STL中的轉發列表實現單鏈接列表。從C++ 11引入的前向列表在插入,刪除和移動操作(如排序)方麵比其他容器有用,並且允許時間常數插入和刪除元素。它與列表的不同之處在於前向列表會跟蹤對象的位置僅list的下一個元素同時跟蹤下一個和上一個元素。
forward_list::push_front
push_front()函數用於將元素從前麵推入轉發列表。在當前第一個元素和容器大小增加1之前,新值將從開頭插入到“轉發”列表中。
用法:
forwardlistname.push_front(value) 參數: The value to be added in the front is passed as the parameter Result: Adds the value mentioned as the parameter to the front of the forward list named as forwardlistname
例子:
Input:forward_list forwardlist{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; forwardlist.push_front(6); Output:6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Input:forward_list forwardlist{5, 4, 3, 2, 1}; forwardlist.push_front(6); Output:6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
錯誤和異常
1.強大的異常保證-如果引發異常,則容器中沒有任何更改。
2.如果轉發列表不支持作為參數傳遞的值,則它將顯示未定義的行為。
// CPP program to illustrate
// push_front() function
#include <forward_list>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
forward_list<int> myforwardlist{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
myforwardlist.push_front(6);
// Forward list becomes 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
for (auto it = myforwardlist.begin(); it != myforwardlist.end(); ++it)
cout << ' ' << *it;
}
輸出:
6 1 2 3 4 5
應用:使用push_front()函數輸入具有以下編號和順序的空的轉發列表,並對給定的轉發列表進行排序。
Input: 7, 89, 45, 6, 24, 58, 43 Output:6, 7, 24, 43, 45, 58, 89
// CPP program to illustrate
// application Of push_front() function
#include <forward_list>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
forward_list<int> myforwardlist{};
myforwardlist.push_front(43);
myforwardlist.push_front(58);
myforwardlist.push_front(24);
myforwardlist.push_front(6);
myforwardlist.push_front(45);
myforwardlist.push_front(89);
myforwardlist.push_front(7);
// Forward list becomes 7, 89, 45, 6, 24, 58, 43
// Sorting function
myforwardlist.sort();
for (auto it = myforwardlist.begin(); it != myforwardlist.end(); ++it)
cout << ' ' << *it;
}
輸出量
6 7 24 43 45 58 89
forward_list::pop_front
pop_front()函數用於從正麵彈出列表中刪除元素。該值將從一開始就從列表中刪除,並且容器大小減小1。
用法:
forwardlistname.pop_front() 參數: No parameter is passed as the parameter. Result: Removes the value present at the front of the given forward list named as forwardlistname
例子:
Input:forward_list forwardlist{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; forwardlist.pop_front(); Output:2, 3, 4, 5 Input:forward_list forwardlist{5, 4, 3, 2, 1}; forwardlist.pop_front(); Output:4, 3, 2, 1
錯誤和異常
1. No-Throw-Guarantee-如果引發異常,則容器中沒有任何更改。
2.如果列表為空,則顯示未定義的行為。
// CPP program to illustrate
// pop_front() function
#include <forward_list>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
forward_list<int> myforwardlist{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
myforwardlist.pop_front();
// forward list becomes 2, 3, 4, 5
for (auto it = myforwardlist.begin(); it != myforwardlist.end(); ++it)
cout << ' ' << *it;
}
輸出:
2 3 4 5
應用程序:使用push_front()函數輸入具有以下編號和順序的空前向列表,並打印列表的反麵。
Input:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Output:8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
// CPP program to illustrate
// application Of pop_front() function
#include <forward_list>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
forward_list<int> myforwardlist{}, newforwardlist{};
myforwardlist.push_front(8);
myforwardlist.push_front(7);
myforwardlist.push_front(6);
myforwardlist.push_front(5);
myforwardlist.push_front(4);
myforwardlist.push_front(3);
myforwardlist.push_front(2);
myforwardlist.push_front(1);
// Forward list becomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
while (!myforwardlist.empty()) {
newforwardlist.push_front(myforwardlist.front());
myforwardlist.pop_front();
}
for (auto it = newforwardlist.begin(); it != newforwardlist.end(); ++it)
cout << ' ' << *it;
}
輸出量
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
相關用法
注:本文由純淨天空篩選整理自AyushSaxena大神的英文原創作品 forward_list::push_front() and forward_list::pop_front() in C++ STL。非經特殊聲明,原始代碼版權歸原作者所有,本譯文未經允許或授權,請勿轉載或複製。