText("  ---select with mouse cursor a part of a plot, other than back box planes ,");
   hdemo->AddText("  ---move mouse cursor, pressing and holding middle mouse button ");
   hdemo->AddText("Selected part of a plot is higlighted (TF3 higlighting is not implemented yet.)");
   hdemo->AddText("You can select one of back box planes, press middle mouse button and move cursor-");
   hdemo->AddText("this will create \"slice\" (TF does not support yet).");
   hdemo->AddText("After the slice was created, you can project it on a back box");
   hdemo->AddText("  ---press key 'p' (now implemented only for surf options ).");
   hdemo->AddText("Left double click removes all slices/projections.");

   hdemo->Draw();

}

TCanvas *ellipse(){
   TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1");
   c1->Range(0,0,1,1);
   TPaveLabel *pel = new TPaveLabel(0.1,0.8,0.9,0.95,"Examples of Ellipses");
   pel->SetFillColor(42);
   pel->Draw();
   TEllipse *el1 = new TEllipse(0.25,0.25,.1,.2);
   el1->Draw();
   TEllipse *el2 = new TEllipse(0.25,0.6,.2,.1);
   el2->SetFillColor(6);
   el2->SetFillStyle(3008);
   el2->Draw();
   TEllipse *el3 = new TEllipse(0.75,0.6,.2,.1,45,315);
   el3->SetFillColor(2);
   el3->SetFillStyle(1001);
   el3->SetLineColor(4);
   el3->Draw();
   TEllipse *el4 = new TEllipse(0.75,0.25,.2,.15,45,315,62);
   el4->SetFillColor(5);
   el4->SetFillStyle(1001);
   el4->SetLineColor(4);
   el4->SetLineWidth(6);
   el4->Draw();
   return c1;
}

void draw_input_labels(Int_t nInputs, Double_t* cy, 
                       Double_t rad, Double_t layerWidth)
{
   const Double_t LABEL_HEIGHT = 0.03;
   const Double_t LABEL_WIDTH  = 0.20;
   Double_t width = LABEL_WIDTH + (layerWidth-4*rad);
   Double_t margX = 0.01;
   Double_t effHeight = 0.8*LABEL_HEIGHT;

   TString *varNames = get_var_names(nInputs);
   if (varNames == 0) exit(1);

   TString input;

   for (Int_t i = 0; i < nInputs; i++) {
      if (i != nInputs-1) input = varNames[i];
      else                input = "Bias node";
      Double_t x1 = margX;
      Double_t x2 = margX + width;
      Double_t y1 = cy[i] - effHeight;
      Double_t y2 = cy[i] + effHeight;

      TPaveLabel *p = new TPaveLabel(x1, y1, x2, y2, input+"", "br");
      p->SetFillColor(gStyle->GetTitleFillColor());
      p->SetFillStyle(1001);
      p->Draw();
      if (i == nInputs-1) p->SetTextColor( TMVAGlob::c_NovelBlue );
   }

   delete[] varNames;
}

//Draw arrows
//Author: Rene Brun
TCanvas *arrow(){
   TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1");
   c1->Range(0,0,1,1);

   TPaveLabel *par = new TPaveLabel(0.1,0.8,0.9,0.95,"Examples of various arrow formats");
   par->SetFillColor(42);
   par->Draw();

   TArrow *ar1 = new TArrow(0.1,0.1,0.1,0.7);
   ar1->Draw();
   TArrow *ar2 = new TArrow(0.2,0.1,0.2,0.7,0.05,"|>");
   ar2->SetAngle(40);
   ar2->SetLineWidth(2);
   ar2->Draw();
   TArrow *ar3 = new TArrow(0.3,0.1,0.3,0.7,0.05,"<|>");
   ar3->SetAngle(40);
   ar3->SetLineWidth(2);
   ar3->Draw();
   TArrow *ar4 = new TArrow(0.46,0.7,0.82,0.42,0.07,"|>");
   ar4->SetAngle(60);
   ar4->SetLineWidth(2);
   ar4->SetFillColor(2);
   ar4->Draw();
   TArrow *ar5 = new TArrow(0.4,0.25,0.95,0.25,0.15,"<|>");
   ar5->SetAngle(60);
   ar5->SetLineWidth(4);
   ar5->SetLineColor(4);
   ar5->SetFillStyle(3008);
   ar5->SetFillColor(2);
   ar5->Draw();
   return c1;
}

void glbox()
{
   gStyle->SetCanvasPreferGL(kTRUE);
   TCanvas *c        = new TCanvas("glc","TH3 Drawing", 100, 10, 850, 400);
   TPaveLabel *title = new TPaveLabel(0.04, 0.86, 0.96, 0.98,
                           "\"glbox\" and \"glbox1\" options for TH3.");
   title->SetFillColor(32);
   title->Draw();

   TPad *boxPad  = new TPad("box", "box", 0.02, 0.02, 0.48, 0.82);
   TPad *box1Pad = new TPad("box1", "box1", 0.52, 0.02, 0.98, 0.82);
   boxPad->Draw();
   box1Pad->Draw();

   TH3F *h31 = new TH3F("h31", "h31", 10, -1, 1, 10, -1, 1, 10, -1, 1);
   h31->FillRandom("gaus");
   h31->SetFillColor(2);
   boxPad->cd();
   h31->Draw("glbox");

   TH3F *h32 = new TH3F("h32", "h32", 10, -2, 2, 10, -1, 1, 10, -3, 3);
   h32->FillRandom("gaus");
   h32->SetFillColor(4);
   box1Pad->cd();
   h32->Draw("glbox1");
}

void testRoot() {
   //Fill a 1-D histogram from a parametric function
   // To see the output of this macro, click begin_html <a href="gif/fillrandom.gif">here</a>. end_html
   //Author: Rene Brun

  
   TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1","The FillRandom example",200,10,700,900);
   c1->SetFillColor(18);

   TPad* pad1 = new TPad("pad1","The pad with the function",0.05,0.50,0.95,0.95,21);
   TPad* pad2 = new TPad("pad2","The pad with the histogram",0.05,0.05,0.95,0.45,21);
   pad1->Draw();
   pad2->Draw();
   pad1->cd();

   gBenchmark->Start("fillrandom");
   //
   // A function (any dimension) or a formula may reference
   // an already defined formula
   //
   TFormula* form1 = new TFormula("form1","abs(sin(x)/x)");
   TF1* sqroot = new TF1("sqroot","x*gaus(0) + [3]*form1",0,10);
   sqroot->SetParameters(10,4,1,20);
   pad1->SetGridx();
   pad1->SetGridy();
   pad1->GetFrame()->SetFillColor(42);
   pad1->GetFrame()->SetBorderMode(-1);
   pad1->GetFrame()->SetBorderSize(5);
   sqroot->SetLineColor(4);
   sqroot->SetLineWidth(6);
   sqroot->Draw();
   TPaveLabel* lfunction = new TPaveLabel(5,39,9.8,46,"The sqroot function");
   lfunction->SetFillColor(41);
   lfunction->Draw();
   c1->Update();

   //
   // Create a one dimensional histogram (one float per bin)
   // and fill it following the distribution in function sqroot.
   //
   pad2->cd();
   pad2->GetFrame()->SetFillColor(42);
   pad2->GetFrame()->SetBorderMode(-1);
   pad2->GetFrame()->SetBorderSize(5);
   TH1F* h1f = new TH1F("h1f","Test random numbers",200,0,10);
   h1f->SetFillColor(45);
   h1f->FillRandom("sqroot",10000);
   h1f->Draw();
   c1->Update();
   //
   // Open a ROOT file and save the formula, function and histogram
   //
   TFile myfile("fillrandom.root","RECREATE");
   form1->Write();
   sqroot->Write();
   h1f->Write();
   gBenchmark->Show("fillrandom");
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// This function performs a compatibility test between two
// histogram based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnof algorithm. It
// also prints the value in a TPaveLabel at the upper-right
// corner.
// The return value contains the result of the test
//
double KolmogorovTest(TH1 *h1, TH1 *h2){

  double mya_array[1300], myb_array[1300];
  vector<double> mya;
  vector<double> myb;
  
  
  for (int i=0; i<h1->GetNbinsX(); i++){
    mya.push_back(h1->GetBinContent(i+1));
    myb.push_back(h2->GetBinContent(i+1));
  }

  sort(mya.begin(),mya.end());
  sort(myb.begin(),myb.end()); 
  copy(mya.begin(),mya.end(),mya_array);
  copy(myb.begin(),myb.end(),myb_array);
  
  const int nbinsa = h1->GetNbinsX();
  const int nbinsb = h2->GetNbinsX();
   
  double kstest = TMath::KolmogorovTest(nbinsa, mya_array,
					nbinsb, myb_array,
					"UOX");
  if (DEBUGP) cout << "   + KS value = " << kstest << endl;

  // Create text with the value
  TString legend = Form("KS=%4.2f", kstest);

  // Create a pave text to put the value inside

  TPaveLabel* pl = new TPaveLabel(0.79,0.91,0.93,0.96, legend.Data(), "NDC");

  // Tune style
  //pl->SetTextSize(0.04);
  pl->SetLineColor(41);
  pl->SetLineWidth(1);
  pl->SetLineStyle(1);
  pl->SetFillColor(41);
  pl->SetBorderSize(3);

  if (kstest < 0.7)
    pl->SetTextColor(kRed);

  pl->Draw();
  
  return kstest;
}

void DoFit(const char* fitter, TVirtualPad *pad, Int_t npass) {
   TStopwatch timer;
   TVirtualFitter::SetDefaultFitter(fitter);
   pad->SetGrid();
   fitFcn->SetParameters(100,0,0,2,7);
   fitFcn->Update();

   timer.Start();
   histo->Fit("fitFcn","0");
   timer.Stop();

   histo->Draw();
   Double_t cputime = timer.CpuTime();
   printf("%s, npass=%d  : RT=%7.3f s, Cpu=%7.3f s\n",fitter,npass,timer.RealTime(),cputime);
   TPaveLabel *p = new TPaveLabel(0.5,0.7,0.85,0.8,Form("%s CPU= %g s",fitter,cputime),"brNDC");
   p->Draw();
   pad->Update();
}

void first() {

   TCanvas *nut = new TCanvas("nut", "FirstSession",100,10,700,900);
   nut->Range(0,0,20,24);
   nut->SetFillColor(10);
   nut->SetBorderSize(2);

   TPaveLabel *pl = new TPaveLabel(3,22,17,23.7,
      "My first ROOT interactive session","br");
   pl->SetFillColor(18);
   pl->Draw();

   TText t(0,0,"a");
   t.SetTextFont(62);
   t.SetTextSize(0.025);
   t.SetTextAlign(12);
   t.DrawText(2,20.3,"ROOT is based on CINT, a powerful C/C++ interpreter.");
   t.DrawText(2,19.3,"Blocks of lines can be entered within {...}.");
   t.DrawText(2,18.3,"Previous typed lines can be recalled.");

   t.SetTextFont(72);
   t.SetTextSize(0.026);
   t.DrawText(3,17,"Root >  float x=5; float y=7;");
   t.DrawText(3,16,"Root >  x*sqrt(y)");
   t.DrawText(3,14,
      "Root >  for (int i=2;i<7;i++) printf(\"sqrt(%d) = %f\\n\",i,sqrt(i));");
   t.DrawText(3,10,"Root >  TF1 f1(\"f1\",\"sin(x)/x\",0,10)");
   t.DrawText(3, 9,"Root >  f1.Draw()");
   t.SetTextFont(81);
   t.SetTextSize(0.018);
   t.DrawText(4,15,"(float) 13.2288f");
   t.DrawText(4,13.3,"sqrt(2) = 1.414214");
   t.DrawText(4,12.7,"sqrt(3) = 1.732051");
   t.DrawText(4,12.1,"sqrt(4) = 2.000000");
   t.DrawText(4,11.5,"sqrt(5) = 2.236068");
   t.DrawText(4,10.9,"sqrt(6) = 2.449490");

   TPad *pad = new TPad("pad","pad",.2,.05,.8,.35);
   pad->Draw();
   pad->cd();
   pad->SetGrid();
   TF1 *f1 = new TF1("f1","sin(x)/x",0,10);
   f1->Draw();
}

// Render a TF2 looking like a rose.
// Author: Timur Pocheptsov
void glrose()
{
  //Define and set user's palette,
   //use polar system.
   const Int_t paletteSize = 10;
   Float_t rgb[paletteSize * 3] =
      {0.80f, 0.55f, 0.40f,
       0.85f, 0.60f, 0.45f,
       0.90f, 0.65f, 0.50f,
       0.95f, 0.70f, 0.55f,
       1.f,   0.75f, 0.60f,
       1.f,   0.80f, 0.65f,
       1.f,   0.85f, 0.70f,
       1.f,   0.90f, 0.75f,
       1.f,   0.95f, 0.80f,
       1.f,   1.f,   0.85f};

   Int_t palette[paletteSize] = {0};

   for (Int_t i = 0; i < paletteSize; ++i)
      palette[i] = TColor::GetColor(rgb[i * 3], rgb[i * 3 + 1], rgb[i * 3 + 2]);

   gStyle->SetPalette(paletteSize, palette);

   gStyle->SetCanvasPreferGL(1);
   TCanvas *cnv = new TCanvas("glc", "Surface sample", 200, 10, 600, 550);

   TPaveLabel *title = new TPaveLabel(0.04, 0.86, 0.96, 0.98,
                           "\"glsurf2pol\" option + user defined palette.");
   title->SetFillColor(32);
   title->Draw();

   TPad *rosePad  = new TPad("box", "box", 0.04, 0.04, 0.96, 0.8);
   rosePad->Draw();


   TF2 *fun = new TF2("a", "cos(y)*sin(x)+cos(x)*sin(y)", -6, 6, -6, 6);
   fun->SetContour(paletteSize);
   fun->SetNpx(30);
   fun->SetNpy(30);
   rosePad->cd();
   fun->Draw("glsurf2pol");
}

void draw_layer_labels(Int_t nLayers)
{
   const Double_t LABEL_HEIGHT = 0.03;
   const Double_t LABEL_WIDTH  = 0.20;
   Double_t effWidth = 0.8*(1.0-LABEL_WIDTH)/nLayers;
   Double_t height = 0.8*LABEL_HEIGHT;
   Double_t margY = LABEL_HEIGHT - height;

   for (Int_t i = 0; i < nLayers; i++) {
      TString label = Form("Layer %i", i);
      Double_t cx = i*(1.0-LABEL_WIDTH)/nLayers+1.0/(2.0*nLayers)+LABEL_WIDTH;
      Double_t x1 = cx-0.8*effWidth/2.0;
      Double_t x2 = cx+0.8*effWidth/2.0;
      Double_t y1 = margY;
      Double_t y2 = margY + height;

      TPaveLabel *p = new TPaveLabel(x1, y1, x2, y2, label+"", "br");
      p->SetFillColor(gStyle->GetTitleFillColor());
      p->SetFillStyle(1001);
      p->Draw();
   }
}

void
show
(
 char* inpDir  = "",         // MuDST directory
 char* inpFile = "show.lis", // MuDST file(s);                      
 char* outFile = "show.root",// output tree file
 Int_t nFiles  = 50,         // # of MuDST file(s)
 Int_t nEvents = 100         // # of events
 )
  // remeber to adjust dbase timestamp below !!!! 
  // what a ... design
{ 
  //gErrorIgnoreLevel=1999;

  // load root/root4star libraries
  gROOT->LoadMacro("$STAR/StRoot/StMuDSTMaker/COMMON/macros/loadSharedLibraries.C");
  loadSharedLibraries();

  // load more libraries :)
  gSystem->Load("libmysqlclient");
  gSystem->Load("libGeom");
  gSystem->Load("StDbLib");
  gSystem->Load("StDbBroker");
  gSystem->Load("St_db_Maker");

  // load even more libraries (EEMC stuff) 
  gSystem->Load("StEEmcUtil");
  gSystem->Load("StEEmcDbMaker");
  gSystem->Load("StEEmcPoolTTM");

  // create the chain    
  chain = new StChain("StChain"); 
  //

  now = new TDatime;
  // for display
  TCanvas    *c1   = new TCanvas("eemc","eemc",10,10,1000,1000);
  TPaveLabel *tlab = new TPaveLabel(-0.99,+0.99,+0.99,+0.90,
				    "EEMC TOWERS & TPC TRACKS     Piotr A Zolnierczuk (IU)");

  eventInfo = new TPaveText (-0.99,-0.99,+0.0 ,-0.75);
  dateInfo  = new TPaveLabel(+0.60,-0.99,+0.99,-0.95,now->AsString());

  TGeoManager  *gm    = new TGeoManager("eemc", "eemc tower display");
  TGeoVolume   *top   = gm->MakeBox("star",0, 200., 200., 350.);
  TGeoVolume   *smbox = gm->MakeBox("smbox1",0, 2., 2., 2.);
  smbox->SetLineColor(kRed);
  // eemc 
  eemc  = new EEmcTTDisplay();
  eemc->SetMagneticField(0.5); // in Tesla
  eemc->SetShowExtrapolatedTracks(true);
 
  TGeoTranslation *etra = new TGeoTranslation(0.0,0.0,0.5*(eemc->getZ1()+eemc->getZ2()));
  top->AddNode(smbox, 1,NULL);
  top->AddNode(eemc(),1,etra);
  gm->SetTopVolume(top);
  gm->CloseGeometry();
  gm->SetVisLevel(4);
  gm->SetVisOption(0);

  c1->SetTheta(90);
  c1->SetPhi(0);

  top->Draw();
  tlab->Draw();

  gPad->Update();
  
  // now we add Makers to the chain...  some of that is black magic :) 
  muDstMk  = new StMuDstMaker(0,0,inpDir,inpFile,"",nFiles);       // muDST main chain
  StMuDbReader  *db       = StMuDbReader::instance();              // need the database
  St_db_Maker   *dbMk        = new St_db_Maker("StarDb", "MySQL:StarDb");   // need another db(?) 
  new StEEmcDbMaker("eemcDb");                     // need EEMC database  

  // now comment in/out/change the below if you want it your way
  dbMk->setTimeStampDay(20040331);   // format: yyyymmdd

  // finally after so many lines we arrive at the good stuff

  ttm = new  EEmcTTMMaker ("TTM",muDstMk,eemcDbMk);
  ttm->Summary(cout);    // 

  StMuDebug::setLevel(0);

  chain->Init();

  StEEmcDb *eemcDb = (StEEmcDb*)chain->GetDataSet("StEEmcDb");
  eemcDb->setSectors(1,12);            // request EEMC DB for sectors you need (dafault:1-12)
  eemcDb->setPreferedFlavor("onlped","eemcPMTped"); // request alternative flavor

  chain->ls(3);

  //---------------------------------------------------
  next();
}

//.........这里部分代码省略.........

  //cout << " ****************  check ************** " << endl;

  for (Int_t j = 0; j < nFiles; j++) {

    hZpTreco[j]->SetStats(kFALSE);   // to avoid drawing statistic box
    hZpTreco[j]->SetLineColor(histColor[j]);
    // no need to use TH1::Scale() between reco and gen of Z->mumu or Z->ee, because histogram are filled for the same set of events, so integral
    // should be the same in principle
    //hZpTreco[j]->SetFillColorAlpha(histColor[j], 0.80);
    hZpTgen[j]->SetStats(kFALSE);   // to avoid drawing statistic box
    hZpTgen[j]->SetLineColor(histColor[j+2]);
    hZpTrecoGenRatio[j]->SetStats(kFALSE);
    //hZpTrecoGenRatio[j]->SetLineColor(histColor[j]);
    hZpTrecoGenRatio_pdf[j]->SetStats(kFALSE);
    hZpTrecoGenRatio_pdf[j]->SetLineColor(histColor[j+2]);
    HZtoLLPt_RecoGenRatio_pdf_inRange[j]->SetStats(kFALSE);
    HZtoLLPt_RecoGenRatio_pdf_inRange[j]->SetLineColor(histColor[j*2]);
    
  }

  TPad *subpad1 = NULL;  // will use it to access specific subpad in canvas
  TPad *subpad2 = NULL; 

  TCanvas *cZtomumuPtRecoGen = new TCanvas("cZtomumuPtRecoGen","",700,700);
  TLegend *legZtomumuPtRecoGen = new TLegend(0.70,0.7,0.89,0.89); 
  subpad1 = new TPad("pad1","",0.0,0.36,1.0,1.0);
  subpad1->SetLogy();
  subpad1->SetBottomMargin(0);
  subpad2 = new TPad("pad2","",0.0,0.0,1.0,0.36);
  subpad2->SetGrid();
  subpad2->SetTopMargin(0);
  subpad2->SetBottomMargin(0.2);
  subpad1->Draw();
  subpad2->Draw();
  //cout <<"Drawing histograms and ratio"<<endl;
  subpad1->cd();
  // hZpTreco[0]->GetXaxis()->SetTitle("Z_{pT}[GeV]");
  // hZpTreco[0]->GetXaxis()->SetTitleSize(0.04);
  //hZpTreco[0]->GetXaxis()->SetLabelSize(0.04);
  hZpTreco[0]->GetYaxis()->SetTitle("# events");
  hZpTreco[0]->GetYaxis()->SetTitleSize(0.04);
  hZpTreco[0]->GetYaxis()->SetLabelSize(0.04);
  hZpTreco[0]->GetYaxis()->CenterTitle();
  //hZpTreco[0]->GetYaxis()->SetLabelSize(0.04);
  hZpTreco[0]->Draw("HE");
  hZpTgen[0]->Draw("HE SAME");
  legZtomumuPtRecoGen->AddEntry(hZpTreco[0],"Z(#mu#mu) reco","l");
  legZtomumuPtRecoGen->AddEntry(hZpTgen[0],"Z(#mu#mu) gen","l");
  gStyle->SetStatStyle(0);
  legZtomumuPtRecoGen->Draw(); 
  legZtomumuPtRecoGen->SetMargin(0.3); 
  legZtomumuPtRecoGen->SetBorderSize(0);
  subpad2->cd();
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetXaxis()->SetLabelSize(0.08);
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetXaxis()->SetTitle("Z_{pT}[GeV]");
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetXaxis()->SetTitleSize(0.07);
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetXaxis()->SetTitleOffset(1.2);
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetYaxis()->SetLabelSize(0.07);
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetYaxis()->SetTitle("reco/gen ZpT");
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetYaxis()->SetTitleSize(0.07);
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetYaxis()->SetTitleOffset(0.5);
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->GetYaxis()->CenterTitle();
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->Draw("E");
  hZpTrecoGenRatio[0]->SetMarkerStyle(7);  //medium dot
  cZtomumuPtRecoGen->SaveAs( (plotDirectoryPath + cZtomumuPtRecoGen->GetName() + suffix + plotFileExtension).c_str() );

void h1draw()
{
   // We attach (or generate) the ROOT file in $ROOTSYS/tutorials/hsimple.root 
   // or $PWD/hsimple.root
   // We draw one histogram in different formats
   //Author: Rene Brun
   TFile *example = TFile::Open("hsimple.root");
   if (!example) return;
   
   example->ls();
   TH1 *hpx = (TH1*)example->Get("hpx");
   
   TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1","Histogram Drawing Options",200,10,700,900);
   TPad *pad1 = new TPad("pad1",
      "The pad with the function",0.03,0.62,0.50,0.92,21);
   TPad *pad2 = new TPad("pad2",
      "The pad with the histogram",0.51,0.62,0.98,0.92,21);
   TPad *pad3 = new TPad("pad3",
      "The pad with the histogram",0.03,0.02,0.97,0.57,21);
   pad1->Draw();
   pad2->Draw();
   pad3->Draw();

   // Draw a global picture title
   TPaveLabel *title = new TPaveLabel(0.1,0.94,0.9,0.98,
                    "Drawing options for one dimensional histograms");
   title->SetFillColor(16);
   title->SetTextFont(52);
   title->Draw();

   // Draw histogram hpx in first pad with the default option.
   pad1->cd();
   pad1->GetFrame()->SetFillColor(18);
   hpx->SetFillColor(45);
   hpx->DrawCopy();
   TPaveLabel *label1 = new TPaveLabel(-3.5,700,-1,800,"Default option");
   label1->SetFillColor(42);
   label1->Draw();

   // Draw hpx as a lego. Clicking on the lego area will show
   // a "transparent cube" to guide you rotating the lego in real time.
   pad2->cd();
   hpx->DrawCopy("lego1");
   TPaveLabel *label2 = new TPaveLabel(-0.72,0.74,-0.22,0.88,"option Lego1");
   label2->SetFillColor(42);
   label2->Draw();
   TPaveLabel *label2a = new TPaveLabel(-0.93,-1.08,0.25,-0.92,
      "Click on lego to rotate");
   label2a->SetFillColor(42);
   label2a->Draw();

   // Draw hpx with its errors and a marker.
   pad3->cd();
   pad3->SetGridx();
   pad3->SetGridy();
   pad3->GetFrame()->SetFillColor(18);
   hpx->SetMarkerStyle(21);
   hpx->Draw("e1p");
   TPaveLabel *label3 = new TPaveLabel(2,600,3.5,650,"option e1p");
   label3->SetFillColor(42);
   label3->Draw();

   // The following illustrates how to add comments using a PaveText.
   // Attributes of text/lines/boxes added to a PaveText can be modified.
   // The AddText function returns a pointer to the added object.
   TPaveText *pave = new TPaveText(-3.78,500,-1.2,750);
   pave->SetFillColor(42);
   TText *t1=pave->AddText("You can move");
   t1->SetTextColor(4);
   t1->SetTextSize(0.05);
   pave->AddText("Title and Stats pads");
   pave->AddText("X and Y axis");
   pave->AddText("You can modify bin contents");
   pave->Draw();
   c1->Update();
}

void file(){

   TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1","ROOT File description",200,10,700,550);

   c1->Range(0,-0.25,21,14);
   TPaveLabel *title = new TPaveLabel(5,12,15,13.7,c1->GetTitle());
   title->SetFillColor(16);
   title->Draw();

   // horizonthal file layout
   TPave *file = new TPave(1,8.5,20,11);
   file->SetFillColor(11);
   file->Draw();
   TPave *fileh = new TPave(1,8.5,2.5,11);
   fileh->SetFillColor(44);
   fileh->Draw();
   TPave *lrh = new TPave(2.5,8.5,3.3,11,1);
   lrh->SetFillColor(33);
   lrh->Draw();
   lrh->DrawPave(6.9,8.5,7.7,11,1);
   lrh->DrawPave(10.5,8.5,11.3,11,1);
   lrh->DrawPave(14.5,8.5,15.3,11,1);
   TLine *ldot = new TLine(1,8.5,0.5,6.5);
   ldot->SetLineStyle(2);
   ldot->Draw();
   ldot->DrawLine(2.5, 8.5, 9.4, 6.5);
   ldot->DrawLine(10.5, 8.5, 10, 6.5);
   ldot->DrawLine(11.3, 8.5, 19.5, 6.5);
   TLine *line = new TLine(2.6,11,2.6,11.5);
   line->Draw();
   line->DrawLine(2.6,11.5,7,11.5);
   TArrow *arrow = new TArrow(7,11.5,7,11.1,0.01,"|>");
   arrow->SetFillStyle(1001);
   arrow->Draw();
   line->DrawLine( 7, 8.5, 7, 8.0);
   line->DrawLine( 7, 8.0, 10.6, 8);
   arrow->DrawArrow( 10.6,8, 10.6, 8.4,0.01,"|>");
   line->DrawLine( 10.6, 11, 10.6, 11.5);
   line->DrawLine( 10.6, 11.5, 14.6, 11.5);
   arrow->DrawArrow( 14.6,11.5, 14.6,11.1,0.01,"|>");
   line->DrawLine( 14.6, 8.5, 14.6, 8.0);
   line->DrawLine( 14.6, 8.0, 16, 8);
   ldot->DrawLine(16, 8, 19, 8);
   TText *vert = new TText(1.5,9.75,"File");
   vert->SetTextAlign(21);
   vert->SetTextAngle(90);
   vert->SetTextSize(0.025);
   vert->Draw();
   vert->DrawText(2.0, 9.75,"Header");
   vert->DrawText(2.9, 9.75,"Logical Record");
   vert->DrawText(3.2, 9.75,"Header");
   vert->DrawText(7.3, 9.75,"Logical Record");
   vert->DrawText(7.6, 9.75,"Header");
   vert->DrawText(10.9,9.75,"Logical Record");
   vert->DrawText(11.2,9.75,"Header");
   vert->DrawText(14.9,9.75,"Logical Record");
   vert->DrawText(15.2,9.75,"Header");
   TText *hori = new TText(4.75,10,"Object");
   hori->SetTextAlign(22);
   hori->SetTextSize(0.035);
   hori->Draw();
   hori->DrawText(4.75, 9.5,"Data");
   hori->DrawText(9.2, 10,"Deleted");
   hori->DrawText(9.2, 9.5,"Object");
   line->DrawLine( 6.9, 8.5, 10.5, 11);
   line->DrawLine( 6.9, 11, 10.5, 8.5);
   TText *tbig = new TText(17,9.75,"............");
   tbig->SetTextAlign(22);
   tbig->SetTextSize(0.03);
   tbig->Draw();
   tbig->DrawText(2.6, 7, "fBEGIN");
   tbig->DrawText(20., 7, "fEND");
   arrow->DrawArrow( 2.6,7, 2.6,8.4,0.01,"|>");
   arrow->DrawArrow( 20,7, 20,8.4,0.01,"|>");

   //file header
   TPaveText *header = new TPaveText(0.5,.2,9.4,6.5);
   header->SetFillColor(44);
   header->Draw();
   TText *fh=header->AddText("File Header");
   fh->SetTextAlign(22);
   fh->SetTextSize(0.04);
   header->SetTextSize(0.027);
   header->SetTextAlign(12);
   header->AddText(" ");
   header->AddLine(0,0,0,0);
   header->AddText("\"root\": Root File Identifier");
   header->AddText("fVersion: File version identifier");
   header->AddText("fBEGIN: Pointer to first data record");
   header->AddText("fEND: Pointer to first free word at EOF");
   header->AddText("fSeekFree: Pointer to FREE data record");
   header->AddText("fNbytesFree: Number of bytes in FREE");
   header->AddText("fNfree: Number of free data records");
   header->AddText("fNbytesName: Number of bytes in name/title");
   header->AddText("fUnits: Number of bytes for pointers");
   header->AddText("fCompress: Compression level");

   //logical record header
   TPaveText *lrecord = new TPaveText(10,0.2,19.5,6.5);
   lrecord->SetFillColor(33);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........