C++ ROUND_UP函数代码示例

/* Render a character. */
static int
x_render_char(gx_xfont * xf, gx_xglyph xg, gx_device * dev,
	      int xo, int yo, gx_color_index color, int required)
{
    x_xfont *xxf = (x_xfont *) xf;
    char chr = (char)xg;
    gs_point wxy;
    gs_int_rect bbox;
    int x, y, w, h;
    int code;

    if (dev->dname == gs_x11_device.dname && !((gx_device_X *)dev)->is_buffered) {
	gx_device_X *xdev = (gx_device_X *)dev;

	code = (*xf->common.procs->char_metrics) (xf, xg, 0, &wxy, &bbox);
	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
	/* Buffer text for more efficient X interaction. */
	if (xdev->text.item_count == MAX_TEXT_ITEMS ||
	    xdev->text.char_count == MAX_TEXT_CHARS ||
	    (IN_TEXT(xdev) &&
	     (yo != xdev->text.origin.y || color != xdev->fore_color ||
	      xxf->font->fid != xdev->fid))
	    ) {
	    DRAW_TEXT(xdev);
	    xdev->text.item_count = xdev->text.char_count = 0;
	}
	if (xdev->text.item_count == 0) {
	    X_SET_FILL_STYLE(xdev, FillSolid);
	    X_SET_FORE_COLOR(xdev, color);
	    X_SET_FUNCTION(xdev, GXcopy);
	    xdev->text.origin.x = xdev->text.x = xo;
	    xdev->text.origin.y = yo;
	    xdev->text.items[0].font = xdev->fid = xxf->font->fid;
	}
	/*
	 * The following is wrong for rotated text, but it doesn't matter,
	 * because the next call of x_render_char will have a different Y.
	 */
	{
	    int index = xdev->text.item_count;
	    XTextItem *item = &xdev->text.items[index];
	    char *pchar = &xdev->text.chars[xdev->text.char_count++];
	    int delta = xo - xdev->text.x;

	    *pchar = chr;
	    if (index > 0 && delta == 0) {
		/* Continue the same item. */
		item[-1].nchars++;
	    } else {
		/* Start a new item. */
		item->chars = pchar;
		item->nchars = 1;
		item->delta = delta;
		if (index > 0)
		    item->font = None;
		xdev->text.item_count++;
	    }
	    xdev->text.x = xo + wxy.x;
	}
	if (xdev->bpixmap != (Pixmap) 0) {
	    x = xo + bbox.p.x;
	    y = yo + bbox.p.y;
	    w = bbox.q.x - bbox.p.x;
	    h = bbox.q.y - bbox.p.y;
	    fit_fill(dev, x, y, w, h);
	    x_update_add(xdev, x, y, w, h);
	}
	return 0;
    } else if (!required)
	return -1;		/* too hard */
    else {
	/* Display on an intermediate bitmap, then copy the bits. */
	gx_device_X *xdev = xxf->xdev;
	int wbm, raster;
	int i;
	XImage *xim;
	Pixmap xpm;
	GC fgc;
	byte *bits;

	dev_proc_copy_mono((*copy_mono)) = dev_proc(dev, copy_mono);

	code = (*xf->common.procs->char_metrics) (xf, xg, 0, &wxy, &bbox);
	if (code < 0)
	    return code;
	w = bbox.q.x - bbox.p.x;
	h = bbox.q.y - bbox.p.y;
	wbm = ROUND_UP(w, align_bitmap_mod * 8);
	raster = wbm >> 3;
	bits = (byte *) gs_malloc(xdev->memory, h, raster, "x_render_char");
	if (bits == 0)
	    return gs_error_limitcheck;
	xpm = XCreatePixmap(xdev->dpy, xdev->win, w, h, 1);
	fgc = XCreateGC(xdev->dpy, xpm, None, NULL);
	XSetForeground(xdev->dpy, fgc, 0);
	XFillRectangle(xdev->dpy, xpm, fgc, 0, 0, w, h);
	XSetForeground(xdev->dpy, fgc, 1);
	XSetFont(xdev->dpy, fgc, xxf->font->fid);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

void op_x86_res_calc(                                                   
  int    blockIdx,                                                      
  float *ind_arg0, int *ind_arg0_maps,                                  
  float *ind_arg1, int *ind_arg1_maps,                                  
  float *ind_arg2, int *ind_arg2_maps,                                  
  float *ind_arg3, int *ind_arg3_maps,                                  
  short *arg0_maps,                                                     
  short *arg1_maps,                                                     
  short *arg2_maps,                                                     
  short *arg3_maps,                                                     
  short *arg4_maps,                                                     
  short *arg5_maps,                                                     
  short *arg6_maps,                                                     
  short *arg7_maps,                                                     
  int   *ind_arg_sizes,                                                 
  int   *ind_arg_offs,                                                  
  int    block_offset,                                                  
  int   *blkmap,                                                        
  int   *offset,                                                        
  int   *nelems,                                                        
  int   *ncolors,                                                       
  int   *colors) {                                                      
                                                                        
  float arg6_l[4];                                                      
  float arg7_l[4];                                                      
                                                                        
  int   *ind_arg0_map, ind_arg0_size;                        
  int   *ind_arg1_map, ind_arg1_size;                        
  int   *ind_arg2_map, ind_arg2_size;                        
  int   *ind_arg3_map, ind_arg3_size;                        
  float *ind_arg0_s;                                         
  float *ind_arg1_s;                                         
  float *ind_arg2_s;                                         
  float *ind_arg3_s;                                         
  int    nelems2, ncolor;                                    
  int    nelem, offset_b;                                    
                                                                        
  char shared[64000];                                        
                                                                        
  if (0==0) {                                                           
                                                                        
    // get sizes and shift pointers and direct-mapped data              
                                                                        
    int blockId = blkmap[blockIdx + block_offset];                      
    nelem    = nelems[blockId];                                         
    offset_b = offset[blockId];                                         
                                                                        
    nelems2  = nelem;                                                   
    ncolor   = ncolors[blockId];                                        
                                                                        
    ind_arg0_size = ind_arg_sizes[0+blockId*4];                         
    ind_arg1_size = ind_arg_sizes[1+blockId*4];                         
    ind_arg2_size = ind_arg_sizes[2+blockId*4];                         
    ind_arg3_size = ind_arg_sizes[3+blockId*4];                         
                                                                        
    ind_arg0_map = ind_arg0_maps + ind_arg_offs[0+blockId*4];           
    ind_arg1_map = ind_arg1_maps + ind_arg_offs[1+blockId*4];           
    ind_arg2_map = ind_arg2_maps + ind_arg_offs[2+blockId*4];           
    ind_arg3_map = ind_arg3_maps + ind_arg_offs[3+blockId*4];           
                                                                        
    // set shared memory pointers                                       
                                                                        
    int nbytes = 0;                                                     
    ind_arg0_s = (float *) &shared[nbytes];                             
    nbytes    += ROUND_UP(ind_arg0_size*sizeof(float)*2);               
    ind_arg1_s = (float *) &shared[nbytes];                             
    nbytes    += ROUND_UP(ind_arg1_size*sizeof(float)*4);               
    ind_arg2_s = (float *) &shared[nbytes];                             
    nbytes    += ROUND_UP(ind_arg2_size*sizeof(float)*1);               
    ind_arg3_s = (float *) &shared[nbytes];                             
  }                                                                     
                                                                        
  __syncthreads(); // make sure all of above completed                  
                                                                        
  // copy indirect datasets into shared memory or zero increment        
                                                                        
  for (int n=0; n<ind_arg0_size; n++)                                   
    for (int d=0; d<2; d++)                                             
      ind_arg0_s[d+n*2] = ind_arg0[d+ind_arg0_map[n]*2];                
                                                                        
  for (int n=0; n<ind_arg1_size; n++)                                   
    for (int d=0; d<4; d++)                                             
      ind_arg1_s[d+n*4] = ind_arg1[d+ind_arg1_map[n]*4];                
                                                                        
  for (int n=0; n<ind_arg2_size; n++)                                   
    for (int d=0; d<1; d++)                                             
      ind_arg2_s[d+n*1] = ind_arg2[d+ind_arg2_map[n]*1];                
                                                                        
  for (int n=0; n<ind_arg3_size; n++)                                   
    for (int d=0; d<4; d++)                                             
      ind_arg3_s[d+n*4] = ZERO_float;                                   
                                                                        
  __syncthreads();                                                      
                                                                        
  // process set elements                                               
                                                                        
  for (int n=0; n<nelems2; n++) {                                       
    int col2 = -1;                                                      
                                                                        
    if (n<nelem) {                                                      
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

// host stub function
void ops_par_loop_update_halo_kernel3_minus_2_a(char const *name, ops_block block, int dim, int* range,
 ops_arg arg0, ops_arg arg1, ops_arg arg2) {
  ops_arg args[3] = { arg0, arg1, arg2};


  ops_timing_realloc(94,"update_halo_kernel3_minus_2_a");
  OPS_kernels[94].count++;

  //compute locally allocated range for the sub-block
  int start[3];
  int end[3];
  #ifdef OPS_MPI
  sub_block_list sb = OPS_sub_block_list[block->index];
  if (!sb->owned) return;
  for ( int n=0; n<3; n++ ){
    start[n] = sb->decomp_disp[n];end[n] = sb->decomp_disp[n]+sb->decomp_size[n];
    if (start[n] >= range[2*n]) {
      start[n] = 0;
    }
    else {
      start[n] = range[2*n] - start[n];
    }
    if (sb->id_m[n]==MPI_PROC_NULL && range[2*n] < 0) start[n] = range[2*n];
    if (end[n] >= range[2*n+1]) {
      end[n] = range[2*n+1] - sb->decomp_disp[n];
    }
    else {
      end[n] = sb->decomp_size[n];
    }
    if (sb->id_p[n]==MPI_PROC_NULL && (range[2*n+1] > sb->decomp_disp[n]+sb->decomp_size[n]))
      end[n] += (range[2*n+1]-sb->decomp_disp[n]-sb->decomp_size[n]);
  }
  #else //OPS_MPI
  for ( int n=0; n<3; n++ ){
    start[n] = range[2*n];end[n] = range[2*n+1];
  }
  #endif //OPS_MPI

  int x_size = MAX(0,end[0]-start[0]);
  int y_size = MAX(0,end[1]-start[1]);
  int z_size = MAX(0,end[2]-start[2]);


  int xdim0 = args[0].dat->size[0]*args[0].dat->dim;
  int ydim0 = args[0].dat->size[1];
  int xdim1 = args[1].dat->size[0]*args[1].dat->dim;
  int ydim1 = args[1].dat->size[1];

  //build opencl kernel if not already built

  buildOpenCLKernels_update_halo_kernel3_minus_2_a(
  xdim0,ydim0,xdim1,ydim1);

  //Timing
  double t1,t2,c1,c2;
  ops_timers_core(&c2,&t2);

  //set up OpenCL thread blocks
  size_t globalWorkSize[3] = {((x_size-1)/OPS_block_size_x+ 1)*OPS_block_size_x, ((y_size-1)/OPS_block_size_y + 1)*OPS_block_size_y, MAX(1,end[2]-start[2])};
  size_t localWorkSize[3] =  {OPS_block_size_x,OPS_block_size_y,1};


  int *arg2h = (int *)arg2.data;

  int consts_bytes = 0;

  consts_bytes += ROUND_UP(NUM_FIELDS*sizeof(int));

  reallocConstArrays(consts_bytes);

  consts_bytes = 0;
  arg2.data = OPS_consts_h + consts_bytes;
  arg2.data_d = OPS_consts_d + consts_bytes;
  for (int d=0; d<NUM_FIELDS; d++) ((int *)arg2.data)[d] = arg2h[d];
  consts_bytes += ROUND_UP(NUM_FIELDS*sizeof(int));
  mvConstArraysToDevice(consts_bytes);
  int dat0 = args[0].dat->elem_size;
  int dat1 = args[1].dat->elem_size;

  //set up initial pointers
  int d_m[OPS_MAX_DIM];
  #ifdef OPS_MPI
  for (int d = 0; d < dim; d++) d_m[d] = args[0].dat->d_m[d] + OPS_sub_dat_list[args[0].dat->index]->d_im[d];
  #else //OPS_MPI
  for (int d = 0; d < dim; d++) d_m[d] = args[0].dat->d_m[d];
  #endif //OPS_MPI
  int base0 = 1 * 
  (start[0] * args[0].stencil->stride[0] - args[0].dat->base[0] - d_m[0]);
  base0 = base0 + args[0].dat->size[0] *
  (start[1] * args[0].stencil->stride[1] - args[0].dat->base[1] - d_m[1]);
  base0 = base0 + args[0].dat->size[0] *  args[0].dat->size[1] *
  (start[2] * args[0].stencil->stride[2] - args[0].dat->base[2] - d_m[2]);

  #ifdef OPS_MPI
  for (int d = 0; d < dim; d++) d_m[d] = args[1].dat->d_m[d] + OPS_sub_dat_list[args[1].dat->index]->d_im[d];
  #else //OPS_MPI
  for (int d = 0; d < dim; d++) d_m[d] = args[1].dat->d_m[d];
  #endif //OPS_MPI
  int base1 = 1 * 
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

NTSTATUS
RtlpCreateStack(
    IN HANDLE Process,
    IN SIZE_T MaximumStackSize OPTIONAL,
    IN SIZE_T CommittedStackSize OPTIONAL,
    IN ULONG ZeroBits OPTIONAL,
    OUT PINITIAL_TEB InitialTeb
    )
{
    NTSTATUS Status;
    PCH Stack;
    SYSTEM_BASIC_INFORMATION SysInfo;
    BOOLEAN GuardPage;
    SIZE_T RegionSize;
    ULONG OldProtect;

    Status = ZwQuerySystemInformation( SystemBasicInformation,
                                       (PVOID)&SysInfo,
                                       sizeof( SysInfo ),
                                       NULL
                                     );
    if ( !NT_SUCCESS( Status ) ) {
        return( Status );
        }

    //
    // if stack is in the current process, then default to
    // the parameters from the image
    //

    if ( Process == NtCurrentProcess() ) {
        PPEB Peb;
        PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS NtHeaders;


        Peb = NtCurrentPeb();
        NtHeaders = RtlImageNtHeader(Peb->ImageBaseAddress);

        if (!NtHeaders) {
            return STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT;
        }


        if (!MaximumStackSize) {
            MaximumStackSize = NtHeaders->OptionalHeader.SizeOfStackReserve;
            }

        if (!CommittedStackSize) {
            CommittedStackSize = NtHeaders->OptionalHeader.SizeOfStackCommit;
            }

        }
    else {

        if (!CommittedStackSize) {
            CommittedStackSize = SysInfo.PageSize;
            }

        if (!MaximumStackSize) {
            MaximumStackSize = SysInfo.AllocationGranularity;
            }

        }

    //
    // Enforce a minimal stack commit if there is a PEB setting
    // for this.
    //

    if ( CommittedStackSize >= MaximumStackSize ) {
        MaximumStackSize = ROUND_UP(CommittedStackSize, (1024*1024));
        }


    CommittedStackSize = ROUND_UP( CommittedStackSize, SysInfo.PageSize );
    MaximumStackSize = ROUND_UP( MaximumStackSize,
                                 SysInfo.AllocationGranularity
                               );

    Stack = NULL;


    Status = ZwAllocateVirtualMemory( Process,
                                      (PVOID *)&Stack,
                                      ZeroBits,
                                      &MaximumStackSize,
                                      MEM_RESERVE,
                                      PAGE_READWRITE
                                    );

    if ( !NT_SUCCESS( Status ) ) {
#if DBG
        DbgPrint( "NTRTL: RtlpCreateStack( %lx ) failed.  Stack Reservation Status == %X\n",
                  Process,
                  Status
                );
#endif // DBG
        return( Status );
        }

//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int reiserfs_symlink(struct inode *parent_dir,
			    struct dentry *dentry, const char *symname)
{
	int retval;
	struct inode *inode;
	char *name;
	int item_len;
	struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
	struct reiserfs_security_handle security;
	int mode = S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO;
	/* We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas for new inode + update of quota for directory owner) */
	int jbegin_count =
	    JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 +
	    2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(parent_dir->i_sb) +
		 REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(parent_dir->i_sb));

	if (!(inode = new_inode(parent_dir->i_sb))) {
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	new_inode_init(inode, parent_dir, mode);

	retval = reiserfs_security_init(parent_dir, inode, &security);
	if (retval < 0) {
		drop_new_inode(inode);
		return retval;
	}
	jbegin_count += retval;

	reiserfs_write_lock(parent_dir->i_sb);
	item_len = ROUND_UP(strlen(symname));
	if (item_len > MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(parent_dir->i_sb->s_blocksize)) {
		retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
		drop_new_inode(inode);
		goto out_failed;
	}

	name = kmalloc(item_len, GFP_NOFS);
	if (!name) {
		drop_new_inode(inode);
		retval = -ENOMEM;
		goto out_failed;
	}
	memcpy(name, symname, strlen(symname));
	padd_item(name, item_len, strlen(symname));

	retval = journal_begin(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
	if (retval) {
		drop_new_inode(inode);
		kfree(name);
		goto out_failed;
	}

	retval =
	    reiserfs_new_inode(&th, parent_dir, mode, name, strlen(symname),
			       dentry, inode, &security);
	kfree(name);
	if (retval) {		/* reiserfs_new_inode iputs for us */
		goto out_failed;
	}

	reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
	reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(parent_dir);

	inode->i_op = &reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;

	// must be sure this inode is written with this transaction
	//
	//reiserfs_update_sd (&th, inode, READ_BLOCKS);

	retval = reiserfs_add_entry(&th, parent_dir, dentry->d_name.name,
				    dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1 /*visible */ );
	if (retval) {
		int err;
		inode->i_nlink--;
		reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
		err = journal_end(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
		if (err)
			retval = err;
		unlock_new_inode(inode);
		iput(inode);
		goto out_failed;
	}

	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
	unlock_new_inode(inode);
	retval = journal_end(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
      out_failed:
	reiserfs_write_unlock(parent_dir->i_sb);
	return retval;
}

size_t
ofl_structs_table_properties_pack(struct ofl_table_feature_prop_header * src, struct ofp_table_feature_prop_header *dst, uint8_t *data, struct ofl_exp *exp){

    dst->type = htons(src->type);
    switch (src->type){
        case OFPTFPT_INSTRUCTIONS:
        case OFPTFPT_INSTRUCTIONS_MISS:{
            int i;
            struct ofl_table_feature_prop_instructions *sp = (struct ofl_table_feature_prop_instructions*) src;
            struct ofp_table_feature_prop_instructions *dp = (struct ofp_table_feature_prop_instructions*) dst;
            uint8_t *ptr;

            dp->length = htons(sp->header.length);
            ptr = (uint8_t*) data + (sizeof(struct ofp_table_feature_prop_header));
            for(i = 0; i < sp->ids_num; i++){
                if(sp->instruction_ids[i].type == OFPIT_EXPERIMENTER){
                    struct ofp_instruction inst;

                    inst.type = sp->instruction_ids[i].type;
                    if (exp == NULL || exp->inst == NULL || exp->inst->unpack == NULL) {
                        OFL_LOG_WARN(LOG_MODULE, "Received EXPERIMENTER instruction, but no callback was given.");
                        return ofl_error(OFPET_BAD_INSTRUCTION, OFPBIC_UNSUP_INST);
                    }
                    inst.len = ROUND_UP(sizeof(struct ofp_instruction) + exp->inst->ofp_len(&sp->instruction_ids[i]),8);
                    memcpy(ptr, &inst, sizeof(struct ofp_instruction) - 4);
                    ptr += sizeof(struct ofp_instruction) - 4;
                }
                else {
                    struct ofp_instruction inst;
                    inst.type = htons(sp->instruction_ids[i].type);
                    inst.len = htons(sizeof(struct ofp_instruction) - 4);
                    memcpy(ptr, &inst, sizeof(struct ofp_instruction) - 4);
                    ptr += sizeof(struct ofp_instruction) - 4;
                }
            }
           memset(ptr, 0x0, ROUND_UP(sp->header.length,8) - sp->header.length);
           return ROUND_UP(ntohs(dp->length),8);
        }
        case OFPTFPT_NEXT_TABLES:
        case OFPTFPT_NEXT_TABLES_MISS:{
            int i;
            uint8_t *ptr;
            struct ofl_table_feature_prop_next_tables *sp = (struct ofl_table_feature_prop_next_tables*) src;
            struct ofp_table_feature_prop_next_tables *dp = (struct ofp_table_feature_prop_next_tables*) dst;

            dp->length = htons(sp->header.length);
            ptr = data + (sizeof(struct ofp_table_feature_prop_header));
            for(i = 0; i < sp->table_num; i++){
                memcpy(ptr, &sp->next_table_ids[i], sizeof(uint8_t));
                ptr += sizeof(uint8_t);
            }
            memset(ptr, 0x0, ROUND_UP(sp->header.length,8)-sp->header.length);
           return ROUND_UP(ntohs(dp->length),8);
        }
        case OFPTFPT_WRITE_ACTIONS:
        case OFPTFPT_WRITE_ACTIONS_MISS:
        case OFPTFPT_APPLY_ACTIONS:
        case OFPTFPT_APPLY_ACTIONS_MISS:{
            int i;
            uint8_t *ptr;

            struct ofl_table_feature_prop_actions *sp = (struct ofl_table_feature_prop_actions*) src;
            struct ofp_table_feature_prop_actions *dp = (struct ofp_table_feature_prop_actions*) dst;

            dp->length = htons(sp->header.length);
            ptr = data + (sizeof(struct ofp_table_feature_prop_header));
            for(i = 0; i < sp->actions_num; i++){
                if(sp->action_ids[i].type == OFPAT_EXPERIMENTER){
                    memcpy(ptr, &sp->action_ids[i], sizeof(struct ofp_action_header));
                    ptr += sizeof(struct ofp_action_header);
                }
                else {
                    struct ofp_action_header action;
                    action.type = htons(sp->action_ids[i].type);
                    action.len = htons(sp->action_ids[i].len);
                    memcpy(ptr, &action, sizeof(struct ofp_action_header) -4);
                    ptr += sizeof(struct ofp_action_header) -4;
                }
            }
           memset(ptr, 0x0, ROUND_UP(sp->header.length,8)- sp->header.length);
           return ROUND_UP(ntohs(dp->length),8);
        }
        case OFPTFPT_MATCH:
        case OFPTFPT_WILDCARDS:
        case OFPTFPT_WRITE_SETFIELD:
        case OFPTFPT_WRITE_SETFIELD_MISS:
        case OFPTFPT_APPLY_SETFIELD:
        case OFPTFPT_APPLY_SETFIELD_MISS:{
            int i;
            struct ofl_table_feature_prop_oxm *sp = (struct ofl_table_feature_prop_oxm*) src;
            struct ofp_table_feature_prop_oxm *dp = (struct ofp_table_feature_prop_oxm*) dst;

            dp->length = htons(sp->header.length);
            data += sizeof(struct ofp_table_feature_prop_header);
            for(i = 0; i < sp->oxm_num; i++){
                uint32_t header = htonl(sp->oxm_ids[i]);
                memcpy(data, &header, sizeof(uint32_t));
                data += sizeof(uint32_t);
            }
           memset(data, 0x0, ROUND_UP(sp->header.length,8)- sp->header.length);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

// host stub function
void ops_par_loop_update_halo_kernel2_zvel_minus_2_back(
    char const *name, ops_block block, int dim, int *range, ops_arg arg0,
    ops_arg arg1, ops_arg arg2) {

  // Timing
  double t1, t2, c1, c2;
  ops_arg args[3] = {arg0, arg1, arg2};

#ifdef CHECKPOINTING
  if (!ops_checkpointing_before(args, 3, range, 57))
    return;
#endif

  if (OPS_diags > 1) {
    ops_timing_realloc(57, "update_halo_kernel2_zvel_minus_2_back");
    OPS_kernels[57].count++;
    ops_timers_core(&c1, &t1);
  }

  // compute localy allocated range for the sub-block

  int start[3];
  int end[3];
#ifdef OPS_MPI
  sub_block_list sb = OPS_sub_block_list[block->index];
#endif // OPS_MPI

  int arg_idx[3];
  int arg_idx_base[3];
#ifdef OPS_MPI
  if (compute_ranges(args, 3, block, range, start, end, arg_idx) < 0)
    return;
#else // OPS_MPI
  for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
    start[n] = range[2 * n];
    end[n] = range[2 * n + 1];
    arg_idx[n] = start[n];
  }
#endif
  for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
    arg_idx_base[n] = arg_idx[n];
  }

  int dat0 = args[0].dat->elem_size;
  int dat1 = args[1].dat->elem_size;

  int *arg2h = (int *)arg2.data;
// Upload large globals
#ifdef OPS_GPU
  int consts_bytes = 0;
  consts_bytes += ROUND_UP(NUM_FIELDS * sizeof(int));
  reallocConstArrays(consts_bytes);
  consts_bytes = 0;
  args[2].data = OPS_consts_h + consts_bytes;
  args[2].data_d = OPS_consts_d + consts_bytes;
  for (int d = 0; d < NUM_FIELDS; d++)
    ((int *)args[2].data)[d] = arg2h[d];
  consts_bytes += ROUND_UP(NUM_FIELDS * sizeof(int));
  mvConstArraysToDevice(consts_bytes);
#endif // OPS_GPU

  // set up initial pointers
  int base0 = args[0].dat->base_offset +
              (OPS_soa ? args[0].dat->type_size : args[0].dat->elem_size) *
                  start[0] * args[0].stencil->stride[0];
  base0 = base0 +
          (OPS_soa ? args[0].dat->type_size : args[0].dat->elem_size) *
              args[0].dat->size[0] * start[1] * args[0].stencil->stride[1];
  base0 = base0 +
          (OPS_soa ? args[0].dat->type_size : args[0].dat->elem_size) *
              args[0].dat->size[0] * args[0].dat->size[1] * start[2] *
              args[0].stencil->stride[2];
#ifdef OPS_GPU
  double *p_a0 = (double *)((char *)args[0].data_d + base0);
#else
  double *p_a0 = (double *)((char *)args[0].data + base0);
#endif

  int base1 = args[1].dat->base_offset +
              (OPS_soa ? args[1].dat->type_size : args[1].dat->elem_size) *
                  start[0] * args[1].stencil->stride[0];
  base1 = base1 +
          (OPS_soa ? args[1].dat->type_size : args[1].dat->elem_size) *
              args[1].dat->size[0] * start[1] * args[1].stencil->stride[1];
  base1 = base1 +
          (OPS_soa ? args[1].dat->type_size : args[1].dat->elem_size) *
              args[1].dat->size[0] * args[1].dat->size[1] * start[2] *
              args[1].stencil->stride[2];
#ifdef OPS_GPU
  double *p_a1 = (double *)((char *)args[1].data_d + base1);
#else
  double *p_a1 = (double *)((char *)args[1].data + base1);
#endif

#ifdef OPS_GPU
  int *p_a2 = (int *)args[2].data_d;
#else
  int *p_a2 = arg2h;
#endif
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

BOOT_CODE pptr_t
alloc_region(uint32_t size_bits)
{
    unsigned int i;
    unsigned int reg_index = 0; /* gcc cannot work out that this will not be used uninitialized */
    region_t reg = REG_EMPTY;
    region_t rem_small = REG_EMPTY;
    region_t rem_large = REG_EMPTY;
    region_t new_reg;
    region_t new_rem_small;
    region_t new_rem_large;

    /* Search for a freemem region that will be the best fit for an allocation. We favour allocations
     * that are aligned to either end of the region. If an allocation must split a region we favour
     * an unbalanced split. In both cases we attempt to use the smallest region possible. In general
     * this means we aim to make the size of the smallest remaining region smaller (ideally zero)
     * followed by making the size of the largest remaining region smaller */

    for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_FREEMEM_REG; i++) {
        /* Determine whether placing the region at the start or the end will create a bigger left over region */
        if (ROUND_UP(ndks_boot.freemem[i].start, size_bits) - ndks_boot.freemem[i].start <
                ndks_boot.freemem[i].end - ROUND_DOWN(ndks_boot.freemem[i].end, size_bits)) {
            new_reg.start = ROUND_UP(ndks_boot.freemem[i].start, size_bits);
            new_reg.end = new_reg.start + BIT(size_bits);
        } else {
            new_reg.end = ROUND_DOWN(ndks_boot.freemem[i].end, size_bits);
            new_reg.start = new_reg.end - BIT(size_bits);
        }
        if (new_reg.end > new_reg.start &&
                new_reg.start >= ndks_boot.freemem[i].start &&
                new_reg.end <= ndks_boot.freemem[i].end) {
            if (new_reg.start - ndks_boot.freemem[i].start < ndks_boot.freemem[i].end - new_reg.end) {
                new_rem_small.start = ndks_boot.freemem[i].start;
                new_rem_small.end = new_reg.start;
                new_rem_large.start = new_reg.end;
                new_rem_large.end = ndks_boot.freemem[i].end;
            } else {
                new_rem_large.start = ndks_boot.freemem[i].start;
                new_rem_large.end = new_reg.start;
                new_rem_small.start = new_reg.end;
                new_rem_small.end = ndks_boot.freemem[i].end;
            }
            if ( is_reg_empty(reg) ||
                    (reg_size(new_rem_small) < reg_size(rem_small)) ||
                    (reg_size(new_rem_small) == reg_size(rem_small) && reg_size(new_rem_large) < reg_size(rem_large)) ) {
                reg = new_reg;
                rem_small = new_rem_small;
                rem_large = new_rem_large;
                reg_index = i;
            }
        }
    }
    if (is_reg_empty(reg)) {
        printf("Kernel init failing: not enough memory\n");
        return 0;
    }
    /* Remove the region in question */
    ndks_boot.freemem[reg_index] = REG_EMPTY;
    /* Add the remaining regions in largest to smallest order */
    insert_region(rem_large);
    if (!insert_region(rem_small)) {
        printf("alloc_region(): wasted 0x%x bytes due to alignment, try to increase MAX_NUM_FREEMEM_REG\n",
               (unsigned int)(rem_small.end - rem_small.start));
    }
    return reg.start;
}

 *
 * Clearly, this structure is only needed if the CPU has an MMU!
 *
 * The following are not the smallest areas that could be allocated for a
 * working system. If the amount of memory used by the page tables is
 * critical, they could be reduced.
 */

PHYS_MEM_DESC sysPhysMemDesc [] =
    {
    /* DRAM - Always the first entry */

    {
    DDR_MCORE_ADDR,    /* virtual address */
    DDR_MCORE_ADDR,    /* physical address */
    ROUND_UP (DDR_MCORE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE),
    MMU_ATTR_VALID_MSK | MMU_ATTR_PROT_MSK | MMU_ATTR_WRITEALLOCATE_MSK,
#ifdef _WRS_CONFIG_SMP       /* needs to be shared */
    MMU_ATTR_VALID       | MMU_ATTR_SUP_RWX  | MMU_ATTR_WRITEALLOCATE_SHARED
#else
    MMU_ATTR_VALID       | MMU_ATTR_SUP_RWX  | MMU_ATTR_WRITEALLOCATE
#endif /* _WRS_CONFIG_SMP */
    },
	/**************************************GU   memmap   begin**************************/
	{/*GU reserved mem 1xxx*/
    DDR_GU_ADDR,    /* virtual address */
    DDR_GU_ADDR,    /* physical address */
    ROUND_UP (ECS_BBPHAC_BASE_ADDR - DDR_GU_ADDR, PAGE_SIZE),
    MMU_ATTR_VALID_MSK | MMU_ATTR_PROT_MSK | MMU_ATTR_NORMAL_NONCACHEABLE_MSK,
    MMU_ATTR_VALID       | MMU_ATTR_SUP_RWX  | MMU_ATTR_NORMAL_NONCACHEABLE
    },

// host stub function
void ops_par_loop_update_halo_kernel1_fr2(char const *name, ops_block block,
                                          int dim, int *range, ops_arg arg0,
                                          ops_arg arg1, ops_arg arg2,
                                          ops_arg arg3, ops_arg arg4,
                                          ops_arg arg5, ops_arg arg6,
                                          ops_arg arg7) {

  // Timing
  double t1, t2, c1, c2;

  ops_arg args[8] = {arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7};

#ifdef CHECKPOINTING
  if (!ops_checkpointing_before(args, 8, range, 22))
    return;
#endif

  if (OPS_diags > 1) {
    ops_timing_realloc(22, "update_halo_kernel1_fr2");
    OPS_kernels[22].count++;
    ops_timers_core(&c1, &t1);
  }

  // compute locally allocated range for the sub-block
  int start[3];
  int end[3];
#ifdef OPS_MPI
  sub_block_list sb = OPS_sub_block_list[block->index];
  if (!sb->owned)
    return;
  for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
    start[n] = sb->decomp_disp[n];
    end[n] = sb->decomp_disp[n] + sb->decomp_size[n];
    if (start[n] >= range[2 * n]) {
      start[n] = 0;
    } else {
      start[n] = range[2 * n] - start[n];
    }
    if (sb->id_m[n] == MPI_PROC_NULL && range[2 * n] < 0)
      start[n] = range[2 * n];
    if (end[n] >= range[2 * n + 1]) {
      end[n] = range[2 * n + 1] - sb->decomp_disp[n];
    } else {
      end[n] = sb->decomp_size[n];
    }
    if (sb->id_p[n] == MPI_PROC_NULL &&
        (range[2 * n + 1] > sb->decomp_disp[n] + sb->decomp_size[n]))
      end[n] += (range[2 * n + 1] - sb->decomp_disp[n] - sb->decomp_size[n]);
  }
#else
  for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
    start[n] = range[2 * n];
    end[n] = range[2 * n + 1];
  }
#endif

  int x_size = MAX(0, end[0] - start[0]);
  int y_size = MAX(0, end[1] - start[1]);
  int z_size = MAX(0, end[2] - start[2]);

  int xdim0 = args[0].dat->size[0];
  int ydim0 = args[0].dat->size[1];
  int xdim1 = args[1].dat->size[0];
  int ydim1 = args[1].dat->size[1];
  int xdim2 = args[2].dat->size[0];
  int ydim2 = args[2].dat->size[1];
  int xdim3 = args[3].dat->size[0];
  int ydim3 = args[3].dat->size[1];
  int xdim4 = args[4].dat->size[0];
  int ydim4 = args[4].dat->size[1];
  int xdim5 = args[5].dat->size[0];
  int ydim5 = args[5].dat->size[1];
  int xdim6 = args[6].dat->size[0];
  int ydim6 = args[6].dat->size[1];

  // build opencl kernel if not already built

  buildOpenCLKernels_update_halo_kernel1_fr2(xdim0, ydim0, xdim1, ydim1, xdim2,
                                             ydim2, xdim3, ydim3, xdim4, ydim4,
                                             xdim5, ydim5, xdim6, ydim6);

  // set up OpenCL thread blocks
  size_t globalWorkSize[3] = {
      ((x_size - 1) / OPS_block_size_x + 1) * OPS_block_size_x,
      ((y_size - 1) / OPS_block_size_y + 1) * OPS_block_size_y,
      ((z_size - 1) / OPS_block_size_z + 1) * OPS_block_size_z};
  size_t localWorkSize[3] = {OPS_block_size_x, OPS_block_size_y,
                             OPS_block_size_z};

  int *arg7h = (int *)arg7.data;

  int consts_bytes = 0;

  consts_bytes += ROUND_UP(NUM_FIELDS * sizeof(int));

  reallocConstArrays(consts_bytes);

  consts_bytes = 0;
  arg7.data = OPS_consts_h + consts_bytes;
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/* Build a pyramid. 
 *
 * width/height is the size of this layer, real_* the subsection of the layer
 * which is real pixels (as opposed to background). 
 */
static Layer *
pyramid_build( VipsForeignSaveDz *dz, Layer *above, 
	int width, int height, VipsRect *real_pixels )
{
	VipsForeignSave *save = VIPS_FOREIGN_SAVE( dz );
	Layer *layer = VIPS_NEW( dz, Layer );

	VipsRect strip;
	int limit; 

	layer->dz = dz;
	layer->width = width;
	layer->height = height;

	layer->tiles_across = ROUND_UP( width, dz->tile_size ) / dz->tile_size;
	layer->tiles_down = ROUND_UP( height, dz->tile_size ) / dz->tile_size;

	layer->real_pixels = *real_pixels; 

	layer->image = NULL;
	layer->strip = NULL;
	layer->copy = NULL;

	if( !above )
		/* Top of pyramid.
		 */
		layer->sub = 1;	
	else
		layer->sub = above->sub * 2;

	layer->below = NULL;
	layer->above = above;

	/* We round the image size up to an even number to make x2 shrink
	 * easy.
	 */
	layer->image = vips_image_new();
	if( vips_image_pipelinev( layer->image, 
		VIPS_DEMAND_STYLE_ANY, save->ready, NULL ) ) {
		layer_free( layer );
		return( NULL );
	}
	layer->image->Xsize = width + (width & 1);
	layer->image->Ysize = height + (height & 1);

	layer->strip = vips_region_new( layer->image );
	layer->copy = vips_region_new( layer->image );

	/* The regions will get used in the bg thread callback, so make sure
	 * we don't own them.
	 */
	vips__region_no_ownership( layer->strip );
	vips__region_no_ownership( layer->copy );

	/* Build a line of tiles here. Normally strips are height + 2 *
	 * overlap, but the first row is missing the top edge.
	 *
	 * Expand the strip if necessary to make sure we have an even 
	 * number of lines. 
	 */
	layer->y = 0;
	layer->write_y = 0;
	strip.left = 0;
	strip.top = 0;
	strip.width = layer->image->Xsize;
	strip.height = dz->tile_size + dz->overlap;
	if( (strip.height & 1) == 1 )
		strip.height += 1;
	if( vips_region_buffer( layer->strip, &strip ) ) {
		layer_free( layer );
		return( NULL );
	}

	switch( dz->depth ) {
	case VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_ONEPIXEL:
		limit = 1;
		break;

	case VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_ONETILE:
		limit = dz->tile_size;
		break;

	case VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_ONE:
		limit = VIPS_MAX( width, height );
		break;

	default:
		g_assert( 0 );
		limit = dz->tile_size;
		break;
	}

	if( width > limit || 
		height > limit ) {
		/* Round up, so eg. a 5 pixel wide image becomes 3 a layer
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/**
 * Create initial (temporary) page tables.
 *
 * We use 1MB (ARM_L1_SECTION_BYTES) pages (sections) with a single-level table.
 * This allows 1MB*4k (ARM_L1_MAX_ENTRIES) = 4G per pagetable.
 *
 * Hardware details can be found in:
 * ARM Architecture Reference Manual, ARMv7-A and ARMv7-R edition
 *   B3: Virtual Memory System Architecture (VMSA)
 */
void paging_init(void)
{
    /**
     * Make sure our page tables are correctly aligned in memory
     */
    assert(ROUND_UP((lpaddr_t)l1_low, ARM_L1_ALIGN) == (lpaddr_t)l1_low);
    assert(ROUND_UP((lpaddr_t)l1_high, ARM_L1_ALIGN) == (lpaddr_t)l1_high);

    /**
     * On ARMv7-A, physical RAM (PHYS_MEMORY_START) is the same with the
     * offset of mapped physical memory within virtual address space
     * (PHYS_MEMORY_START). 
     */
    STATIC_ASSERT(MEMORY_OFFSET == PHYS_MEMORY_START, "");

    /**
     * Zero the page tables: this has the effect of marking every PTE
     * as invalid.
     */
    memset(&l1_low,  0, sizeof(l1_low));
    memset(&l1_high, 0, sizeof(l1_high));
    memset(&l2_vec,  0, sizeof(l2_vec));

    /**
     * Now we lay out the kernel's virtual address space.
     *
     * 00000000-7FFFFFFFF: 1-1 mappings (hardware we have not mapped
     *                     into high kernel space yet)
     * 80000000-BFFFFFFFF: 1-1 mappings (this is 1GB of RAM)
     * C0000000-FEFFFFFFF: On-demand mappings of hardware devices,
     *                     allocated descending from DEVICE_OFFSET.
     * FF000000-FFEFFFFFF: Unallocated.
     * FFF00000-FFFFFFFFF: L2 table, containing:
     *      FFF00000-FFFEFFFF: Unallocated
     *      FFFF0000-FFFFFFFF: Exception vectors
     */    
    lvaddr_t base = 0;
    size_t i;
    for (i=0, base = 0; i < ARM_L1_MAX_ENTRIES/2; i++) {
        map_kernel_section_lo(base, make_dev_section(base));
        base += ARM_L1_SECTION_BYTES;
    }
    for (i=0, base = MEMORY_OFFSET; i < ARM_L1_MAX_ENTRIES/4; i++) {
        map_kernel_section_hi(base, make_ram_section(base));
        base += ARM_L1_SECTION_BYTES;
    }

    /* Map the exception vectors. */
    map_vectors();

    /**
     * TTBCR: Translation Table Base Control register.
     *  TTBCR.N is bits[2:0]
     * In a TLB miss TTBCR.N determines whether TTBR0 or TTBR1 is used as the
     * base address for the translation table walk in memory:
     *  N == 0 -> always use TTBR0
     *  N >  0 -> if VA[31:32-N] > 0 use TTBR1 else use TTBR0
     *
     * TTBR0 is typically used for processes-specific addresses
     * TTBR1 is typically used for OS addresses that do not change on context
     *       switch
     *
     * set TTBCR.N = 1 to use TTBR1 for VAs >= MEMORY_OFFSET (=2GB)
     */
    assert(mmu_enabled == false);
    cp15_invalidate_i_and_d_caches_fast();
    cp15_invalidate_tlb();
    cp15_write_ttbr1((lpaddr_t)l1_high);
    cp15_write_ttbr0((lpaddr_t)l1_low);
    #define TTBCR_N 1
    uint32_t ttbcr = cp15_read_ttbcr();
    ttbcr =  (ttbcr & ~7) | TTBCR_N;
    cp15_write_ttbcr(ttbcr);
    STATIC_ASSERT(1UL<<(32-TTBCR_N) == MEMORY_OFFSET, "");
    #undef TTBCR_N
    cp15_enable_mmu();
    cp15_enable_alignment();
    cp15_invalidate_i_and_d_caches_fast();
    cp15_invalidate_tlb();
    mmu_enabled = true;
}

static void virtex_init(MachineState *machine)
{
    ram_addr_t ram_size = machine->ram_size;
    const char *kernel_filename = machine->kernel_filename;
    const char *kernel_cmdline = machine->kernel_cmdline;
    hwaddr initrd_base = 0;
    int initrd_size = 0;
    MemoryRegion *address_space_mem = get_system_memory();
    DeviceState *dev;
    PowerPCCPU *cpu;
    CPUPPCState *env;
    hwaddr ram_base = 0;
    DriveInfo *dinfo;
    MemoryRegion *phys_ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
    qemu_irq irq[32], *cpu_irq;
    int kernel_size;
    int i;

    /* init CPUs */
    if (machine->cpu_model == NULL) {
        machine->cpu_model = "440-Xilinx";
    }

    cpu = ppc440_init_xilinx(&ram_size, 1, machine->cpu_model, 400000000);
    env = &cpu->env;
    qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);

    memory_region_allocate_system_memory(phys_ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
    memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);

    dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 0);
    pflash_cfi01_register(PFLASH_BASEADDR, NULL, "virtex.flash", FLASH_SIZE,
                          dinfo ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo) : NULL,
                          (64 * 1024), FLASH_SIZE >> 16,
                          1, 0x89, 0x18, 0x0000, 0x0, 1);

    cpu_irq = (qemu_irq *) &env->irq_inputs[PPC40x_INPUT_INT];
    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "xlnx.xps-intc");
    qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "kind-of-intr", 0);
    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
    sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, INTC_BASEADDR);
    sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, cpu_irq[0]);
    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        irq[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, i);
    }

    serial_mm_init(address_space_mem, UART16550_BASEADDR, 2, irq[UART16550_IRQ],
                   115200, serial_hds[0], DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);

    /* 2 timers at irq 2 @ 62 Mhz.  */
    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "xlnx.xps-timer");
    qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "one-timer-only", 0);
    qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "clock-frequency", 62 * 1000000);
    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
    sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, TIMER_BASEADDR);
    sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, irq[TIMER_IRQ]);

    if (kernel_filename) {
        uint64_t entry, low, high;
        hwaddr boot_offset;

        /* Boots a kernel elf binary.  */
        kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL,
                               &entry, &low, &high, 1, ELF_MACHINE, 0);
        boot_info.bootstrap_pc = entry & 0x00ffffff;

        if (kernel_size < 0) {
            boot_offset = 0x1200000;
            /* If we failed loading ELF's try a raw image.  */
            kernel_size = load_image_targphys(kernel_filename,
                                              boot_offset,
                                              ram_size);
            boot_info.bootstrap_pc = boot_offset;
            high = boot_info.bootstrap_pc + kernel_size + 8192;
        }

        boot_info.ima_size = kernel_size;

        /* Load initrd. */
        if (machine->initrd_filename) {
            initrd_base = high = ROUND_UP(high, 4);
            initrd_size = load_image_targphys(machine->initrd_filename,
                                              high, ram_size - high);

            if (initrd_size < 0) {
                error_report("couldn't load ram disk '%s'",
                             machine->initrd_filename);
                exit(1);
            }
            high = ROUND_UP(high + initrd_size, 4);
        }

        /* Provide a device-tree.  */
        boot_info.fdt = high + (8192 * 2);
        boot_info.fdt &= ~8191;

        xilinx_load_device_tree(boot_info.fdt, ram_size,
                                initrd_base, initrd_size,
                                kernel_cmdline);
    }
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

void _new_thread(struct k_thread *thread, k_thread_stack_t *stack,
		size_t stackSize, k_thread_entry_t pEntry,
		void *p1, void *p2, void *p3,
		int priority, unsigned int options)
{
	char *pStack = K_THREAD_STACK_BUFFER(stack);

	/* Align stack end to maximum alignment requirement. */
	char *stackEnd = (char *)ROUND_DOWN(pStack + stackSize, 16);
#if XCHAL_CP_NUM > 0
	u32_t *cpSA;
	char *cpStack;
#endif

	_new_thread_init(thread, pStack, stackSize, priority, options);

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
	printk("\nstackPtr = %p, stackSize = %d\n", pStack, stackSize);
	printk("stackEnd = %p\n", stackEnd);
#endif
#if XCHAL_CP_NUM > 0
	/* Ensure CP state descriptor is correctly initialized */
	cpStack = thread->arch.preempCoprocReg.cpStack; /* short hand alias */
	memset(cpStack, 0, XT_CP_ASA); /* Set to zero to avoid bad surprises */
	/* Coprocessor's stack is allocated just after the k_thread */
	cpSA = (u32_t *)(thread->arch.preempCoprocReg.cpStack + XT_CP_ASA);
	/* Coprocessor's save area alignment is at leat 16 bytes */
	*cpSA = ROUND_UP(cpSA + 1,
		(XCHAL_TOTAL_SA_ALIGN < 16 ? 16 : XCHAL_TOTAL_SA_ALIGN));
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
	printk("cpStack  = %p\n", thread->arch.preempCoprocReg.cpStack);
	printk("cpAsa    = %p\n",
	       *(void **)(thread->arch.preempCoprocReg.cpStack + XT_CP_ASA));
#endif
#endif
	/* Thread's first frame alignment is granted as both operands are
	 * aligned
	 */
	XtExcFrame *pInitCtx =
		(XtExcFrame *)(stackEnd - (XT_XTRA_SIZE - XT_CP_SIZE));
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
	printk("pInitCtx = %p\n", pInitCtx);
#endif
	/* Explicitly initialize certain saved registers */

	 /* task entrypoint */
	pInitCtx->pc   = (u32_t)_thread_entry;

	/* physical top of stack frame */
	pInitCtx->a1   = (u32_t)pInitCtx + XT_STK_FRMSZ;

	/* user exception exit dispatcher */
	pInitCtx->exit = (u32_t)_xt_user_exit;

	/* Set initial PS to int level 0, EXCM disabled, user mode.
	 * Also set entry point argument arg.
	 */
#ifdef __XTENSA_CALL0_ABI__
	pInitCtx->a2 = (u32_t)pEntry;
	pInitCtx->a3 = (u32_t)p1;
	pInitCtx->a4 = (u32_t)p2;
	pInitCtx->a5 = (u32_t)p3;
	pInitCtx->ps = PS_UM | PS_EXCM;
#else
	/* For windowed ABI set also WOE and CALLINC
	 * (pretend task is 'call4')
	 */
	pInitCtx->a6 = (u32_t)pEntry;
	pInitCtx->a7 = (u32_t)p1;
	pInitCtx->a8 = (u32_t)p2;
	pInitCtx->a9 = (u32_t)p3;
	pInitCtx->ps = PS_UM | PS_EXCM | PS_WOE | PS_CALLINC(1);
#endif
	thread->callee_saved.topOfStack = pInitCtx;
	thread->arch.flags = 0;
	/* initial values in all other registers/k_thread entries are
	 * irrelevant
	 */
}

// this is the start point of execution at 0xBFC4A000
// 
// it loads the IOPBTCONF module list from rom0 and compiles a
// list of modules and their addresses.
// 
// this list is then passed to loadcore as it is executed in order
// to then load the rest of the modules
// 
// args:	total size of IOP ram in MegaBytes
//			bootinfo flags
//			string containing the reboot image filepath
//			? doesnt seem to be used
void _start(int ramMBSize, int bootInfo, char* udnlString, int unk)
{
	ROMFS ri;
	void *(*sysmem_entry)(u32 iopmemsize);
	void (*loadcore_entry)(BOOT_PARAMS *init);
	int i;
    ROMDIR_INFO romdir_info;
    ROMFILE_INFO romfile_info;
	char conf_filename[10];
    int ram_byte_size, num_lines;
    u32 module_load_addr;
    u32** modules_ptr;
    char* file_data_ptr, *file_data_end;
    void* psysmemstart;
    BOOT_PARAMS* boot_params;

    if( ramMBSize <= 2 )
        ram_byte_size = 2;
    else
        ram_byte_size = ramMBSize;
	ram_byte_size <<= 20;
    
    // compile module list to send to loadcore
    boot_params = (BOOT_PARAMS*)0x30000; // random address, has to be clear before loadcore call
	boot_params->ramMBSize	= ramMBSize;
	boot_params->bootInfo		= bootInfo;
	boot_params->udnlString	= NULL;
	boot_params->moduleAddrs	= (u32**)((u32)boot_params + sizeof(BOOT_PARAMS)); // right after

    // if a undl string is specified, get a copy of it and store a pointer to it
	if(udnlString)
	{
		boot_params->udnlString = (char*)boot_params->moduleAddrs;
		kstrcpy(boot_params->udnlString, udnlString);
		boot_params->moduleAddrs = (u32**)((u32)boot_params->udnlString + ROUND_UP(kstrlen(udnlString) + 8, 4));
	}

    // find the romdir table in the rom
    if( searchRomDir((u32*)0xBFC00000, (u32*)0xBFC10000, &romdir_info) == NULL )
	{
        __printf("IOPBOOT: failed to find start of rom!\n");
		// error - cant find romdir!
		while(1) *(u8*)0x80000000 = 0;
	}

    // find the bootconf file in the romdir table
    kstrcpy(conf_filename, "IOPBTCONF");
	conf_filename[8] = '0' + bootInfo;
	if( !searchFileInRom(&romdir_info, conf_filename, &romfile_info) )
	{
		kstrcpy(conf_filename, "IOPBTCONF");
		if( !searchFileInRom(&romdir_info, conf_filename, &romfile_info) )
		{
            __printf("IOPBTCONF file not found!\n");
			// error - cant find conf file!
			while(1) *(u8*)0x80000000 = 1;
		}
	}

    // count the number of lines in conf file
    file_data_ptr = (char*)romfile_info.fileData;
    file_data_end = (char*)romfile_info.fileData + romfile_info.entry->fileSize;    
    {
        num_lines = 0;
        while( file_data_ptr < file_data_end ) {
            // loop until a "newline" charcter is found
            while(file_data_ptr < file_data_end) {
                if(*file_data_ptr++ < ' ')
                    break;
            }
            
            // loop until a "non-newline" charcter is found
            while(file_data_ptr < file_data_end) {
                if(*file_data_ptr++ >= ' ')
                    break;
            }
            
            num_lines++;
        }
        num_lines++;
    }

    // get the addresses of each module
    {
        module_load_addr = 0;
        boot_params->numConfLines = num_lines-1;
        modules_ptr = boot_params->moduleAddrs;
        char* file_data_ptr = (char*)romfile_info.fileData;
//.........这里部分代码省略.........