Java AWT Desktop用法及代碼示例

Desktop 類是 Java AWT 包的一部分。此類用於啟動在本機桌麵上注冊的關聯應用程序以處理URI或文件。

關於桌麵課程的要點：

• 它可以打開顯示特定URI的默認網絡瀏覽器
• 它可以啟動默認郵件客戶端，並帶有可選的 mailto URI
• 它可以啟動注冊的應用程序來打開、編輯或打印特定文件。

Different Methods in Desktop Class

方法	解釋
browse(URI u)	啟動默認瀏覽器以顯示特定 URI。
edit(File f)	啟動關聯的編輯器應用程序並打開文件。
getDesktop()	返回當前瀏覽器上下文的桌麵實例。
isDesktopSupported()	返回當前平台是否支持此類。
isSupported(桌麵.Action 操作)	返回當前平台是否支持某個操作。
mail()	啟動用戶默認郵件客戶端的郵件撰寫窗口。
mail(URI mailtoURI)	啟動用戶默認郵件客戶端的郵件撰寫窗口，填充由 mailto: URI 指定的消息字段。
open(File f)	啟動關聯的應用程序以打開文件
print(File f)	使用關聯應用程序的打印命令，通過本機桌麵打印工具打印文件。

以下示例程序旨在說明 Java AWT 中的 Desktop 類：

• 啟動瀏覽器並打開特定 URI 的程序

  
  // Java Program to Launch the browser 
  // and open a specific URI 
  import java.awt.*; 
  import javax.swing.*; 
  import java.awt.event.*; 
  import java.net.*; 
    
  class desk extends JFrame implements ActionListener { 
    
      // frame 
      static JFrame f; 
        
      // Main Method  
      public static void main(String args[]) 
      { 
          desk d = new desk(); 
    
          // create a frame 
          f = new JFrame("desktop"); 
    
          // create a panel 
          JPanel p = new JPanel(); 
    
          // create a button 
          JButton b = new JButton("launch"); 
    
          // add Action Listener 
          b.addActionListener(d); 
    
          p.add(b); 
          f.add(p); 
          f.show(); 
          f.setSize(200, 200); 
      } 
    
      // if button is pressed 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
      { 
          try { 
    
              // create a URI 
              URI u = new URI("www.geeksforgeeks.org"); 
    
              Desktop d = Desktop.getDesktop(); 
              d.browse(u); 
          } 
          catch (Exception evt) { 
          } 
      } 
  } 

  輸出：

  

• 用於將郵件發送到特定 URI 的程序

  
  // Java Program to Launch the 
  // mail to a specific URI 
  import java.awt.*; 
  import javax.swing.*; 
  import java.awt.event.*; 
  import java.net.*; 
    
  class desk extends JFrame implements ActionListener { 
    
      // frame 
      static JFrame f; 
    
      // Main Method 
      public static void main(String args[]) 
      { 
          desk d = new desk(); 
    
          // create a frame 
          f = new JFrame("desktop"); 
    
          // create a panel 
          JPanel p = new JPanel(); 
    
          // create a button 
          JButton b = new JButton("launch"); 
    
          // add Action Listener 
          b.addActionListener(d); 
    
          p.add(b); 
          f.add(p); 
          f.show(); 
          f.setSize(200, 200); 
      } 
    
      // if button is pressed 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
      { 
          try { 
              URI u = new URI("mailto:review-team@geeksforgeeks.org"); 
    
              Desktop d = Desktop.getDesktop(); 
              d.mail(u); 
          } 
          catch (Exception evt) { 
              JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, evt.getMessage()); 
          } 
      } 
  } 

  輸出：

  

• 打開文件的程序

  
  // Java Program to open a file 
  import java.awt.*; 
  import javax.swing.*; 
  import java.awt.event.*; 
  import java.io.*; 
  import java.net.*; 
  class desk extends JFrame implements ActionListener { 
      // frame 
      static JFrame f; 
         
      // Main Method 
      public static void main(String args[]) 
      { 
          desk d = new desk(); 
    
          // create a frame 
          f = new JFrame("desktop"); 
    
          // create a panel 
          JPanel p = new JPanel(); 
    
          // create a button 
          JButton b = new JButton("launch"); 
    
          // add Action Listener 
          b.addActionListener(d); 
    
          p.add(b); 
          f.add(p); 
          f.show(); 
          f.setSize(200, 200); 
      } 
    
      // if button is pressed 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
      { 
          try { 
    
              // create a file 
              File u = new File("f:\\image.png"); 
    
              Desktop d = Desktop.getDesktop(); 
              d.open(u); 
          } 
          catch (Exception evt) { 
              JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, evt.getMessage()); 
          } 
      } 
  } 

  輸出：
  

• 打開文件進行編輯的程序

  
  // Java Program to open a file for editing 
  import java.awt.*; 
  import javax.swing.*; 
  import java.awt.event.*; 
  import java.io.*; 
  import java.net.*; 
    
  class desk extends JFrame implements ActionListener { 
    
      // frame 
      static JFrame f; 
    
      // Main Method 
      public static void main(String args[]) 
      { 
          desk d = new desk(); 
    
          // create a frame 
          f = new JFrame("desktop"); 
    
          // create a panel 
          JPanel p = new JPanel(); 
    
          // create a button 
          JButton b = new JButton("launch"); 
    
          // add Action Listener 
          b.addActionListener(d); 
    
          p.add(b); 
          f.add(p); 
          f.show(); 
          f.setSize(200, 200); 
      } 
    
      // if button is pressed 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
      { 
          try { 
    
              // create a file 
              File u = new File("f:\\sample.txt"); 
    
              Desktop d = Desktop.getDesktop(); 
              d.edit(u); 
          } 
          catch (Exception evt) { 
              JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, evt.getMessage()); 
          } 
      } 
  } 

  輸出：

  

• 打開文件進行打印的程序

  
  // Java Program to open a file for printing 
  import java.awt.*; 
  import javax.swing.*; 
  import java.awt.event.*; 
  import java.io.*; 
  import java.net.*; 
    
  class desk extends JFrame implements ActionListener { 
    
      // frame 
      static JFrame f; 
    
      // Main Method 
      public static void main(String args[]) 
      { 
          desk d = new desk(); 
    
          // create a frame 
          f = new JFrame("desktop"); 
    
          // create a panel 
          JPanel p = new JPanel(); 
    
          // create a button 
          JButton b = new JButton("launch"); 
    
          // add Action Listener 
          b.addActionListener(d); 
    
          p.add(b); 
          f.add(p); 
          f.show(); 
          f.setSize(200, 200); 
      } 
    
      // if button is pressed 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) 
      { 
          try { 
    
              // create a file 
              File u = new File("f:\\sample.txt"); 
    
              Desktop d = Desktop.getDesktop(); 
              d.print(u); 
          } 
          catch (Exception evt) { 
              JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, evt.getMessage()); 
          } 
      } 
  } 

  輸出：
  

參考： https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/Desktop.html