sample()是Python中隨機模塊的內置函數,可返回從序列中選擇的項目的特定長度列表,即列表,元組,字符串或集合。用於隨機抽樣而無需更換。
用法: random.sample(sequence, k)
參數:
sequence:可以是列表,元組,字符串或集合。
k:一個整數值,它指定樣本的長度。
返回:k長度從序列中選擇的新元素列表。
代碼1:sample()函數的簡單實現。
# Python3 program to demonstrate
# the use of sample() function .
# import random
from random import sample
# Prints list of random items of given length
list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(sample(list1,3))
輸出:
[2, 3, 5]
代碼2:sample()函數的基本用法。
# Python3 program to demonstrate
# the use of sample() function .
# import random
import random
# Prints list of random items of
# length 3 from the given list.
list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
print("With list:", random.sample(list1, 3))
# Prints list of random items of
# length 4 from the given string.
string = "GeeksforGeeks"
print("With string:", random.sample(string, 4))
# Prints list of random items of
# length 4 from the given tuple.
tuple1 = ("ankit", "geeks", "computer", "science",
"portal", "scientist", "btech")
print("With tuple:", random.sample(tuple1, 4))
# Prints list of random items of
# length 3 from the given set.
set1 = {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}
print("With set:", random.sample(set1, 3))
輸出:
With list:[3, 1, 2] With string:['e', 'f', 'G', 'G'] With tuple:['ankit', 'portal', 'geeks', 'computer'] With set:['b', 'd', 'c']
注意:每次返回隨機項目時,輸出都會有所不同。
代碼3:引發異常
如果樣本大小(即k)大於序列大小,則會引發ValueError。
# Python3 program to demonstrate the
# error of sample() function.
import random
list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
# exception raised
print(random.sample(list1, 5))
輸出:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Users/user/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python36/all_prgm/geeks_article/sample_method_article.py", line 8, in print(random.sample(list1, 5)) File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\random.py", line 317, in sample raise ValueError("Sample larger than population or is negative") ValueError:Sample larger than population or is negative
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注:本文由純淨天空篩選整理自AnkitRai01大神的英文原創作品 Python | random.sample() function。非經特殊聲明,原始代碼版權歸原作者所有,本譯文未經允許或授權,請勿轉載或複製。