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C++ std::equal_to用法及代碼示例


std::equal_to允許將相等比較用作函數,這意味著可以將其作為參數傳遞給模板和函數。對於相等運算符==,這是不可能的,因為運算符不能作為參數傳遞。

頭文件:

#include <functional.h>

模板類別:

template struct equal_to:binary_function
{
 
  // Declaration of the equal operation
  bool operator() (const T& x,
                   const T& y) 
       const 
  { 
     return x==y;
  }

  // Type of first parameter
  typedef T first_argument_type;

  // Type of second parameter
  typedef T second_argument_type;

  // The result is returned
  // as bool type
  typedef bool result_type;
}

用法:

std::equal_to <int> ()

參數:該函數接受參數T的類型作為參數,以供函數調用進行比較。



返回類型:它根據條件返回布爾值(讓a和b為2個元素):

  • 真正:如果a等於b。
  • 假:如果a不等於b。

下麵是C++中std::equal_to的圖示:

程序1:

// C++ code to illustrate std::equal_to 
#include <algorithm> 
#include <functional> 
#include <iostream> 
#include <vector> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Driver Code 
int main() 
{ 
    // Intialise vectors 
    vector<int> v1 = { 50, 55, 60,  
                       65, 70 }; 
    vector<int> v2 = { 50, 55, 85,  
                       65, 70 }; 
  
    // Declaring pointer of pairs 
    pair<vector<int>::iterator, 
         vector<int>::iterator> 
        pairs1; 
  
    // Use mismatch() function to 
    // search first mismatch between 
    // v1 and v2 
    pairs1 = mismatch(v1.begin(), v1.end(), 
                      v2.begin(), 
                      equal_to<int>()); 
  
    // Print the mismatch pair 
    cout << "The 1st mismatch element"
         << " of 1st container:"; 
    cout << *pairs1.first << endl; 
  
    cout << "The 1st mismatch element"
         << " of 2nd container:"; 
    cout << *pairs1.second << endl; 
  
    return 0; 
}
輸出:
The 1st mismatch element of 1st container:60
The 1st mismatch element of 2nd container:85

程序2:

// C++ program to illustrate std::equals_to 
#include <algorithm> 
#include <functional> 
#include <iostream> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Template 
template <typename A, typename B,  
          typename U = std::equal_to<int> > 
  
// Function to check if a = b or not 
bool f(A a, B b, U u = U()) 
{ 
    return u(a, b); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
int main() 
{ 
    int X = 1, Y = 2; 
  
    // If X is equals to Y or not 
    cout << std::boolalpha; 
    cout << f(X, Y) << '\n'; 
  
    X = -1, Y = -1; 
  
    // If X is equals to Y or not 
    cout << f(X, Y) << '\n'; 
  
    return 0; 
}
輸出:
false
true

參考: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/functional/equal_to/




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注:本文由純淨天空篩選整理自nishanthandge大神的英文原創作品 std::equal_to in C++ with Examples。非經特殊聲明,原始代碼版權歸原作者所有,本譯文未經允許或授權,請勿轉載或複製。