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Java ConcurrentHashMap computeIfAbsent()用法及代碼示例


ConcurrentHashMap類的computeIfAbsent(Key,Function)方法,如果鍵尚未與某個值關聯(或映射為null),則嘗試使用給定鍵的給定映射函數計算其值,然後在映射中輸入該計算出的值,否則為null 。

  • 如果此方法的映射函數返回null,則不會在map中記錄新鍵的值。
  • 此方法用於自動更新ConcurrentHashMap中給定鍵的值。
  • 如果重新映射函數引發異常,則重新引發該異常,並且不記錄任何映射。
  • 在計算過程中,不允許使用此方法修改此映射,因為其他線程也可以使用此映射。

用法:

public V 
       computeIfAbsent(K key,
             Function<? super K, ? extends V> remappingFunction)

參數:此方法接受兩個參數:


  • key與值關聯的:key。
  • remappingFunction:function對值進行運算。

返回值:此方法返回與指定鍵關聯的當前(現有的或計算的)值;如果映射返回null,則返回null。

異常:該方法拋出:

  • NullPointerException :如果指定的鍵或remappingFunction為null。
  • llegalStateException:如果計算嘗試對此Map進行遞歸更新,否則將永遠無法完成。
  • RuntimeException:如果remappingFunction這樣做,則映射不變。

以下示例程序旨在說明computeIfAbsent(Key,Function)方法:

程序1:

// Java program to demonstrate 
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method. 
  
import java.util.concurrent.*; 
  
public class GFG { 
  
    // Main method 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
  
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and 
        // add some values 
        ConcurrentHashMap<String, Integer> map 
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); 
        map.put("Pencil", 1000); 
        map.put("Laptop", 55000); 
        map.put("Clothes", 4400); 
        map.put("Mobile", 5300); 
  
        // print map details 
        System.out.println("ConcurrentHashMap:\n "
                           + map.toString()); 
  
        // provide value for new key which is absent 
        // using computeIfAbsent method 
        map.computeIfAbsent("PC", k -> 60000); 
        map.computeIfAbsent("Charger", k -> 800); 
  
        // print new mapping 
        System.out.println("new ConcurrentHashMap:\n "
                           + map); 
    } 
}
輸出:
ConcurrentHashMap:
 {Laptop=55000, Clothes=4400, Pencil=1000, Mobile=5300}
new ConcurrentHashMap:
 {Laptop=55000, PC=60000, Clothes=4400, Pencil=1000, Charger=800, Mobile=5300}

程序2:

// Java program to demonstrate 
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method. 
  
import java.util.concurrent.*; 
  
public class GFG { 
  
    // Main method 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
  
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and 
        // add some values 
        ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, String> map 
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); 
        map.put(1, "1000RS"); 
        map.put(2, "5009RS"); 
        map.put(3, "1300RS"); 
  
        // print map details 
        System.out.println("ConcurrentHashMap:\n"
                           + map.toString()); 
  
        // provide value for new key which is absent 
        // using computeIfAbsent method 
        map.computeIfAbsent(4, k -> "6000RS"); 
  
        // this will not effect anything 
        // because key 1 is present 
        map.computeIfAbsent(1, k -> "8000RS"); 
  
        // print new mapping 
        System.out.println("new ConcurrentHashMap:\n"
                           + map); 
    } 
}
輸出:
ConcurrentHashMap:
{1=1000RS, 2=5009RS, 3=1300RS}
new ConcurrentHashMap:
{1=1000RS, 2=5009RS, 3=1300RS, 4=6000RS}

程序3:顯示NullPointerException

// Java program to demonstrate NullPointerException of 
// computeIfAbsent(Key, Function) method. 
  
import java.util.concurrent.*; 
  
public class GFG { 
  
    // Main method 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
  
        // create a ConcurrentHashMap and 
        // add some values 
        ConcurrentHashMap<String, Integer> map 
            = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); 
        map.put("Pencil", 1000); 
        map.put("Laptop", 55000); 
        map.put("Clothes", 4400); 
        map.put("Mobile", 5300); 
  
        try { 
  
            // provide value for new key which is absent 
            // using computeIfAbsent method 
            map.computeIfAbsent(null, k -> 60000); 
        } 
        catch (Exception e) { 
  
            // print new mapping 
            System.out.println("Exception:"
                               + e); 
        } 
    } 
}
輸出:
Exception:java.lang.NullPointerException

參考:https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.html#computeIfAbsent-K-java.util.function.Function-



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注:本文由純淨天空篩選整理自AmanSingh2210大神的英文原創作品 ConcurrentHashMap computeIfAbsent() method in Java with Examples。非經特殊聲明,原始代碼版權歸原作者所有,本譯文未經允許或授權,請勿轉載或複製。