C++ DescribePixelFormat函數代碼示例

/*
** GLW_MakeContext
*/
static int GLW_MakeContext( PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR *pPFD ) {
	int pixelformat;

	//
	// don't putz around with pixelformat if it's already set (e.g. this is a soft
	// reset of the graphics system)
	//
	if ( !glw_state.pixelFormatSet ) {
		//
		// choose, set, and describe our desired pixel format.  If we're
		// using a minidriver then we need to bypass the GDI functions,
		// otherwise use the GDI functions.
		//
		if ( ( pixelformat = GLW_ChoosePFD( glw_state.hDC, pPFD ) ) == 0 ) {
			ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "...GLW_ChoosePFD failed\n" );
			return TRY_PFD_FAIL_SOFT;
		}
		ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "...PIXELFORMAT %d selected\n", pixelformat );

		if ( glConfig.driverType > GLDRV_ICD ) {
			qwglDescribePixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, pixelformat, sizeof( *pPFD ), pPFD );
			if ( qwglSetPixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, pixelformat, pPFD ) == FALSE ) {
				ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "...qwglSetPixelFormat failed\n" );
				return TRY_PFD_FAIL_SOFT;
			}
		} else
		{
			DescribePixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, pixelformat, sizeof( *pPFD ), pPFD );

			if ( SetPixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, pixelformat, pPFD ) == FALSE ) {
				ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "...SetPixelFormat failed\n", glw_state.hDC );
				return TRY_PFD_FAIL_SOFT;
			}
		}

		glw_state.pixelFormatSet = qtrue;
	}

	//
	// startup the OpenGL subsystem by creating a context and making it current
	//
	if ( !glw_state.hGLRC ) {
		ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "...creating GL context: " );
		if ( ( glw_state.hGLRC = qwglCreateContext( glw_state.hDC ) ) == 0 ) {
			ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "failed\n" );

			return TRY_PFD_FAIL_HARD;
		}
		ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "succeeded\n" );

		ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "...making context current: " );
		if ( !qwglMakeCurrent( glw_state.hDC, glw_state.hGLRC ) ) {
			qwglDeleteContext( glw_state.hGLRC );
			glw_state.hGLRC = NULL;
			ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "failed\n" );
			return TRY_PFD_FAIL_HARD;
		}
		ri.Printf( PRINT_ALL, "succeeded\n" );
	}

	return TRY_PFD_SUCCESS;
}

// Return a list of available and usable framebuffer configs
//
static GLboolean choosePixelFormat(_GLFWwindow* window,
                                   const _GLFWfbconfig* desired,
                                   int* result)
{
    _GLFWfbconfig* usableConfigs;
    const _GLFWfbconfig* closest;
    int i, nativeCount, usableCount;

    if (window->wgl.ARB_pixel_format)
    {
        nativeCount = getPixelFormatAttrib(window,
                                         1,
                                         WGL_NUMBER_PIXEL_FORMATS_ARB);
    }
    else
    {
        nativeCount = DescribePixelFormat(window->wgl.dc,
                                          1,
                                          sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),
                                          NULL);
    }

    if (!nativeCount)
    {
        _glfwInputError(GLFW_API_UNAVAILABLE, "WGL: No pixel formats found");
        return GL_FALSE;
    }

    usableConfigs = calloc(nativeCount, sizeof(_GLFWfbconfig));
    usableCount = 0;

    for (i = 0;  i < nativeCount;  i++)
    {
        const int n = i + 1;
        _GLFWfbconfig* u = usableConfigs + usableCount;

        if (window->wgl.ARB_pixel_format)
        {
            // Get pixel format attributes through WGL_ARB_pixel_format
            if (!getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_SUPPORT_OPENGL_ARB) ||
                !getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_DRAW_TO_WINDOW_ARB) ||
                !getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_DOUBLE_BUFFER_ARB))
            {
                continue;
            }

            if (getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_PIXEL_TYPE_ARB) !=
                WGL_TYPE_RGBA_ARB)
            {
                continue;
            }

            if (getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_ACCELERATION_ARB) ==
                 WGL_NO_ACCELERATION_ARB)
            {
                continue;
            }

            u->redBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_RED_BITS_ARB);
            u->greenBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_GREEN_BITS_ARB);
            u->blueBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_BLUE_BITS_ARB);
            u->alphaBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_ALPHA_BITS_ARB);

            u->depthBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_DEPTH_BITS_ARB);
            u->stencilBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_STENCIL_BITS_ARB);

            u->accumRedBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_ACCUM_RED_BITS_ARB);
            u->accumGreenBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_ACCUM_GREEN_BITS_ARB);
            u->accumBlueBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_ACCUM_BLUE_BITS_ARB);
            u->accumAlphaBits = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_ACCUM_ALPHA_BITS_ARB);

            u->auxBuffers = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_AUX_BUFFERS_ARB);
            u->stereo = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_STEREO_ARB);

            if (window->wgl.ARB_multisample)
                u->samples = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_SAMPLES_ARB);

            if (window->wgl.ARB_framebuffer_sRGB)
                u->sRGB = getPixelFormatAttrib(window, n, WGL_FRAMEBUFFER_SRGB_CAPABLE_ARB);
        }
        else
        {
            PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;

            // Get pixel format attributes through old-fashioned PFDs

            if (!DescribePixelFormat(window->wgl.dc,
                                     n,
                                     sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),
                                     &pfd))
            {
                continue;
            }

            if (!(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW) ||
                !(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL) ||
                !(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER))
            {
//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

/*
 * Find an appropriate pixel format
 */
static int findPixelFormatFromBPP(JNIEnv *env, HDC hdc, jobject pixel_format, int bpp, bool double_buffer)
{
	jclass cls_pixel_format = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, pixel_format);
	int alpha = (int)(*env)->GetIntField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "alpha", "I"));
	int depth = (int)(*env)->GetIntField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "depth", "I"));
	int stencil = (int)(*env)->GetIntField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "stencil", "I"));
	int num_aux_buffers = (int)(*env)->GetIntField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "num_aux_buffers", "I"));
	int accum_bpp = (int)(*env)->GetIntField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "accum_bpp", "I"));
	int accum_alpha = (int)(*env)->GetIntField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "accum_alpha", "I"));
	jboolean stereo = (*env)->GetBooleanField(env, pixel_format, (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls_pixel_format, "stereo", "Z"));
	unsigned int flags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |   // support window
		PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |
		(double_buffer ? PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER : 0) |
		(stereo ? PFD_STEREO : 0);
	PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR desc;
	int iPixelFormat;
	PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd = {
		sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),   // size of this pfd
		1,                     // version number
		flags,         // RGBA type
		PFD_TYPE_RGBA,
		(BYTE)bpp,
		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,      // color bits ignored
		(BYTE)alpha,
		0,                     // shift bit ignored
		accum_bpp + accum_alpha,                     // no accumulation buffer
		0, 0, 0, 0,            // accum bits ignored
		(BYTE)depth,
		(BYTE)stencil,
		num_aux_buffers,
		PFD_MAIN_PLANE,        // main layer
		0,                     // reserved
		0, 0, 0                // layer masks ignored
	};
	// get the best available match of pixel format for the device context
	iPixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(hdc, &pfd);
	if (iPixelFormat == 0) {
		throwException(env, "Failed to choose pixel format");
		return -1;
	}

	if (DescribePixelFormat(hdc, iPixelFormat, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &desc) == 0) {
		throwException(env, "Could not describe pixel format");
		return -1;
	}

	if (desc.cColorBits < bpp) {
		throwException(env, "Insufficient color precision");
		return -1;
	}

	if (desc.cAlphaBits < alpha) {
		throwException(env, "Insufficient alpha precision");
		return -1;
	}

	if (desc.cStencilBits < stencil) {
		throwException(env, "Insufficient stencil precision");
		return -1;
	}

	if (desc.cDepthBits < depth) {
		throwException(env, "Insufficient depth buffer precision");
		return -1;
	}

	if ((desc.dwFlags & PFD_GENERIC_FORMAT) != 0) {
		jboolean allowSoftwareOpenGL = getBooleanProperty(env, "org.lwjgl.opengl.Display.allowSoftwareOpenGL");
		// secondary check for software override
		if(!allowSoftwareOpenGL) {
			throwException(env, "Pixel format not accelerated");
			return -1;
		}
	}

	if ((desc.dwFlags & flags) != flags) {
		throwException(env, "Capabilities not supported");
		return -1;
	}
	return iPixelFormat;
}

/* Функция инициализации анимации.
 * АРГУМЕНТЫ:
 *   - дескриптор окна:
 *       HWND hWnd;
 * ВОЗВРАЩАЕМОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ: Нет.
 */
BOOL OK2_AnimInit( HWND hWnd )
{
  LARGE_INTEGER li;
  INT i;

  /* Init window parametrs */
  OK2_Anim.hDC = GetDC(hWnd);
  OK2_Anim.hWnd = hWnd;
  OK2_Anim.W = 30;
  OK2_Anim.H = 30;
  OK2_Anim.NumOfUnits = 0;
  
  /*** Инициализация OpenGL ***/

  /* описываем формат точки */
  pfd.nSize = sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR);
  pfd.dwFlags = PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_SUPPORT_GDI | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
  pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
  pfd.cColorBits = 32;
  i = ChoosePixelFormat(OK2_Anim.hDC, &pfd);
  DescribePixelFormat(OK2_Anim.hDC, i, sizeof(pfd), &pfd);
  SetPixelFormat(OK2_Anim.hDC, i, &pfd);

  /* создаем контекст построения */
  OK2_Anim.hRC = wglCreateContext(OK2_Anim.hDC);
  /* делаем текущими контексты */
  wglMakeCurrent(OK2_Anim.hDC, OK2_Anim.hRC);

  /* инициализируем расширения */
  if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK ||
      !(GLEW_ARB_vertex_shader && GLEW_ARB_fragment_shader))
  {
    wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL);
    wglDeleteContext(OK2_Anim.hRC);
    ReleaseDC(OK2_Anim.hWnd, OK2_Anim.hDC);
    memset(&OK2_Anim, 0, sizeof(ok2ANIM));
    return FALSE;
  }
  /* параметры OpenGL по-умолчанию */

  /* инициализируем таймер */
  QueryPerformanceFrequency(&li);
  TimeFreq = li.QuadPart;

  QueryPerformanceCounter(&li);
  TimeStart = TimeOld = TimeFPS = li.QuadPart;
  TimePause = 0;
  FrameCounter = 0;
  
  /* инициализируем захват сообщений от мыши */
  SetWindowsHookEx(WH_MOUSE_LL, OK2_MouseHook, GetModuleHandle(NULL), 0);

  /* Параметры проецирования */
  OK2_Anim.Wp = 4.0, OK2_Anim.Hp = 3.0,     /* размеры обрасти проецирования */
  OK2_Anim.ProjDist = 1.0,              /* расстояние до плоскости проекции */
  OK2_Anim.FarClip = 1000.0,
  OK2_Anim.ProjSize = 1.0;

  OK2_Anim.MatrWorld = /* матрица преобразования мировой СК */
  OK2_Anim.MatrView =  /* матрица преобразования видовой СК */
  OK2_Anim.MatrProjection = MatrIdenity(); /* матрица проекции */
  glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
  glEnable(GL_ALPHA_TEST);
  //glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);

  return TRUE;
} /* End of 'OK2_AnimInit' function */

int CALLBACK WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
  // Allocate program memory
  g_program_memory.start = malloc(MAX_INTERNAL_MEMORY_SIZE);
  g_program_memory.free_memory = g_program_memory.start;
  // TODO: add checks for overflow when allocating

  // Main program state
  Program_State *state =
      (Program_State *)g_program_memory.allocate(sizeof(Program_State));
  state->init(&g_program_memory, &g_pixel_buffer,
              (Raytrace_Work_Queue *)&g_raytrace_queue);

  // Create window class
  WNDCLASS WindowClass = {};
  WindowClass.style = CS_OWNDC | CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW;
  WindowClass.lpfnWndProc = Win32WindowProc;
  WindowClass.hInstance = hInstance;
  WindowClass.lpszClassName = "VMWindowClass";

  // Set target sleep resolution
  {
    TIMECAPS tc;
    UINT wTimerRes;

    if (timeGetDevCaps(&tc, sizeof(TIMECAPS)) != TIMERR_NOERROR) {
      OutputDebugStringA("Cannot set the sleep resolution\n");
      exit(1);
    }

    wTimerRes = min(max(tc.wPeriodMin, 1), tc.wPeriodMax);  // 1 ms
    timeBeginPeriod(wTimerRes);
  }

  QueryPerformanceFrequency(&gPerformanceFrequency);

  if (!RegisterClass(&WindowClass)) {
    // TODO: logging
    printf("Couldn't register window class\n");
    exit(1);
  }

  // Create window so that its client area is exactly kWindowWidth/Height
  DWORD WindowStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE;
  RECT WindowRect = {};

  WindowRect.right = state->kWindowWidth;
  WindowRect.bottom = state->kWindowHeight;
  AdjustWindowRect(&WindowRect, WindowStyle, 0);
  int WindowWidth = WindowRect.right - WindowRect.left;
  int WindowHeight = WindowRect.bottom - WindowRect.top;
  HWND Window = CreateWindow(WindowClass.lpszClassName, 0, WindowStyle,
                             CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, WindowWidth,
                             WindowHeight, 0, 0, hInstance, 0);

  if (!Window) {
    printf("Couldn't create window\n");
    exit(1);
  }

  // We're not going to release it as we use CS_OWNDC
  HDC hdc = GetDC(Window);

  g_running = true;

  // Set proper buffer values based on actual client size
  Win32ResizeClientWindow(Window);

  // Init OpenGL
  {
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR DesiredPixelFormat = {};
    DesiredPixelFormat.nSize = sizeof(DesiredPixelFormat);
    DesiredPixelFormat.nVersion = 1;
    DesiredPixelFormat.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
    DesiredPixelFormat.dwFlags =
        PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
    DesiredPixelFormat.cColorBits = 32;
    DesiredPixelFormat.cAlphaBits = 8;
    DesiredPixelFormat.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;

    int SuggestedPixelFormatIndex = ChoosePixelFormat(hdc, &DesiredPixelFormat);
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR SuggestedPixelFormat;
    DescribePixelFormat(hdc, SuggestedPixelFormatIndex,
                        sizeof(SuggestedPixelFormat), &SuggestedPixelFormat);

    SetPixelFormat(hdc, SuggestedPixelFormatIndex, &SuggestedPixelFormat);

    HGLRC OpenGLRC = wglCreateContext(hdc);
    if (wglMakeCurrent(hdc, OpenGLRC)) {
      // Success
      glGenTextures(1, &gTextureHandle);

      typedef BOOL WINAPI wgl_swap_interval_ext(int interval);
      wgl_swap_interval_ext *wglSwapInterval =
          (wgl_swap_interval_ext *)wglGetProcAddress("wglSwapIntervalEXT");
      if (wglSwapInterval) {
        wglSwapInterval(1);
      } else {
        // VSync not enabled or not supported
        assert(false);
//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

djvWglContext::djvWglContext(djvCoreContext * context) throw (djvError) :
    djvOpenGlContext(context),
    _p(new djvWglContextPrivate)
{
#   if defined(DJV_WINDOWS)

    //DJV_DEBUG("djvWglContext::djvWglContext");

    // Create a dummy window and OpenGL context for glewInit.
    // According to the docs, glewInit can be called just once per-process?

    DJV_LOG(context->debugLog(), "djvWglContext", "Creating dummy window...");

    HINSTANCE hinstance = GetModuleHandle(0);

    if (! hinstance)
    {
        throw djvError(
            "djvWglContext",
            errorLabels()[ERROR_MODULE_HANDLE].arg(int(GetLastError())));
    }

    static const char name [] = "djv";
    WNDCLASS wc;
    if (! GetClassInfo(hinstance, name, &wc))
    {
        wc.style = CS_OWNDC;
        //wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)MainWndProc;
        wc.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;
        wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
        wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
        wc.hInstance = hinstance;
        wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION);
        wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);
        wc.hbrBackground = 0;
        wc.lpszMenuName = 0;
        wc.lpszClassName = name;

        if (! RegisterClass(&wc))
        {
            throw djvError(
                "djvWglContext",
                errorLabels()[ERROR_REGISTER_CLASS].arg(int(GetLastError())));
        }
    }

    _p->id = CreateWindow(name, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, hinstance, 0);

    if (! _p->id)
    {
        throw djvError(
            "djvWglContext",
            errorLabels()[ERROR_CREATE_WINDOW].arg(int(GetLastError())));
    }

    _p->device = GetDC(_p->id);

    if (! _p->device)
    {
        throw djvError(
            "djvWglContext",
            errorLabels()[ERROR_GET_DC].arg(int(GetLastError())));
    }

    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pixelFormatInfo;

    const int pixelFormatCount = DescribePixelFormat(_p->device, 0, 0, 0);

    //DJV_DEBUG_PRINT("pixel format count = " << pixelFormatCount);

    DJV_LOG(context->debugLog(), "djvWglContext",
            QString("Pixel format count: %1").arg(pixelFormatCount));

    for (int i = 1; i < pixelFormatCount; ++i)
    {
        DescribePixelFormat(
            _p->device,
            i,
            sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),
            &pixelFormatInfo);

        //DJV_DEBUG_PRINT("  id " << i << ": " <<
        //    ((PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL & pixelFormatInfo.dwFlags) ? "gl " : "") <<
        //    ((PFD_GENERIC_FORMAT & pixelFormatInfo.dwFlags) ? "" : "accel ") <<
        //    ((PFD_TYPE_RGBA == pixelFormatInfo.iPixelType) ? "rgba " : "") <<
        //    "depth = " << pixelFormatInfo.cColorBits << "/" <<
        //    pixelFormatInfo.cRedBits << "/" <<
        //    pixelFormatInfo.cGreenBits << "/" <<
        //    pixelFormatInfo.cBlueBits << "/" <<
        //    pixelFormatInfo.cAlphaBits << " ");

        QStringList tmp;
        if (PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL & pixelFormatInfo.dwFlags)
            tmp += "gl";
        if (! (PFD_GENERIC_FORMAT & pixelFormatInfo.dwFlags))
            tmp += "accel";
        if (PFD_TYPE_RGBA == pixelFormatInfo.iPixelType)
            tmp += "rgba";

        DJV_LOG(context->debugLog(), "djvWglContext",
//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

HPALETTE GetOpenGLPalette(HDC hDC)
{
	HPALETTE hRetPal = NULL;	// Handle to palette to be created
	PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;	// Pixel Format Descriptor
	LOGPALETTE *pPal;			// Pointer to memory for logical palette
	int nPixelFormat;			// Pixel format index
	int nColors;				// Number of entries in palette
	int i;						// Counting variable
	BYTE RedRange, GreenRange, BlueRange;
	// Range for each color entry (7,7,and 3)


	// Get the pixel format index and retrieve the pixel format description
	nPixelFormat = GetPixelFormat(hDC);
	DescribePixelFormat(hDC, nPixelFormat, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pfd);

	// Does this pixel format require a palette?  If not, do not create a
	// palette and just return NULL
	if (!(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_NEED_PALETTE))
		return NULL;

	// Number of entries in palette.  8 bits yeilds 256 entries
	nColors = 1 << pfd.cColorBits;

	// Allocate space for a logical palette structure plus all the palette entries
	pPal = (LOGPALETTE*)malloc(sizeof(LOGPALETTE) + nColors*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY));

	// Fill in palette header 
	pPal->palVersion = 0x300;		// Windows 3.0
	pPal->palNumEntries = nColors; // table size

								   // Build mask of all 1's.  This creates a number represented by having
								   // the low order x bits set, where x = pfd.cRedBits, pfd.cGreenBits, and
								   // pfd.cBlueBits.  
	RedRange = (1 << pfd.cRedBits) - 1;
	GreenRange = (1 << pfd.cGreenBits) - 1;
	BlueRange = (1 << pfd.cBlueBits) - 1;

	// Loop through all the palette entries
	for (i = 0; i < nColors; i++)
	{
		// Fill in the 8-bit equivalents for each component
		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peRed = (i >> pfd.cRedShift) & RedRange;
		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peRed = (unsigned char)(
			(double)pPal->palPalEntry[i].peRed * 255.0 / RedRange);

		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peGreen = (i >> pfd.cGreenShift) & GreenRange;
		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peGreen = (unsigned char)(
			(double)pPal->palPalEntry[i].peGreen * 255.0 / GreenRange);

		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peBlue = (i >> pfd.cBlueShift) & BlueRange;
		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peBlue = (unsigned char)(
			(double)pPal->palPalEntry[i].peBlue * 255.0 / BlueRange);

		pPal->palPalEntry[i].peFlags = (unsigned char)NULL;
	}


	// Create the palette
	hRetPal = CreatePalette(pPal);

	// Go ahead and select and realize the palette for this device context
	SelectPalette(hDC, hRetPal, FALSE);
	RealizePalette(hDC);

	// Free the memory used for the logical palette structure
	free(pPal);

	// Return the handle to the new palette
	return hRetPal;
}

BOOL GL11Window::Create(CONST WindowSettings& settings /*= {}*/)
{
	m_settings = settings;

	CONST auto hInstance{GetModuleHandle(NULL)};
	if (!hInstance)
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to retrieve the application handle."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

	WNDCLASSEX wndClassEx{};
	ZeroMemory(&wndClassEx, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));
	wndClassEx.cbSize        = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
	wndClassEx.style         = CS_OWNDC | CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wndClassEx.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;
	wndClassEx.cbClsExtra    = 0;
	wndClassEx.cbWndExtra    = sizeof(VOID*) + sizeof(INT);
	wndClassEx.hInstance     = hInstance;
	wndClassEx.hIcon         = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
	wndClassEx.hCursor       = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wndClassEx.hbrBackground = NULL;
	wndClassEx.lpszMenuName  = NULL;
	wndClassEx.lpszClassName = TEXT("GL11WindowClass");
	wndClassEx.hIconSm       = NULL;

	if (FAILED(RegisterClassEx(&wndClassEx)))
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to register the window class."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

	DWORD windowStyle{WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS};
	DWORD windowStyleEx{WS_EX_ACCEPTFILES};

	RECT windowRect{0, 0, m_settings.width, m_settings.height};
	if (FAILED(AdjustWindowRectEx(&windowRect, windowStyle, FALSE, windowStyleEx)))
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to adjust the window rect."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

	m_settings.x = (GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN) / 2) - (m_settings.width / 2);
	m_settings.y = (GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN) / 2) - (m_settings.height / 2);

	CONST auto FULL_TITLE{m_settings.title + m_settings.titleEx};
	m_handle = CreateWindowEx(windowStyleEx,
	                          wndClassEx.lpszClassName,
	                          FULL_TITLE.c_str(),
	                          windowStyle,
	                          m_settings.x,
	                          m_settings.y,
	                          windowRect.right - windowRect.left,
	                          windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top,
	                          NULL,
	                          NULL,
	                          hInstance,
	                          this);
	if (!m_handle)
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to create the window handle."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

	m_deviceContext = GetDC(m_handle);

	// Query a pixel format:
	PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR desiredPixelFormat{};
	ZeroMemory(&desiredPixelFormat, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR));
	desiredPixelFormat.nSize        = sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR);
	desiredPixelFormat.nVersion     = 1;
	desiredPixelFormat.dwFlags      = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL;
	desiredPixelFormat.iPixelType   = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
	desiredPixelFormat.cColorBits   = 32;
	desiredPixelFormat.cDepthBits   = 24;
	desiredPixelFormat.cStencilBits = 8;
	desiredPixelFormat.iLayerType   = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;

	auto chosenPixelFormat{ChoosePixelFormat(m_deviceContext, &desiredPixelFormat)};
	if (!chosenPixelFormat)
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to choose a dummy pixel format."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

	if (FAILED(DescribePixelFormat(m_deviceContext,
	                               chosenPixelFormat,
	                               sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),
	                               &desiredPixelFormat)))
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to fill the pixel format."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

	if (FAILED(SetPixelFormat(m_deviceContext, chosenPixelFormat, &desiredPixelFormat)))
	{
		DisplayError(TEXT("Failed to set the pixel format."), GetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}

//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

static int GLimp_InitGL( void )
{
	PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd =
	{
		sizeof( PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR ), // size of this pfd
		1,                      // version number
		PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |    // support window
		PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |    // support OpenGL
		PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER,       // double buffered
		PFD_TYPE_RGBA,          // RGBA type
		32,                     // 32-bit color depth
		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,       // color bits ignored
		0,                      // no alpha buffer
		0,                      // shift bit ignored
		0,                      // no accumulation buffer
		0, 0, 0, 0,             // accum bits ignored
		24,                     // 32-bit z-buffer
		0,                      // no stencil buffer
		0,                      // no auxiliary buffer
		PFD_MAIN_PLANE,         // main layer
		0,                      // reserved
		0, 0, 0                 // layer masks ignored
	};
	int pixelformat;

	if( r_stencilbits->integer == 8 || r_stencilbits->integer == 16 )
		pfd.cStencilBits = r_stencilbits->integer;

	/*
	** set PFD_STEREO if necessary
	*/
	if( glConfig.stereoEnabled )
	{
		ri.Com_DPrintf( "...attempting to use stereo\n" );
		pfd.dwFlags |= PFD_STEREO;
	}

	/*
	** Get a DC for the specified window
	*/
	if( glw_state.hDC != NULL )
		ri.Com_Printf( "GLimp_Init() - non-NULL DC exists\n" );

	if( ( glw_state.hDC = GetDC( glw_state.hWnd ) ) == NULL )
	{
		ri.Com_Printf( "GLimp_Init() - GetDC failed\n" );
		return false;
	}

	if( ( pixelformat = ChoosePixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, &pfd ) ) == 0 )
	{
		ri.Com_Printf( "GLimp_Init() - ChoosePixelFormat failed\n" );
		return false;
	}
	if( SetPixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, pixelformat, &pfd ) == FALSE )
	{
		ri.Com_Printf( "GLimp_Init() - SetPixelFormat failed\n" );
		return false;
	}
	DescribePixelFormat( glw_state.hDC, pixelformat, sizeof( pfd ), &pfd );

	glConfig.stencilBits = pfd.cStencilBits;

	/*
	** report if stereo is desired but unavailable
	*/
	if( !( pfd.dwFlags & PFD_STEREO ) && glConfig.stereoEnabled )
	{
		ri.Com_Printf( "...failed to select stereo pixel format\n" );
		glConfig.stereoEnabled = false;
	}

	/*
	** startup the OpenGL subsystem by creating a context and making
	** it current
	*/
	if( ( glw_state.hGLRC = qwglCreateContext( glw_state.hDC ) ) == 0 )
	{
		ri.Com_Printf( "GLimp_Init() - qwglCreateContext failed\n" );
		goto fail;
	}

	if( !qwglMakeCurrent( glw_state.hDC, glw_state.hGLRC ) )
	{
		ri.Com_Printf( "GLimp_Init() - qwglMakeCurrent failed\n" );
		goto fail;
	}

	/*
	** print out PFD specifics
	*/
	ri.Com_Printf( "GL PFD: color(%d-bits) Z(%d-bit) stencil(%d-bits)\n", ( int ) pfd.cColorBits, ( int ) pfd.cDepthBits, ( int )pfd.cStencilBits );

	return true;

fail:
	if( glw_state.hGLRC )
	{
		qwglDeleteContext( glw_state.hGLRC );
		glw_state.hGLRC = NULL;
//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

    hDC=GetDC(hWindow);

    if (!hDC)
    {
        Close();
        return "Unable to obtain a GL device context.";
    }


    // 6. PixelFormat abfragen und setzen
    // **********************************

    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR PFD;

    memset(&PFD, 0, sizeof(PFD));
    PFD.nSize       =sizeof(PFD);
    PFD.nVersion    =1;
    PFD.dwFlags     =PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
    PFD.iPixelType  =PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
    PFD.cColorBits  =BPP;
    PFD.cDepthBits  =32;
    PFD.cStencilBits=8;
    PFD.iLayerType=PFD_MAIN_PLANE;

    int PixelFormat=ChoosePixelFormat(hDC, &PFD);

    if (!PixelFormat)
    {
        Close();
        return "Unable to choose a pixel format.";
    }

    if (!DescribePixelFormat(hDC, PixelFormat, sizeof(PFD), &PFD))
    {
        Close();
        return "Unable to verify pixel format.";
    }

    static char ErrorMsg[1024];
    const char* s1="Selected pixel format mismatches:\n";
    const char* s2="\n\nThis is probably a problem with your video card (or its driver).\n"
                   "Please make sure you have the latest drivers installed.\n"
                   "If it still doesn't work, please let me know.\n"
                   "(Email to [email protected], and please include the above message!)";

    if ((PFD.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW)!=PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sPFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW is not supported.                 %s", s1,                   s2); return ErrorMsg; }
    if ((PFD.dwFlags & PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL)!=PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sOpenGL is not supported.                             %s", s1,                   s2); return ErrorMsg; }
    if ((PFD.dwFlags & PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER  )!=PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER  ) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sDouble-buffering is not supported.                   %s", s1,                   s2); return ErrorMsg; }
    if (PFD.iPixelType!=PFD_TYPE_RGBA                         ) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sPixel type RGBA is not supported.                    %s", s1,                   s2); return ErrorMsg; }
 // if (PFD.cColorBits<BPP                                    ) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sOnly %u color bits found (at least 15 are required). %s", s1, PFD.cColorBits  , s2); return ErrorMsg; }
    if (PFD.cDepthBits<16                                     ) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sOnly %u depth bits found (at least 16 are required). %s", s1, PFD.cDepthBits  , s2); return ErrorMsg; }
    if (PFD.cStencilBits<8                                    ) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sOnly %u stencil bits found (at least 8 are required).%s", s1, PFD.cStencilBits, s2); return ErrorMsg; }
    if (PFD.iLayerType!=PFD_MAIN_PLANE                        ) { Close(); sprintf(ErrorMsg, "%sLayer type PFD_MAIN_PLANE is not supported.          %s", s1,                   s2); return ErrorMsg; }

    if(!SetPixelFormat(hDC, PixelFormat, &PFD))
    {
        Close();
        return "Unable to set the pixel format.";
    }


    // 7. Rendering Context erzeugen und aktivieren
    // ********************************************

    hRC=wglCreateContext(hDC);

	void GlContext::create(uint32_t /*_width*/, uint32_t /*_height*/)
	{
		m_opengl32dll = bx::dlopen("opengl32.dll");
		BGFX_FATAL(NULL != m_opengl32dll, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "Failed to load opengl32.dll.");

		wglGetProcAddress = (PFNWGLGETPROCADDRESSPROC)bx::dlsym(m_opengl32dll, "wglGetProcAddress");
		BGFX_FATAL(NULL != wglGetProcAddress, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "Failed get wglGetProcAddress.");

		// If g_bgfxHwnd is NULL, the assumption is that GL context was created
		// by user (for example, using SDL, GLFW, etc.)
		BX_WARN(NULL != g_bgfxHwnd
			, "bgfx::winSetHwnd with valid window is not called. This might "
			  "be intentional when GL context is created by the user."
			);

		if (NULL != g_bgfxHwnd)
		{
			wglMakeCurrent = (PFNWGLMAKECURRENTPROC)bx::dlsym(m_opengl32dll, "wglMakeCurrent");
			BGFX_FATAL(NULL != wglMakeCurrent, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "Failed get wglMakeCurrent.");

			wglCreateContext = (PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTPROC)bx::dlsym(m_opengl32dll, "wglCreateContext");
			BGFX_FATAL(NULL != wglCreateContext, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "Failed get wglCreateContext.");

			wglDeleteContext = (PFNWGLDELETECONTEXTPROC)bx::dlsym(m_opengl32dll, "wglDeleteContext");
			BGFX_FATAL(NULL != wglDeleteContext, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "Failed get wglDeleteContext.");

			m_hdc = GetDC(g_bgfxHwnd);
			BGFX_FATAL(NULL != m_hdc, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "GetDC failed!");

			// Dummy window to peek into WGL functionality.
			//
			// An application can only set the pixel format of a window one time.
			// Once a window's pixel format is set, it cannot be changed.
			// MSDN: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd369049%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
			HWND hwnd = CreateWindowA("STATIC"
				, ""
				, WS_POPUP|WS_DISABLED
				, -32000
				, -32000
				, 0
				, 0
				, NULL
				, NULL
				, GetModuleHandle(NULL)
				, 0
				);

			HDC hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
			BGFX_FATAL(NULL != hdc, Fatal::UnableToInitialize, "GetDC failed!");

			HGLRC context = createContext(hdc);

			wglGetExtensionsStringARB = (PFNWGLGETEXTENSIONSSTRINGARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("wglGetExtensionsStringARB");
			wglChoosePixelFormatARB = (PFNWGLCHOOSEPIXELFORMATARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("wglChoosePixelFormatARB");
			wglCreateContextAttribsARB = (PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("wglCreateContextAttribsARB");
			wglSwapIntervalEXT = (PFNWGLSWAPINTERVALEXTPROC)wglGetProcAddress("wglSwapIntervalEXT");

			if (NULL != wglGetExtensionsStringARB)
			{
				const char* extensions = (const char*)wglGetExtensionsStringARB(hdc);
				BX_TRACE("WGL extensions:");
				dumpExtensions(extensions);
			}

			if (NULL != wglChoosePixelFormatARB
			&&  NULL != wglCreateContextAttribsARB)
			{
				int32_t attrs[] =
				{
					WGL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS_ARB, 0,
					WGL_SAMPLES_ARB, 0,
					WGL_SUPPORT_OPENGL_ARB, true,
					WGL_PIXEL_TYPE_ARB, WGL_TYPE_RGBA_ARB,
					WGL_DRAW_TO_WINDOW_ARB, true,
					WGL_DOUBLE_BUFFER_ARB, true,
					WGL_COLOR_BITS_ARB, 32,
					WGL_DEPTH_BITS_ARB, 24,
					WGL_STENCIL_BITS_ARB, 8,
					0
				};

				int result;
				int pixelFormat;
				uint32_t numFormats = 0;
				do 
				{
					result = wglChoosePixelFormatARB(m_hdc, attrs, NULL, 1, &pixelFormat, &numFormats);
					if (0 == result
						||  0 == numFormats)
					{
						attrs[3] >>= 1;
						attrs[1] = attrs[3] == 0 ? 0 : 1;
					}

				} while (0 == numFormats);

				PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
				DescribePixelFormat(m_hdc, pixelFormat, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pfd);

				BX_TRACE("Pixel format:\n"
//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

void
VisualInfo(HDC hDC, int verbose)
{
    int i, maxpf;
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;

    /* calling DescribePixelFormat() with NULL args return maximum
       number of pixel formats */
    maxpf = DescribePixelFormat(hDC, 0, 0, NULL);

    if (!verbose) {
 printf("   visual  x  bf lv rg d st  r  g  b a  ax dp st accum buffs  ms \n");
 printf(" id dep cl sp sz l  ci b ro sz sz sz sz bf th cl  r  g  b  a ns b\n");
 printf("-----------------------------------------------------------------\n");

    /* loop through all the pixel formats */
    for(i = 1; i <= maxpf; i++) {

	DescribePixelFormat(hDC, i, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pfd);

	/* only describe this format if it supports OpenGL */
	if(!(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL))
	    continue;

	/* other criteria could be tested here for actual pixel format
           choosing in an application:
	   
	   for (...each pixel format...) {

	     if (pfd.dwFlags & PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL &&
	         pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER &&
	         pfd.cDepthBits >= 24 &&
	         pfd.cColorBits >= 24)
	         {
	            goto found;
                 }
           }
	   ... not found so exit ...
	    
           found:
	   ... found so use it ...
	*/

	/* print out the information for this pixel format */
	printf("0x%02x ", i);

	printf("%2d ", pfd.cColorBits);
	if(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW)      printf("wn ");
	else if(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_BITMAP) printf("bm ");
	else printf(".  ");

	/* should find transparent pixel from LAYERPLANEDESCRIPTOR */
	printf(" . "); 

	printf("%2d ", pfd.cColorBits);

	/* bReserved field indicates number of over/underlays */
	if(pfd.bReserved) printf(" %d ", pfd.bReserved);
	else printf(" . "); 

	printf(" %c ", pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA ? 'r' : 'c');

	printf("%c ", pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER ? 'y' : '.');

	printf(" %c ", pfd.dwFlags & PFD_STEREO ? 'y' : '.');

	if(pfd.cRedBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	    printf("%2d ", pfd.cRedBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cGreenBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	    printf("%2d ", pfd.cGreenBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cBlueBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	    printf("%2d ", pfd.cBlueBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cAlphaBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	    printf("%2d ", pfd.cAlphaBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cAuxBuffers)     printf("%2d ", pfd.cAuxBuffers);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cDepthBits)      printf("%2d ", pfd.cDepthBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cStencilBits)    printf("%2d ", pfd.cStencilBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cAccumRedBits)   printf("%2d ", pfd.cAccumRedBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cAccumGreenBits) printf("%2d ", pfd.cAccumGreenBits);
	else printf(" . ");

	if(pfd.cAccumBlueBits)  printf("%2d ", pfd.cAccumBlueBits);
	else printf(" . ");

//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........

HWND
CreateOpenGLWindow(char* title, int x, int y, int width, int height, 
		   BYTE type, DWORD flags)
{
    int         pf;
    HDC         hDC;
    HWND        hWnd;
    WNDCLASS    wc;
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
    static HINSTANCE hInstance = 0;

    /* only register the window class once - use hInstance as a flag. */
    if (!hInstance) {
	hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
	wc.style         = CS_OWNDC;
	wc.lpfnWndProc   = (WNDPROC)WindowProc;
	wc.cbClsExtra    = 0;
	wc.cbWndExtra    = 0;
	wc.hInstance     = hInstance;
	wc.hIcon         = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO);
	wc.hCursor       = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wc.hbrBackground = NULL;
	wc.lpszMenuName  = NULL;
	wc.lpszClassName = "OpenGL";

	if (!RegisterClass(&wc)) {
	    MessageBox(NULL, "RegisterClass() failed:  "
		       "Cannot register window class.", "Error", MB_OK);
	    return NULL;
	}
    }

    hWnd = CreateWindow("OpenGL", title, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW |
			WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_CLIPCHILDREN,
			x, y, width, height, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    if (hWnd == NULL) {
	MessageBox(NULL, "CreateWindow() failed:  Cannot create a window.",
		   "Error", MB_OK);
	return NULL;
    }

    hDC = GetDC(hWnd);

    /* there is no guarantee that the contents of the stack that become
       the pfd are zeroed, therefore _make sure_ to clear these bits. */
    memset(&pfd, 0, sizeof(pfd));
    pfd.nSize        = sizeof(pfd);
    pfd.nVersion     = 1;
    pfd.dwFlags      = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | flags;
    pfd.iPixelType   = type;
    pfd.cColorBits   = 32;

    pf = ChoosePixelFormat(hDC, &pfd);
    if (pf == 0) {
	MessageBox(NULL, "ChoosePixelFormat() failed:  "
		   "Cannot find a suitable pixel format.", "Error", MB_OK); 
	return 0;
    } 
 
    if (SetPixelFormat(hDC, pf, &pfd) == FALSE) {
	MessageBox(NULL, "SetPixelFormat() failed:  "
		   "Cannot set format specified.", "Error", MB_OK);
	return 0;
    } 

    DescribePixelFormat(hDC, pf, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pfd);

    ReleaseDC(hDC, hWnd);

    return hWnd;
}    

int CChildView::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) 
{
	//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Initializing OpenGL");
	if (CWnd::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1){
		//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Failed");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// Initialize OpenGL parameters
	PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd = {
        sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), // Structure size
        1,                             // Version number
        PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |           // Property flags
            PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |
            PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER,          // (remove if no double buf)
        PFD_TYPE_RGBA,                 // PixelType
        24,                            // 24-bit color
        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,              // Color bits and shift
        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,           // Alpha and accum buffer bits
        32,                            // 32-bit depth buffer
        0, 0,                          // No stencil or aux buffer
        PFD_MAIN_PLANE,                // Layer type
        0,                             // Reserved
        0, 0, 0                        // Unsupported
    };

	// Tell GDI to convert device context from Win32 to OpenGL.
    CClientDC dcClient(this);
    int iPixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(dcClient.m_hDC,&pfd);
    if ( !iPixelFormat ) {
		// This system cannot run OpenGL
		//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Error retrieving pixel format index...");
		ASSERT(FALSE);
		AfxMessageBox("Cannot initialize OpenGL...quitting.",
						MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
		return -1; // will fail new document creation...
	} // if
	//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - OpenGL - Chosen Pixel Format");

    if ( !SetPixelFormat(dcClient.m_hDC,iPixelFormat,&pfd) ) {
		// This system cannot run OpenGL
		//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Error setting new pixel format...");
		ASSERT(FALSE);
		AfxMessageBox("Cannot initialize OpenGL...quitting.",
						MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
		return -1; // will fail new document creation...
	} // if
	//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - OpenGL - Pixel Format is set");

	// Update the PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR structure once
	// the device context has been modified.
    DescribePixelFormat(dcClient.m_hDC,iPixelFormat,
						sizeof(pfd),&pfd);

	// The PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR has been updated, so we now
	// determine whether to create and manage a custom
	// palette.
    if ( pfd.dwFlags & PFD_NEED_PALETTE ) {
		// We do, so build a new palette...
		//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Setting up palette...");
        GLSetupPalette();
		//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Palette is set...");
	} // if
	
	// Create the OpenGL rendering context
    m_hRC = wglCreateContext(dcClient.m_hDC);
    if ( m_hRC == NULL ) {
		// This system cannot run OpenGL
		//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Error creating OpenGL rendering context...\n");
		ASSERT(FALSE);
		AfxMessageBox("Cannot initialize OpenGL...quitting.",
						MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
		return -1; // will fail new document creation...
	} // if
	//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - OpenGL - created rendering context");

	// We now make it the current rendering context so
	// we might set our clear color
	glClearDepth(1.0);
	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

	wglMakeCurrent(dcClient.m_hDC,m_hRC);
	GLLoadFont();
	glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0); // black
	wglMakeCurrent(dcClient.m_hDC,NULL);


	//Trace("CChildView::OnCreate - Done");

	return 0;
}

void
VisualInfoGDI (GLContext* ctx)
{
  int i, maxpf;
  PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;

  /* calling DescribePixelFormat() with NULL pfd (!!!) return maximum
     number of pixel formats */
  maxpf = DescribePixelFormat(ctx->dc, 1, 0, NULL);

  if (!verbose)
  {
    fprintf(file, "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    fprintf(file, "   visual   x  bf  lv rg d st ge ge  r  g  b a  ax dp st   accum buffs    ms \n");
    fprintf(file, " id  dep tp sp sz  l  ci b ro ne ac sz sz sz sz bf th cl  sz  r  g  b  a ns b\n");
    fprintf(file, "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");

    /* loop through all the pixel formats */
    for(i = 1; i <= maxpf; i++)
    {
      DescribePixelFormat(ctx->dc, i, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pfd);
      /* only describe this format if it supports OpenGL */
      if(!(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL)
	 || (drawableonly && (pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_BITMAP))) continue;
      /* other criteria could be tested here for actual pixel format
	 choosing in an application:
	   
	 for (...each pixel format...) {
	 if (pfd.dwFlags & PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL &&
	 pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER &&
	 pfd.cDepthBits >= 24 &&
	 pfd.cColorBits >= 24)
	 {
	 goto found;
	 }
	 }
	 ... not found so exit ...
	 found:
	 ... found so use it ...
      */
      /* print out the information for this pixel format */
      fprintf(file, "0x%02x ", i);
      fprintf(file, "%3d ", pfd.cColorBits);
      if(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW) fprintf(file, "wn ");
      else if(pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DRAW_TO_BITMAP) fprintf(file, "bm ");
      else fprintf(file, "pb ");
      /* should find transparent pixel from LAYERPLANEDESCRIPTOR */
      fprintf(file, " . "); 
      fprintf(file, "%3d ", pfd.cColorBits);
      /* bReserved field indicates number of over/underlays */
      if(pfd.bReserved) fprintf(file, " %d ", pfd.bReserved);
      else fprintf(file, " . "); 
      fprintf(file, " %c ", pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA ? 'r' : 'c');
      fprintf(file, "%c ", pfd.dwFlags & PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER ? 'y' : '.');
      fprintf(file, " %c ", pfd.dwFlags & PFD_STEREO ? 'y' : '.');
      /* added: */
      fprintf(file, " %c ", pfd.dwFlags & PFD_GENERIC_FORMAT ? 'y' : '.');
      fprintf(file, " %c ", pfd.dwFlags & PFD_GENERIC_ACCELERATED ? 'y' : '.');
      if(pfd.cRedBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cRedBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cGreenBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cGreenBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cBlueBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cBlueBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cAlphaBits && pfd.iPixelType == PFD_TYPE_RGBA) 
	fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cAlphaBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cAuxBuffers)     fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cAuxBuffers);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cDepthBits)      fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cDepthBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cStencilBits)    fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cStencilBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cAccumBits)   fprintf(file, "%3d ", pfd.cAccumBits);
      else fprintf(file, "  . ");
      if(pfd.cAccumRedBits)   fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cAccumRedBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cAccumGreenBits) fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cAccumGreenBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cAccumBlueBits)  fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cAccumBlueBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      if(pfd.cAccumAlphaBits) fprintf(file, "%2d ", pfd.cAccumAlphaBits);
      else fprintf(file, " . ");
      /* no multisample in win32 */
      fprintf(file, " . .\n");
    }
    /* print table footer */
    fprintf(file, "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    fprintf(file, "   visual   x  bf  lv rg d st ge ge  r  g  b a  ax dp st   accum buffs    ms \n");
    fprintf(file, " id  dep tp sp sz  l  ci b ro ne ac sz sz sz sz bf th cl  sz  r  g  b  a ns b\n");
    fprintf(file, "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
  }
  else /* verbose */
  {
    fprintf(file, "\n");
    /* loop through all the pixel formats */
    for(i = 1; i <= maxpf; i++)
//.........這裏部分代碼省略.........