C# Random.Sample方法代碼示例

//引入命名空間
using System;

// This derived class converts the uniformly distributed random 
// numbers generated by base.Sample( ) to another distribution.
public class RandomProportional : Random
{
    // The Sample method generates a distribution proportional to the value 
    // of the random numbers, in the range [0.0, 1.0].
    protected override double Sample( )
    {
        return Math.Sqrt( base.Sample( ) );
    }
   
    public override int Next()
    {
       return (int) (Sample() * int.MaxValue);
    }   
}

public class RandomSampleDemo  
{
    static void Main( )
    {	
        const int rows = 4, cols = 6;
        const int runCount = 1000000;
        const int distGroupCount = 10;
        const double intGroupSize = 
            ( (double)int.MaxValue + 1.0 ) / (double)distGroupCount;

        RandomProportional randObj = new RandomProportional( );

        int[ ]      intCounts = new int[ distGroupCount ];
        int[ ]      realCounts = new int[ distGroupCount ];

        Console.WriteLine( 
            "\nThe derived RandomProportional class overrides " +
            "the Sample method to \ngenerate random numbers " +
            "in the range [0.0, 1.0]. The distribution \nof " +
            "the numbers is proportional to their numeric values. " +
            "For example, \nnumbers are generated in the " +
            "vicinity of 0.75 with three times the \n" +
            "probability of those generated near 0.25." );
        Console.WriteLine( 
            "\nRandom doubles generated with the NextDouble( ) " +
            "method:\n" );

        // Generate and display [rows * cols] random doubles.
        for( int i = 0; i < rows; i++ )
        {
            for( int j = 0; j < cols; j++ )
                Console.Write( "{0,12:F8}", randObj.NextDouble( ) );
            Console.WriteLine( );
        }

        Console.WriteLine( 
            "\nRandom integers generated with the Next( ) " +
            "method:\n" );

        // Generate and display [rows * cols] random integers.
        for( int i = 0; i < rows; i++ )
        {
            for( int j = 0; j < cols; j++ )
                Console.Write( "{0,12}", randObj.Next( ) );
            Console.WriteLine( );
        }

        Console.WriteLine( 
            "\nTo demonstrate the proportional distribution, " +
            "{0:N0} random \nintegers and doubles are grouped " +
            "into {1} equal value ranges. This \n" +
            "is the count of values in each range:\n",
            runCount, distGroupCount );
        Console.WriteLine( 
            "{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", "Integer Range",
            "Count", "Double Range", "Count" );
        Console.WriteLine( 
            "{0,21}{1,10}{2,20}{3,10}", "-------------",
            "-----", "------------", "-----" );

        // Generate random integers and doubles, and then count 
        // them by group.
        for( int i = 0; i < runCount; i++ )
        {
            intCounts[ (int)( (double)randObj.Next( ) / 
                intGroupSize ) ]++;
            realCounts[ (int)( randObj.NextDouble( ) * 
                (double)distGroupCount ) ]++;
        }

        // Display the count of each group.
        for( int i = 0; i < distGroupCount; i++ )
            Console.WriteLine( 
                "{0,10}-{1,10}{2,10:N0}{3,12:N5}-{4,7:N5}{5,10:N0}",
                (int)( (double)i * intGroupSize ),
                (int)( (double)( i + 1 ) * intGroupSize - 1.0 ),
                intCounts[ i ],
                ( (double)i ) / (double)distGroupCount,
                ( (double)( i + 1 ) ) / (double)distGroupCount,
                realCounts[ i ] );
    }
}