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Java AWT CardLayout用法及代碼示例


CardLayout 類以一次隻有一個組件可見的方式管理組件。它將每個組件視為容器中的一張卡片。一次隻能看到一張卡片，容器充當一堆卡片。第一個組件添加到CardLayoutobject 是容器第一次顯示時可見的組件。

構造函數：

  1. CardLayout():它用於創建間隙大小為零的新卡片布局。
  2. CardLayout(int水平間隙，int垂直間隙)：它用於創建具有指定水平和垂直間隙的新CardLayout 類。

常用方法：

  • getLayoutAlignmentX(容器父級)：返回沿 x 軸的對齊方式。
  • getLayoutAlignmentY(容器父級)：返回沿 y 軸的對齊方式。
  • getVgap():用於獲取組件之間的垂直間隙。
  • addLayoutComponent(組件cm，對象cn)：用於將指定的組件添加到該卡布局的內部名稱表中。
  • getHgap():用於獲取組件之間的水平間隙。
  • toString():返回此卡片布局狀態的字符串表示形式。
  • 移除LayoutComponent(組件cm)：用於從布局中刪除指定的組件。

以下示例程序旨在說明 CardLayout 類：

  • 程序1:在下麵的程序中我們安排了幾個J標簽組件在一個J框架，其實例類是“卡片布局”。我們創造了3個J按鈕名為“的組件BT1“，”BT2“，”BT3”，然後將它們添加到J框架通過使用add()方法。我們通過方法設置框架的大小和可見性setSize()和setVisible()。布局通過方法設置setLayout()方法。

Java 


// Java program to illustrate the CardLayout Class
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.*;
// class extends JFrame and implements actionlistener
public class Cardlayout extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    // Declaration of objects of CardLayout class.
    CardLayout card;
    // Declaration of objects of JButton class.
    JButton b1, b2, b3;
    // Declaration of objects
    // of Container class.
    Container c;
    Cardlayout()
    {
        // to get the content
        c = getContentPane();
        // Initialization of object "card"
        // of CardLayout class with 40 
        // horizontal space and 30 vertical space .
        card = new CardLayout(40, 30);
        // set the layout
        c.setLayout(card);
        // Initialization of object "b1" of JButton class.
        b1 = new JButton("GEEKS");
        // Initialization of object "b2" of JButton class.
        b2 = new JButton("FOR");
        // Initialization of object "b3" of JButton class.
        b3 = new JButton("GEEKS");
        // this Keyword refers to current object.
        // Adding Jbutton "b1" on JFrame using ActionListener.
        b1.addActionListener(this);
        // Adding Jbutton "b2" on JFrame using ActionListener.
        b2.addActionListener(this);
        // Adding Jbutton "b3" on JFrame using ActionListener.
        b3.addActionListener(this);
        // Adding the JButton "b1"
        c.add("a", b1);
        // Adding the JButton "b2"
        c.add("b", b2);
        // Adding the JButton "b1"
        c.add("c", b3);
    }
     
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
    {
         
        // call the next card
        card.next(c);
    }
    // Main Method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
         
        // Creating Object of CardLayout class.
        Cardlayout cl = new Cardlayout();
        // Function to set size of JFrame.
        cl.setSize(400, 400);
        // Function to set visibility of JFrame.
        cl.setVisible(true);
        // Function to set default operation of JFrame.
        cl.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

輸出：

  • 程序2:在下麵的程序中我們安排了 4J標簽組件在一個J框架，誰的類“CardlayoutDemo”。我們創造 4J按鈕名為“的組件第一個按鈕“，”下一個按鈕“，”上一個按鈕“，”最後按鈕”和 4J標簽名為“的組件jl1“，”jl2“，”jl3” “jl4”。這裏我們還創建了4個J麵板組件命名為“傑普1“，”傑普2“，”傑普3“，”傑普4”，然後將它們添加到J框架通過使用add()方法。我們將使用以下命令設置框架的大小、可見性和標題setSize(),setVisible()和setTitle()方法分別。布局是通過使用設置的setLayout()方法。

Java 


// Java program to show Example of CardLayout.
// in java. Importing different Package.
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;
// class extends JFrame
public class CardLayoutDemo extends JFrame {
    // Initialization the value of
    // current card is 1 .
    private int currentCard = 1;
    // Declaration of objects 
    // of CardLayout class.
    private CardLayout cl;
    public CardLayoutDemo()
    {
        // Function to set visibility of JFrame
        setTitle("Card Layout Example");
        // Function to set visibility of JFrame
        setSize(300, 150);
        // Creating Object of "Jpanel" class
        JPanel cardPanel = new JPanel();
        // Initialization of object "c1"
        // of CardLayout class.
        cl = new CardLayout();
        // set the layout
        cardPanel.setLayout(cl);
        // Initialization of object 
        // "jp1" of JPanel class.
        JPanel jp1 = new JPanel();
        // Initialization of object 
        // "jp2" of CardLayout class.
        JPanel jp2 = new JPanel();
        // Initialization of object 
        // "jp3" of CardLayout class.
        JPanel jp3 = new JPanel();
        // Initialization of object
        // "jp4" of CardLayout class.
        JPanel jp4 = new JPanel();
        // Initialization of object
        // "jl1" of JLabel class.
        JLabel jl1 = new JLabel("Card1");
        // Initialization of object 
        // "jl2" of JLabel class.
        JLabel jl2 = new JLabel("Card2");
        // Initialization of object 
        // "jl3" of JLabel class.
        JLabel jl3 = new JLabel("Card3");
        // Initialization of object 
        // "jl4" of JLabel class.
        JLabel jl4 = new JLabel("Card4");
        // Adding JPanel "jp1" on JFrame.
        jp1.add(jl1);
        // Adding JPanel "jp2" on JFrame.
        jp2.add(jl2);
        // Adding JPanel "jp3" on JFrame.
        jp3.add(jl3);
        // Adding JPanel "jp4" on JFrame.
        jp4.add(jl4);
        // Adding the cardPanel on "jp1"
        cardPanel.add(jp1, "1");
        // Adding the cardPanel on "jp2"
        cardPanel.add(jp2, "2");
        // Adding the cardPanel on "jp3"
        cardPanel.add(jp3, "3");
        // Adding the cardPanel on "jp4"
        cardPanel.add(jp4, "4");
        // Creating Object of "JPanel" class
        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        // Initialization of object 
        // "firstbtn" of JButton class.
        JButton firstBtn = new JButton("First");
        // Initialization of object
        // "nextbtn" of JButton class.
        JButton nextBtn = new JButton("Next");
        // Initialization of object
        // "previousbtn" of JButton class.
        JButton previousBtn = new JButton("Previous");
        // Initialization of object 
        // "lastbtn" of JButton class.
        JButton lastBtn = new JButton("Last");
        // Adding JButton "firstbtn" on JFrame.
        buttonPanel.add(firstBtn);
        // Adding JButton "nextbtn" on JFrame.
        buttonPanel.add(nextBtn);
        // Adding JButton "previousbtn" on JFrame.
        buttonPanel.add(previousBtn);
        // Adding JButton "lastbtn" on JFrame.
        buttonPanel.add(lastBtn);
        // add firstbtn in ActionListener
        firstBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() 
        {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0)
            {
                 
                // used first c1 CardLayout
                cl.first(cardPanel);
                // value of currentcard is 1
                currentCard = 1;
            }
        });
        // add lastbtn in ActionListener
        lastBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() 
        {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0)
            {
                // used last c1 CardLayout
                cl.last(cardPanel);
                // value of currentcard is 4
                currentCard = 4;
            }
        });
        // add nextbtn in ActionListener
        nextBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() 
        {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0)
            {
                // if condition apply
                if (currentCard < 4) 
                {
                     
                    // increment the value of currentcard by 1
                    currentCard += 1;
                    // show the value of currentcard
                    cl.show(cardPanel, "" + (currentCard));
                }
            }
        });
        // add previousbtn in ActionListener
        previousBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() 
        {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0)
            {
                // if condition apply
                if (currentCard > 1) {
                    // decrement the value 
                    // of currentcard by 1
                    currentCard -= 1;
                    // show the value of currentcard
                    cl.show(cardPanel, "" + (currentCard));
                }
            }
        });
        // used to get content pane
        getContentPane().add(cardPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        // used to get content pane
        getContentPane().add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    }
    // Main Method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Creating Object of CardLayoutDemo class.
        CardLayoutDemo cl = new CardLayoutDemo();
        // Function to set default operation of JFrame.
        cl.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        // Function to set visibility of JFrame.
        cl.setVisible(true);
    }
}

輸出：

注意：上述程序可能無法在在線 IDE 中運行。請使用離線編譯器。

參考： https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/CardLayout.html 



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注：本文由純淨天空篩選整理自佚名大神的英文原創作品 Java AWT | CardLayout Class。非經特殊聲明，原始代碼版權歸原作者所有，本譯文未經允許或授權，請勿轉載或複製。