R語言 scan()用法及代碼示例

R語言中的scan()函數用於掃描和讀取數據。它通常用於在 R 語言中將數據讀入向量或列表或文件中。

用法：
scan(“data.txt”, what = “character”)

參數：
數據.txt：要掃描的文本文件

返回：掃描輸出

範例1：文本掃描


# R Program to scan a file
  
# Create example data.frame
data <- data.frame(x1 = c(1, 2, 2, 3),                
                   x2 = c(4, 5, 6, 7),
                   x3 = c(8, 9, 10, 11))
data  
  
# Write data as txt file to directory
write.table(data,                    
            file = "data.txt",
            row.names = FALSE)
  
# Get currently used directory
getwd()   
              
# Apply scan function to txt file
data <- scan("data.txt", what = "character")   
data

輸出：

  x1 x2 x3
1  1  4  8
2  2  5  9
3  2  6 10
4  3  7 11

[1] "/home/cg/root/8121844"

[1] "x1" "x2" "x3" "1"  "4"  "8"  "2"  "5"  "9"  "2"  "6"  "10" "3"  "7"  "11"
Read 15 items

範例2：將數據掃描為文本


# R Program to scan a file
  
# Create example data.frame
data <- data.frame(x1 = c(1, 2, 2, 3),                
                   x2 = c(4, 5, 6, 7),
                   x3 = c(8, 9, 10, 11))
data  
  
# Write data as txt file to directory
write.table(data,                    
            file = "data.txt",
            row.names = FALSE)
          
# Read txt file into list
data <- scan("data.txt", what = list("", "", ""))    
data

輸出：

  x1 x2 x3
1  1  4  8
2  2  5  9
3  2  6 10
4  3  7 11
[[1]]
[1] "x1" "1"  "2"  "2"  "3" 

[[2]]
[1] "x2" "4"  "5"  "6"  "7" 

[[3]]
[1] "x3" "8"  "9"  "10" "11"

Read 5 records

範例3：具有掃描函數的跳線


# R Program to scan a file
  
# Create example data.frame
data <- data.frame(x1 = c(1, 2, 2, 3),  
                   x2 = c(4, 5, 6, 7),
                   x3 = c(8, 9, 10, 11))
data  
  
# Write data as txt file to directory
write.table(data,
            file = "data.txt",
            row.names = FALSE)
              
# Skip first line of txt file
data <- scan("data.txt", skip = 1)                   
data

輸出：

  x1 x2 x3
1  1  4  8
2  2  5  9
3  2  6 10
4  3  7 11
 [1]  1  4  8  2  5  9  2  6 10  3  7 11
Read 12 items

範例4：掃描 Excel CSV 文件


# R Program to scan a file
  
# Create example data.frame
data <- data.frame(x1 = c(1, 2, 2, 3), 
                   x2 = c(4, 5, 6, 7),
                   x3 = c(8, 9, 10, 11))
data  
  
# Write data as csv file to directory
write.table(data,                
            file = "data.csv",
            row.names = FALSE)
              
# Apply scan function to csv file           
data <- scan("data.csv", what = "character")        
data

輸出：

  x1 x2 x3
  x1 x2 x3
1  1  4  8
2  2  5  9
3  2  6 10
4  3  7 11
Read 15 items
 [1] "x1" "x2" "x3" "1"  "4"  "8"  "2"  "5"  "9"  "2"  "6"  "10" "3"  "7"  "11"

範例5：從鍵盤讀取輸入。


# take input from keyboard
z <- scan() 
1
2
3
4
   
# print output on the screen
print(z)

輸出：

Read 4 items
[1] 1 2 3 4

這裏，在上麵的代碼中，scan() 函數將使用 print() 函數從用戶那裏獲取輸入並打印值。

相關用法

注：本文由純淨天空篩選整理自kaurbal1698大神的英文原創作品 Scan and Read Data from a File in R Programming – scan() Function。非經特殊聲明，原始代碼版權歸原作者所有，本譯文未經允許或授權，請勿轉載或複製。